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Title: Investigation on capacity loss mechanisms of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical indentation conditions

Abstract

Capacity loss was observed in Li-ion cells after mechanical deformation approaching the onset of internal short circuit (ISCr). In this paper, a series of indentation tests were carried out on commercial Li-ion cells of three capacities (500, 1500 and 2000 mAh). Both in-situ and ex-situ methods were used to investigate the mechanisms of indentation-induced capacity loss. We note after indentation test, the cell capacity reduced by 0.5%–6% of its original value. The incremental capacity (IC) analysis results showed that IC curves generally shifted to lower voltage region, indicating the increase in cell internal resistance. In addition, the fitting results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) indicated that mechanical indentation can result in a reduction in ohmic resistance and the increase in polarization resistance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray computed tomography (XCT) results showed crushing of graphite, mud cracking of copper current collectors and enlarged pores in separator, which is proposed to be the main reasons for the increase in polarization resistance and permanent capacity loss. The rapid capacity loss due to mechanical abuse was compared with the long-term capacity fading.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3]; ORCiD logo [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [2];  [4]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Beijing Inst. of Technology (China); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
  2. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  3. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
  4. Beijing Inst. of Technology (China)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); China Scholarship Council (CSC)
OSTI Identifier:
1619013
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1617967
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of Power Sources
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 465; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0378-7753
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
25 ENERGY STORAGE; Lithium-ion cells; Capacity loss; Mechanical indentation; Safety; Internal short circuit

Citation Formats

Zhu, Xiaoqing, Wang, Hsin, Allu, Srikanth, Gao, Yanfei, Cakmak, Ercan, Hopkins, Emma J., Veith, Gabriel M., and Wang, Zhenpo. Investigation on capacity loss mechanisms of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical indentation conditions. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228314.
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Zhu, Xiaoqing, Wang, Hsin, Allu, Srikanth, Gao, Yanfei, Cakmak, Ercan, Hopkins, Emma J., Veith, Gabriel M., & Wang, Zhenpo. Investigation on capacity loss mechanisms of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical indentation conditions. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228314
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Zhu, Xiaoqing, Wang, Hsin, Allu, Srikanth, Gao, Yanfei, Cakmak, Ercan, Hopkins, Emma J., Veith, Gabriel M., and Wang, Zhenpo. Wed . "Investigation on capacity loss mechanisms of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical indentation conditions". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228314. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1619013.
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@article{osti_1619013,
title = {Investigation on capacity loss mechanisms of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical indentation conditions},
author = {Zhu, Xiaoqing and Wang, Hsin and Allu, Srikanth and Gao, Yanfei and Cakmak, Ercan and Hopkins, Emma J. and Veith, Gabriel M. and Wang, Zhenpo},
abstractNote = {Capacity loss was observed in Li-ion cells after mechanical deformation approaching the onset of internal short circuit (ISCr). In this paper, a series of indentation tests were carried out on commercial Li-ion cells of three capacities (500, 1500 and 2000 mAh). Both in-situ and ex-situ methods were used to investigate the mechanisms of indentation-induced capacity loss. We note after indentation test, the cell capacity reduced by 0.5%–6% of its original value. The incremental capacity (IC) analysis results showed that IC curves generally shifted to lower voltage region, indicating the increase in cell internal resistance. In addition, the fitting results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) indicated that mechanical indentation can result in a reduction in ohmic resistance and the increase in polarization resistance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray computed tomography (XCT) results showed crushing of graphite, mud cracking of copper current collectors and enlarged pores in separator, which is proposed to be the main reasons for the increase in polarization resistance and permanent capacity loss. The rapid capacity loss due to mechanical abuse was compared with the long-term capacity fading.},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228314},
journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
number = C,
volume = 465,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed May 06 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Wed May 06 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228314
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