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Title: Internal short circuit and failure mechanisms of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical indentation abuse conditions: An experimental study

Abstract

Electromechanical structural integrity and thermal stability dictate the safety performance of lithium-ion batteries. Progressive deformation and failure across microscopic and macroscopic lengths scales that are responsible for internal short circuit (ISC) in lithium-ion cells under mechanical abuse conditions remains elusive. In this study, a series of indentation tests were conducted on lithium-ion cells with different capacities up to the occurrence of ISC. The external response and internal configuration of these cells were investigated. It is discovered that cells with different capacities and state of charges exhibited different behaviors. Maximum temperature, which is often regarded as the most important parameter related to thermal runaway (TR), varied considerably due to the complicated contact configurations. X-ray computed tomography (XCT) showed that ISC was a collective result of shear band or other strain-localization modes in the electrode assembly, shear offsets in the granular coatings of electrodes, and the accompanying ductile fracture in the metal foils. We believe that the irregular strain-localization modes (kinks, cusps, and buckles), radical mismatches in mechanical properties of different layers, and geometric features of the indenter eventually lead to the tearing/puncture of cell separator at various locations. Furthermore, the results could provide useful guidance for the micromechanical modeling of lithium-ionmore » cells.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3];  [3]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [2];  [4]
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Beijing Inst. of Technology (China); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
  2. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  3. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
  4. Beijing Inst. of Technology (China)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Electricity (OE)
OSTI Identifier:
1615194
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1603703
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of Power Sources
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 455; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0378-7753
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
25 ENERGY STORAGE; internal short circuit; lithium-ion cells; mechanical deformation; failure mechanisms

Citation Formats

Zhu, Xiaoqing, Wang, Hsin, Wang, Xue, Gao, Yanfei, Allu, Srikanth, Cakmak, Ercan, and Wang, Zhenpo. Internal short circuit and failure mechanisms of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical indentation abuse conditions: An experimental study. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.227939.
Zhu, Xiaoqing, Wang, Hsin, Wang, Xue, Gao, Yanfei, Allu, Srikanth, Cakmak, Ercan, & Wang, Zhenpo. Internal short circuit and failure mechanisms of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical indentation abuse conditions: An experimental study. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.227939
Zhu, Xiaoqing, Wang, Hsin, Wang, Xue, Gao, Yanfei, Allu, Srikanth, Cakmak, Ercan, and Wang, Zhenpo. Thu . "Internal short circuit and failure mechanisms of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical indentation abuse conditions: An experimental study". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.227939. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1615194.
@article{osti_1615194,
title = {Internal short circuit and failure mechanisms of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical indentation abuse conditions: An experimental study},
author = {Zhu, Xiaoqing and Wang, Hsin and Wang, Xue and Gao, Yanfei and Allu, Srikanth and Cakmak, Ercan and Wang, Zhenpo},
abstractNote = {Electromechanical structural integrity and thermal stability dictate the safety performance of lithium-ion batteries. Progressive deformation and failure across microscopic and macroscopic lengths scales that are responsible for internal short circuit (ISC) in lithium-ion cells under mechanical abuse conditions remains elusive. In this study, a series of indentation tests were conducted on lithium-ion cells with different capacities up to the occurrence of ISC. The external response and internal configuration of these cells were investigated. It is discovered that cells with different capacities and state of charges exhibited different behaviors. Maximum temperature, which is often regarded as the most important parameter related to thermal runaway (TR), varied considerably due to the complicated contact configurations. X-ray computed tomography (XCT) showed that ISC was a collective result of shear band or other strain-localization modes in the electrode assembly, shear offsets in the granular coatings of electrodes, and the accompanying ductile fracture in the metal foils. We believe that the irregular strain-localization modes (kinks, cusps, and buckles), radical mismatches in mechanical properties of different layers, and geometric features of the indenter eventually lead to the tearing/puncture of cell separator at various locations. Furthermore, the results could provide useful guidance for the micromechanical modeling of lithium-ion cells.},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.227939},
journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
number = C,
volume = 455,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Mar 05 00:00:00 EST 2020},
month = {Thu Mar 05 00:00:00 EST 2020}
}

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Cited by: 80 works
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