A Comprehensive Understanding of the Aging Effects of Extreme Fast Charging on High Ni NMC Cathode
Abstract
Extreme fast charging (XFC, =10-15 min charging) is expected to increase the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), but currently accelerates degradation in Li ion cells. As the battery industry shifts toward high Ni content cathodes, such as LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 [NMC811] -- due to its higher specific capacity, better transport properties, and lower Co content -- a complete understanding of the degradation mechanisms of NMC811 under XFC conditions, and how those compare to lower Ni content cathodes, like LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 [NMC532], is needed. Such comprehensive understanding would identify the most critical materials gaps that need to be addressed for enabling XFC long-life cells for EVs. Using well-defined cells and charging protocols, this study maps out the key aging mechanisms for NMC811 cycled at different XFC conditions [at 1C-9C to 4.1V (~100% state-of-charge [SOC]) and at 9C to 3.63V (~35% SOC), 3.77V (~60% SOC), and 3.94V (~80% SOC)] for up to 1000 cycles. To acquire a fundamental understanding of utilization and degradation, cells were evaluated using a range of electrochemical techniques, and a suite of multimodal and multiscale microscopy techniques to quantify chemical, structural, and crystallographic degradation as a function of cycling conditions for the NMC cathode. When comparing NMC532 to NMC811, it ismore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[3];
[1];
[3];
[2];
[3];
[1];
[3];
[1];
[4];
[2];
[2];
- Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office, Advanced Battery Cell Research Program (eXtreme Fast-Charge Cell Evaluation of Lithium-ion batteries [XCEL])
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1867583
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1871302; OSTI ID: 1878612
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-5700-81576; INL/JOU-21-64400-Rev000
Journal ID: ISSN 1614-6832; MainId:82349;UUID:a9a5ddf6-3e40-4580-9827-088031702116;MainAdminID:64326
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308; AC07-05ID14517; AC02-06CH11357
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Advanced Energy Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 12; Journal Issue: 22; Journal ID: ISSN 1614-6832
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION; 25 ENERGY STORAGE; cathode; cracking; fast charge; high nickel; Li-ion battery; NMC 811; lithium-ion battery
Citation Formats
Tanim, Tanvir R., Yang, Zhenzhen, Finegan, Donal P., Chinnam, Parameswara R., Lin, Yulin, Weddle, Peter J., Bloom, Ira, Colclasure, Andrew M., Dufek, Eric J., Wen, Jianguo, Tsai, Yifen, Evans, Michael C., Smith, Kandler, Allen, Jeffery M., Dickerson, Charles C., Quinn, Alexander H., Dunlop, Alison R., Trask, Stephen E., and Jansen, Andrew N. A Comprehensive Understanding of the Aging Effects of Extreme Fast Charging on High Ni NMC Cathode. United States: N. p., 2022.
Web. doi:10.1002/aenm.202103712.
Tanim, Tanvir R., Yang, Zhenzhen, Finegan, Donal P., Chinnam, Parameswara R., Lin, Yulin, Weddle, Peter J., Bloom, Ira, Colclasure, Andrew M., Dufek, Eric J., Wen, Jianguo, Tsai, Yifen, Evans, Michael C., Smith, Kandler, Allen, Jeffery M., Dickerson, Charles C., Quinn, Alexander H., Dunlop, Alison R., Trask, Stephen E., & Jansen, Andrew N. A Comprehensive Understanding of the Aging Effects of Extreme Fast Charging on High Ni NMC Cathode. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202103712
Tanim, Tanvir R., Yang, Zhenzhen, Finegan, Donal P., Chinnam, Parameswara R., Lin, Yulin, Weddle, Peter J., Bloom, Ira, Colclasure, Andrew M., Dufek, Eric J., Wen, Jianguo, Tsai, Yifen, Evans, Michael C., Smith, Kandler, Allen, Jeffery M., Dickerson, Charles C., Quinn, Alexander H., Dunlop, Alison R., Trask, Stephen E., and Jansen, Andrew N. Fri .
"A Comprehensive Understanding of the Aging Effects of Extreme Fast Charging on High Ni NMC Cathode". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202103712. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1867583.
@article{osti_1867583,
title = {A Comprehensive Understanding of the Aging Effects of Extreme Fast Charging on High Ni NMC Cathode},
author = {Tanim, Tanvir R. and Yang, Zhenzhen and Finegan, Donal P. and Chinnam, Parameswara R. and Lin, Yulin and Weddle, Peter J. and Bloom, Ira and Colclasure, Andrew M. and Dufek, Eric J. and Wen, Jianguo and Tsai, Yifen and Evans, Michael C. and Smith, Kandler and Allen, Jeffery M. and Dickerson, Charles C. and Quinn, Alexander H. and Dunlop, Alison R. and Trask, Stephen E. and Jansen, Andrew N.},
abstractNote = {Extreme fast charging (XFC, =10-15 min charging) is expected to increase the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), but currently accelerates degradation in Li ion cells. As the battery industry shifts toward high Ni content cathodes, such as LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 [NMC811] -- due to its higher specific capacity, better transport properties, and lower Co content -- a complete understanding of the degradation mechanisms of NMC811 under XFC conditions, and how those compare to lower Ni content cathodes, like LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 [NMC532], is needed. Such comprehensive understanding would identify the most critical materials gaps that need to be addressed for enabling XFC long-life cells for EVs. Using well-defined cells and charging protocols, this study maps out the key aging mechanisms for NMC811 cycled at different XFC conditions [at 1C-9C to 4.1V (~100% state-of-charge [SOC]) and at 9C to 3.63V (~35% SOC), 3.77V (~60% SOC), and 3.94V (~80% SOC)] for up to 1000 cycles. To acquire a fundamental understanding of utilization and degradation, cells were evaluated using a range of electrochemical techniques, and a suite of multimodal and multiscale microscopy techniques to quantify chemical, structural, and crystallographic degradation as a function of cycling conditions for the NMC cathode. When comparing NMC532 to NMC811, it is observed that NMC811 has a greater subsurface crystallographic degradation from layered to rock salt structures and displays a similar magnitude of sub particle cracking. However, the NMC811 maintains superior performance despite those advanced degradations. The superior cycle life performance is attributed to the NMC811 particles having radially oriented grains and improved transport properties. NMC811 showed between 4.6× to 3.15× reduction in capacity fade than NMC532 for charging rates between 4C (e.g., 15-minute charging) and 6C (10-minute charging).},
doi = {10.1002/aenm.202103712},
journal = {Advanced Energy Materials},
number = 22,
volume = 12,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Apr 22 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Fri Apr 22 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Chemomechanical interplay of layered cathode materials undergoing fast charging in lithium batteries
journal, November 2018
- Xia, Sihao; Mu, Linqin; Xu, Zhengrui
- Nano Energy, Vol. 53
Long-Term Cyclability of NCM-811 at High Voltages in Lithium-Ion Batteries: an In-Depth Diagnostic Study
journal, August 2020
- Li, Wangda; Liu, Xiaoming; Xie, Qiang
- Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 32, Issue 18
Quantification of Heterogeneous Degradation in Li‐Ion Batteries
journal, May 2019
- Yang, Yang; Xu, Rong; Zhang, Kai
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 25
Extreme Fast‐Charging of Lithium‐Ion Cells: Effect on Anode and Electrolyte
journal, November 2020
- Yang, Zhenzhen; Morrissette, James W.; Meisner, Quinton
- Energy Technology, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Resolving the Discrepancy in Tortuosity Factor Estimation for Li-Ion Battery Electrodes through Micro-Macro Modeling and Experiment
journal, January 2018
- Usseglio-Viretta, Francois L. E.; Colclasure, Andrew; Mistry, Aashutosh N.
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 14
Electron Backscatter Diffraction for Investigating Lithium-Ion Electrode Particle Architectures
journal, August 2020
- Quinn, Alexander; Moutinho, Helio; Usseglio-Viretta, Francois
- Cell Reports Physical Science, Vol. 1, Issue 8
Fast-Charging Aging Considerations: Incorporation and Alignment of Cell Design and Material Degradation Pathways
journal, September 2021
- Chinnam, Parameswara R.; Colclasure, Andrew M.; Chen, Bor-Rong
- ACS Applied Energy Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 9
Correlating capacity fade with film resistance loss in fast charging of lithium-ion battery
journal, February 2021
- Gargh, Prashant; Sarkar, Abhishek; Lui, Yu Hui
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 485
Identifying the Origins of Microstructural Defects Such as Cracking within Ni‐Rich NMC811 Cathode Particles for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
journal, November 2020
- Heenan, Thomas M. M.; Wade, Aaron; Tan, Chun
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 47
Methodologies for Design, Characterization and Testing of Electrolytes that Enable Extreme Fast Charging of Lithium-ion Cells
journal, January 2022
- Gao, Ningshengjie; Kim, Sangwook; Chinnam, Parameswara
- Energy Storage Materials, Vol. 44
Fast charge implications: Pack and cell analysis and comparison
journal, March 2018
- Tanim, Tanvir R.; Shirk, Matthew G.; Bewley, Randy L.
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 381
Fast Charging of Li-Ion Cells: Part I. Using Li/Cu Reference Electrodes to Probe Individual Electrode Potentials
journal, January 2019
- Rodrigues, Marco-Tulio F.; Kalaga, Kaushik; Trask, Stephen E.
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 6
Fast Charge-Driven Li Plating on Anode and Structural Degradation of Cathode
journal, October 2020
- Son, Seoung-Bum; Robertson, David; Yang, Zhenzhen
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 167, Issue 14
Electronic Structure and Comparative Properties of LiNi x Mn y Co z O 2 Cathode Materials
journal, March 2017
- Sun, Hong; Zhao, Kejie
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 121, Issue 11
Spatial dynamics of lithiation and lithium plating during high-rate operation of graphite electrodes
journal, January 2020
- Finegan, Donal P.; Quinn, Alexander; Wragg, David S.
- Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 13, Issue 8
A machine learning framework for early detection of lithium plating combining multiple physics-based electrochemical signatures
journal, March 2021
- Chen, Bor-Rong; Kunz, M. Ross; Tanim, Tanvir R.
- Cell Reports Physical Science, Vol. 2, Issue 3
Is Li/Graphite Half-Cell Suitable for Evaluating Lithiation Rate Capability of Graphite Electrode?
journal, June 2020
- Zhang, Sheng S.
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 167, Issue 10
Identifying the limiting electrode in lithium ion batteries for extreme fast charging
journal, December 2018
- Mao, Chengyu; Ruther, Rose E.; Li, Jianlin
- Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 97
Synthesize battery degradation modes via a diagnostic and prognostic model
journal, December 2012
- Dubarry, Matthieu; Truchot, Cyril; Liaw, Bor Yann
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 219
How Fast Can a Li-Ion Battery Be Charged? Determination of Limiting Fast Charging Conditions
journal, January 2021
- F. Rodrigues, Marco T.; Son, Seoung-Bum; Colclasure, Andrew M.
- ACS Applied Energy Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 2
Correlation between dissolution behavior and electrochemical cycling performance for LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2-based cells
journal, June 2012
- Zheng, Honghe; Sun, Qingna; Liu, Gao
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 207
Comparison of the structural and electrochemical properties of layered Li[NixCoyMnz]O2 (x = 1/3, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.85) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries
journal, July 2013
- Noh, Hyung-Joo; Youn, Sungjune; Yoon, Chong Seung
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 233
Extreme Fast Charge Challenges for Lithium-Ion Battery: Variability and Positive Electrode Issues
journal, January 2019
- Tanim, Tanvir R.; Dufek, Eric J.; Evans, Michael
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 10
A Review of Existing and Emerging Methods for Lithium Detection and Characterization in Li‐Ion and Li‐Metal Batteries
journal, March 2021
- Paul, Partha P.; McShane, Eric J.; Colclasure, Andrew M.
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 17
High-Voltage Cycling Induced Thermal Vulnerability in LiCoO 2 Cathode: Cation Loss and Oxygen Release Driven by Oxygen Vacancy Migration
journal, April 2020
- Sun, Congli; Liao, Xiaobin; Xia, Fanjie
- ACS Nano, Vol. 14, Issue 5
Rate-Dependent Aging Resulting from Fast Charging of Li-Ion Cells
journal, August 2020
- Raj, Abhi; Rodrigues, Marco-Tulio F.; Abraham, Daniel P.
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 167, Issue 12
Study of the corrosion behavior of LiFSI based electrolyte for Li-ion cells
journal, August 2021
- Wu, Xianyang; Du, Zhijia
- Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 129
Advanced Electrolytes for Fast‐Charging High‐Voltage Lithium‐Ion Batteries in Wide‐Temperature Range
journal, April 2020
- Zhang, Xianhui; Zou, Lianfeng; Xu, Yaobin
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 22
Quantification of heterogeneous, irreversible lithium plating in extreme fast charging of lithium-ion batteries
journal, January 2021
- Paul, Partha P.; Thampy, Vivek; Cao, Chuntian
- Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 14, Issue 9
Revisiting the Mechanism Behind Transition-Metal Dissolution from Delithiated LiNi x Mn y Co z O 2 (NMC) Cathodes
journal, January 2020
- Sahore, Ritu; O’Hanlon, Daniel C.; Tornheim, Adam
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 167, Issue 2
Enabling fast charging – A battery technology gap assessment
journal, November 2017
- Ahmed, Shabbir; Bloom, Ira; Jansen, Andrew N.
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 367
Extreme fast charge aging: Correlation between electrode scale and heterogeneous degradation in Ni-rich layered cathodes
journal, February 2022
- Yang, Zhenzhen; Charalambous, Harry; Lin, Yulin
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 521
Heterogeneous Behavior of Lithium Plating during Extreme Fast Charging
journal, July 2020
- Tanim, Tanvir R.; Paul, Partha P.; Thampy, Vivek
- Cell Reports Physical Science, Vol. 1, Issue 7
Asymmetric Temperature Modulation for Extreme Fast Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, December 2019
- Yang, Xiao-Guang; Liu, Teng; Gao, Yue
- Joule, Vol. 3, Issue 12
Online Monitoring of Transition-Metal Dissolution from a High-Ni-Content Cathode Material
journal, July 2021
- Wachs, Susanne J.; Behling, Christopher; Ranninger, Johanna
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 13, Issue 28
Extended cycle life implications of fast charging for lithium-ion battery cathode
journal, October 2021
- Tanim, Tanvir R.; Yang, Zhenzhen; Colclasure, Andrew M.
- Energy Storage Materials, Vol. 41
Mapping the architecture of single lithium ion electrode particles in 3D, using electron backscatter diffraction and machine learning segmentation
journal, January 2021
- Furat, Orkun; Finegan, Donal P.; Diercks, David
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 483
3D microstructure design of lithium-ion battery electrodes assisted by X-ray nano-computed tomography and modelling
journal, April 2020
- Lu, Xuekun; Bertei, Antonio; Finegan, Donal P.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Systematic analysis of electron energy-loss near-edge structures in Li-ion battery materials
journal, January 2018
- Saitoh, Motofumi; Gao, Xiang; Ogawa, Takafumi
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 38
Enabling fast charging – Introduction and overview
journal, November 2017
- Michelbacher, Christopher; Ahmed, Shabbir; Bloom, Ira
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 367
Understanding the Degradation Mechanisms of LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 Cathode Material in Lithium Ion Batteries
journal, August 2013
- Jung, Sung-Kyun; Gwon, Hyeokjo; Hong, Jihyun
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 1
Quantifying the influence of charge rate and cathode-particle architectures on degradation of Li-ion cells through 3D continuum-level damage models
journal, November 2021
- Allen, Jeffery M.; Weddle, Peter J.; Verma, Ankit
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 512
Fast Charging of Li-Ion Cells: Part II. Nonlinear Contributions to Cell and Electrode Polarization
journal, January 2019
- Shkrob, Ilya A.; Rodrigues, Marco-Tulio Fonseca; Dees, Dennis W.
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 14
Electrode scale and electrolyte transport effects on extreme fast charging of lithium-ion cells
journal, March 2020
- Colclasure, Andrew M.; Tanim, Tanvir R.; Jansen, Andrew N.
- Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 337
Transition-Metal Dissolution from NMC-Family Oxides: A Case Study
journal, February 2020
- Morin, Hannah R.; Graczyk, Donald G.; Tsai, Yifen
- ACS Applied Energy Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 3
Bulk and surface structural changes in high nickel cathodes subjected to fast charging conditions
journal, January 2020
- Liu, Tianyi; Du, Zhijia; Wu, Xianyang
- Chemical Communications, Vol. 56, Issue 51
Electrolyte Volume Effects on Electrochemical Performance and Solid Electrolyte Interphase in Si-Graphite/NMC Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells
journal, May 2017
- An, Seong Jin; Li, Jianlin; Daniel, Claus
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 9, Issue 22
Oxygen Release and Its Effect on the Cycling Stability of LiNi x Mn y Co z O 2 (NMC) Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries
journal, January 2017
- Jung, Roland; Metzger, Michael; Maglia, Filippo
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, Issue 7
Artificial generation of representative single Li-ion electrode particle architectures from microscopy data
journal, July 2021
- Furat, Orkun; Petrich, Lukas; Finegan, Donal P.
- npj Computational Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 1