Title: Extreme fast charge aging: Correlation between electrode scale and heterogeneous degradation in Ni-rich layered cathodes

Abstract

Extreme fast charging (XFC) is a key requirement for the adoption of battery-based electric vehicles by the transportation sector. However, XFC has been shown to accelerate degradation, causing the capacity, life, and safety of batteries to deteriorate. There are no systematic studies in the open literature regarding aging modes in Ni-rich Li_yNi_0.aMn_0.bCo_0.cO₂ (NMCabc) cathodes caused by fast charging. Herein, we report the effects of cathode composition and electrode loading in pouch cells containing NMC532, 622 and 811 paired with graphite and cycled under XFC conditions. The relative anisotropic volume change in the unit cell increases with Ni content in low-loading cells, while it levels up for all three NMC cathodes in high-loading cells because of substantial Li plating. The amounts of lithium plating and heterogeneity on the anode, determined by crystallographic phase quantification, were found to be correlated with electrode loading and cathode heterogeneity. The concentrations of the transition metals deposited on the anodes depend on NMCabc composition in a complex way. More particle cracking and surface degradation was found in NMC811. Here, the findings in this work provide a new understanding of the failure mechanisms and their practical implications for compositional tuning of future high-Ni NMCabc cathode materials duringmore » fast charging.« less

Authors:

Yang, Zhenzhen  ^[1];

• Search DOE PAGES for author "Yang, Zhenzhen"
• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-1073-3799"

Charalambous, Harry ^[1]; Lin, Yulin ^[1]; Trask, Stephen E. ^[1]; Yu, Lei ^[1]; Wen, Jianguo ^[1]; Jansen, Andrew ^[1]; Tsai, Yifen ^[1]; Wiaderek, Kamila M.  ^[1];

• Search DOE PAGES for author "Wiaderek, Kamila M."
• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-0051-3661"

Ren, Yang  ^[1];

• Search DOE PAGES for author "Ren, Yang"
• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-9831-6035"

Bloom, Ira ^[1]

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)

Publication Date:

Tue Jan 04 00:00:00 EST 2022

Research Org.:

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; USDOE

OSTI Identifier:

1880792

Alternate Identifier(s):

OSTI ID: 1838909

Grant/Contract Number:  

AC02-06CH11357; 06CH11357; AC02

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Journal of Power Sources

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Volume: 521; Journal ID: ISSN 0378-7753

Publisher:

Elsevier

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

25 ENERGY STORAGE; Extreme fast charging (XFC); Ni-rich NMC cathodes; Ageing mechanism; Electrode loading; Li plating