Scaling, rotation, and channeling behavior of helical and skyrmion spin textures in thin films of Te-doped Cu 2 OSeO 3

Han, M. -G.; Garlow, J. A.; Kharkov, Y.; Camacho, L.; Rov, R.; Sauceda, J.; Vats, G.; Kisslinger, K.; Kato, T.; Sushkov, O.; Zhu, Y.; Ulrich, C.; Söhnel, T.; Seidel, J.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax2138

Title: Scaling, rotation, and channeling behavior of helical and skyrmion spin textures in thin films of Te-doped Cu ₂ OSeO ₃

Abstract

Topologically nontrivial spin textures such as vortices, skyrmions, and monopoles are promising candidates as information carriers for future quantum information science. Their controlled manipulation including creation and annihilation remains an important challenge toward practical applications and further exploration of their emergent phenomena. Here, we report controlled evolution of the helical and skyrmion phases in thin films of multiferroic Te-doped Cu₂OSeO₃ as a function of material thickness, dopant, temperature, and magnetic field using in situ Lorentz phase microscopy. We report two previously unknown phenomena in chiral spin textures in multiferroic Cu₂OSeO₃: anisotropic scaling and channeling with a fixed-Q state. The skyrmion channeling effectively suppresses the recently reported second skyrmion phase formation at low temperature. Our study provides a viable way toward controlled manipulation of skyrmion lattices, envisaging chirality-controlled skyrmion flow circuits and enabling precise measurement of emergent electromagnetic induction and topological Hall effects in skyrmion lattices.

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]; Kharkov, Y. ^[2];

^[3];

^[4];

^[2];

^[5]; Kato, T. ^[6]; Sushkov, O. ^[2];

^[1];

^[2];

^[4];

^[2]

Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Dept.
Univ. of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW (Australia)
Univ. of Auckland (New Zealand)
Univ. of Auckland (New Zealand); Victoria Univ. of Wellington, Wellington (New Zealand). MacDiarmid Inst. of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN)
Nanostructures Research Lab., Nagoya (Japan). Japan Fine Ceramics Center

Publication Date:: Fri Mar 27 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Australian Research Council (ARC)

OSTI Identifier:: 1616435

Report Number(s):: BNL-214879-2020-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 2375-2548; TRN: US2106448

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Science Advances

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 6; Journal Issue: 13; Journal ID: ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAAS

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; vortices; skyrmions; monopoles

Citation Formats


                    Han, M. -G., Garlow, J. A., Kharkov, Y., Camacho, L., Rov, R., Sauceda, J., Vats, G., Kisslinger, K., Kato, T., Sushkov, O., Zhu, Y., Ulrich, C., Söhnel, T., and Seidel, J. Scaling, rotation, and channeling behavior of helical and skyrmion spin textures in thin films of Te-doped Cu 2 OSeO 3.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax2138.

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                    Han, M. -G., Garlow, J. A., Kharkov, Y., Camacho, L., Rov, R., Sauceda, J., Vats, G., Kisslinger, K., Kato, T., Sushkov, O., Zhu, Y., Ulrich, C., Söhnel, T., & Seidel, J. Scaling, rotation, and channeling behavior of helical and skyrmion spin textures in thin films of Te-doped Cu 2 OSeO 3.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax2138

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                    Han, M. -G., Garlow, J. A., Kharkov, Y., Camacho, L., Rov, R., Sauceda, J., Vats, G., Kisslinger, K., Kato, T., Sushkov, O., Zhu, Y., Ulrich, C., Söhnel, T., and Seidel, J. Fri .  
"Scaling, rotation, and channeling behavior of helical and skyrmion spin textures in thin films of Te-doped Cu 2 OSeO 3".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax2138.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1616435.

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@article{osti_1616435,

  title        = {Scaling, rotation, and channeling behavior of helical and skyrmion spin textures in thin films of Te-doped Cu 2 OSeO 3},

  author       = {Han, M. -G. and Garlow, J. A. and Kharkov, Y. and Camacho, L. and Rov, R. and Sauceda, J. and Vats, G. and Kisslinger, K. and Kato, T. and Sushkov, O. and Zhu, Y. and Ulrich, C. and Söhnel, T. and Seidel, J.},

  abstractNote = {Topologically nontrivial spin textures such as vortices, skyrmions, and monopoles are promising candidates as information carriers for future quantum information science. Their controlled manipulation including creation and annihilation remains an important challenge toward practical applications and further exploration of their emergent phenomena. Here, we report controlled evolution of the helical and skyrmion phases in thin films of multiferroic Te-doped Cu2OSeO3 as a function of material thickness, dopant, temperature, and magnetic field using in situ Lorentz phase microscopy. We report two previously unknown phenomena in chiral spin textures in multiferroic Cu2OSeO3: anisotropic scaling and channeling with a fixed-Q state. The skyrmion channeling effectively suppresses the recently reported second skyrmion phase formation at low temperature. Our study provides a viable way toward controlled manipulation of skyrmion lattices, envisaging chirality-controlled skyrmion flow circuits and enabling precise measurement of emergent electromagnetic induction and topological Hall effects in skyrmion lattices.},

  doi          = {10.1126/sciadv.aax2138},

  journal      = {Science Advances},

  number       = 13,

  volume       = 6,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Mar 27 00:00:00 EDT 2020},

  month        = {Fri Mar 27 00:00:00 EDT 2020}

}

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Title: Scaling, rotation, and channeling behavior of helical and skyrmion spin textures in thin films of Te-doped Cu 2 OSeO 3

Abstract

Citation Formats

Spin Transfer Torques in MnSi at Ultralow Current Densities journal, December 2010

Multiple low-temperature skyrmionic states in a bulk chiral magnet journal, April 2019

Edge-mediated skyrmion chain and its collective dynamics in a confined geometry journal, October 2015

Magnetochiral nonreciprocity of volume spin wave propagation in chiral-lattice ferromagnets journal, June 2016

Towards control of the size and helicity of skyrmions in helimagnetic alloys by spin–orbit coupling journal, September 2013

Skyrmions on the track journal, March 2013

Thermodynamically stable magnetic vortex states in magnetic crystals journal, December 1994

Edge instabilities and skyrmion creation in magnetic layers journal, June 2016

Nanoscale magnetic skyrmions in metallic films and multilayers: a new twist for spintronics journal, June 2016

On the transport of intensity technique for phase retrieval journal, December 2004

Observation of room-temperature magnetic skyrmions and their current-driven dynamics in ultrathin metallic ferromagnets journal, February 2016

Increased lifetime of metastable skyrmions by controlled doping journal, July 2019

Multiferroicity and skyrmions carrying electric polarization in GaV 4 S 8 journal, November 2015

Magnetic skyrmions: from fundamental to applications journal, September 2016

Observation of stable Néel skyrmions in cobalt/palladium multilayers with Lorentz transmission electron microscopy journal, March 2017

Skyrmion Gas Manipulation for Probabilistic Computing journal, June 2018

OLEX2 : a complete structure solution, refinement and analysis program journal, January 2009

The effect of Se/Te ratio on transient absorption behavior and nonlinear absorption properties of CuIn0.7Ga0.3(Se1−xTex)2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) amorphous semiconductor thin films journal, November 2017

Voltage controlled core reversal of fixed magnetic skyrmions without a magnetic field journal, August 2016

Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy in the Electron Microscope book, January 2011

Observation of two independent skyrmion phases in a chiral magnetic material journal, June 2018

New magnetic phase of the chiral skyrmion material Cu 2 OSeO 3 journal, September 2018

Unexpected observation of splitting of skyrmion phase in Zn doped Cu2OSeO3 journal, September 2015

Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal journal, June 2010

Quantification of Mixed Bloch-Néel Topological Spin Textures Stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in Co / Pd Multilayers journal, June 2019

Observation of the magnetic flux and three-dimensional structure of skyrmion lattices by electron holography journal, April 2014

Noncentrosymmetric Magnets Hosting Magnetic Skyrmions journal, March 2017

Surface damage induced by focused-ion-beam milling in a Si/Si p–n junction cross-sectional specimen journal, February 2005

Additive interfacial chiral interaction in multilayers for stabilization of small individual skyrmions at room temperature journal, January 2016

A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature journal, July 2015

Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet journal, February 2009

The Skyrmion Switch: Turning Magnetic Skyrmion Bubbles on and off with an Electric Field journal, April 2017

Edge states and skyrmion dynamics in nanostripes of frustrated magnets journal, February 2017

Unwinding of a Skyrmion Lattice by Magnetic Monopoles journal, May 2013

Creation of Skyrmions by Electric Field on Chiral-Lattice Magnetic Insulators journal, October 2015

A strategy for the design of skyrmion racetrack memories journal, October 2014

Control of morphology and formation of highly geometrically confined magnetic skyrmions journal, June 2017

Skyrmion lattice in the doped semiconductor Fe 1 − x Co x Si journal, January 2010

Skyrmion flow near room temperature in an ultralow current density journal, January 2012

Single skyrmions spotted journal, June 2010

Crystal structure refinement with SHELXL journal, January 2015

Spontaneous skyrmion ground states in magnetic metals journal, August 2006

Electric-field-driven switching of individual magnetic skyrmions journal, November 2016

Magnetic skyrmions: advances in physics and potential applications journal, June 2017

Uniaxial stress control of skyrmion phase journal, October 2015

A unified field theory of mesons and baryons journal, March 1962

Magnetic Domain-Wall Racetrack Memory journal, April 2008

Observation of Skyrmions in a Multiferroic Material journal, April 2012

A straightforward specimen holder modification for remnant magnetic-field measurement in TEM journal, April 2007

Electric control of skyrmions journal, November 2016

On the transport of intensity technique for phase retrieval journal, December 2004

A straightforward specimen holder modification for remnant magnetic-field measurement in TEM journal, April 2007

The Skyrmion Switch: Turning Magnetic Skyrmion Bubbles on and off with an Electric Field journal, April 2017

Nanoscale magnetic skyrmions in metallic films and multilayers: a new twist for spintronics journal, June 2016

Skyrmion flow near room temperature in an ultralow current density journal, January 2012

Edge-mediated skyrmion chain and its collective dynamics in a confined geometry journal, October 2015

Uniaxial stress control of skyrmion phase journal, October 2015

Towards control of the size and helicity of skyrmions in helimagnetic alloys by spin–orbit coupling journal, September 2013

Observation of the magnetic flux and three-dimensional structure of skyrmion lattices by electron holography journal, April 2014

Additive interfacial chiral interaction in multilayers for stabilization of small individual skyrmions at room temperature journal, January 2016

Magnetic skyrmions: from fundamental to applications journal, September 2016

Extended skyrmion lattice scattering and long-time memory in the chiral magnet Fe 1 − x Co x Si journal, September 2016

Multiferroicity and skyrmions carrying electric polarization in GaV 4 S 8 journal, November 2015

Magnetic Domain-Wall Racetrack Memory journal, April 2008

Observation of Skyrmions in a Multiferroic Material journal, April 2012

Unwinding of a Skyrmion Lattice by Magnetic Monopoles journal, May 2013

Spin Transfer Torques in MnSi at Ultra-low Current Densities text, January 2010

A strategy for the design of skyrmion racetrack memories preprint, January 2014

A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature text, January 2015

Voltage controlled core reversal of fixed magnetic skyrmions without a magnetic field text, January 2016

Spontaneous Skyrmion Ground States in Magnetic Metals text, January 2006

Title: Scaling, rotation, and channeling behavior of helical and skyrmion spin textures in thin films of Te-doped Cu ₂ OSeO ₃

Spin Transfer Torques in MnSi at Ultralow Current Densities
journal, December 2010

Multiple low-temperature skyrmionic states in a bulk chiral magnet
journal, April 2019

Edge-mediated skyrmion chain and its collective dynamics in a confined geometry
journal, October 2015

Magnetochiral nonreciprocity of volume spin wave propagation in chiral-lattice ferromagnets
journal, June 2016

Towards control of the size and helicity of skyrmions in helimagnetic alloys by spin–orbit coupling
journal, September 2013

Skyrmions on the track
journal, March 2013

Thermodynamically stable magnetic vortex states in magnetic crystals
journal, December 1994

Edge instabilities and skyrmion creation in magnetic layers
journal, June 2016

Nanoscale magnetic skyrmions in metallic films and multilayers: a new twist for spintronics
journal, June 2016

On the transport of intensity technique for phase retrieval
journal, December 2004

Observation of room-temperature magnetic skyrmions and their current-driven dynamics in ultrathin metallic ferromagnets
journal, February 2016

Increased lifetime of metastable skyrmions by controlled doping
journal, July 2019

Multiferroicity and skyrmions carrying electric polarization in GaV ₄ S ₈
journal, November 2015

Magnetic skyrmions: from fundamental to applications
journal, September 2016

Observation of stable Néel skyrmions in cobalt/palladium multilayers with Lorentz transmission electron microscopy
journal, March 2017

Skyrmion Gas Manipulation for Probabilistic Computing
journal, June 2018

OLEX2 : a complete structure solution, refinement and analysis program
journal, January 2009

The effect of Se/Te ratio on transient absorption behavior and nonlinear absorption properties of CuIn0.7Ga0.3(Se1−xTex)2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) amorphous semiconductor thin films
journal, November 2017

Voltage controlled core reversal of fixed magnetic skyrmions without a magnetic field
journal, August 2016

Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy in the Electron Microscope
book, January 2011

Observation of two independent skyrmion phases in a chiral magnetic material
journal, June 2018

New magnetic phase of the chiral skyrmion material Cu ₂ OSeO ₃
journal, September 2018

Unexpected observation of splitting of skyrmion phase in Zn doped Cu2OSeO3
journal, September 2015

Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal
journal, June 2010

Quantification of Mixed Bloch-Néel Topological Spin Textures Stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in $Co / Pd$ Multilayers
journal, June 2019

Observation of the magnetic flux and three-dimensional structure of skyrmion lattices by electron holography
journal, April 2014

Noncentrosymmetric Magnets Hosting Magnetic Skyrmions
journal, March 2017

Surface damage induced by focused-ion-beam milling in a Si/Si p–n junction cross-sectional specimen
journal, February 2005

Additive interfacial chiral interaction in multilayers for stabilization of small individual skyrmions at room temperature
journal, January 2016

A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature
journal, July 2015

Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet
journal, February 2009

The Skyrmion Switch: Turning Magnetic Skyrmion Bubbles on and off with an Electric Field
journal, April 2017

Edge states and skyrmion dynamics in nanostripes of frustrated magnets
journal, February 2017

Unwinding of a Skyrmion Lattice by Magnetic Monopoles
journal, May 2013

Creation of Skyrmions by Electric Field on Chiral-Lattice Magnetic Insulators
journal, October 2015

A strategy for the design of skyrmion racetrack memories
journal, October 2014

Control of morphology and formation of highly geometrically confined magnetic skyrmions
journal, June 2017

Skyrmion lattice in the doped semiconductor ${Fe}_{1 - x} {Co}_{x} Si$
journal, January 2010

Skyrmion flow near room temperature in an ultralow current density
journal, January 2012

Single skyrmions spotted
journal, June 2010

Crystal structure refinement with SHELXL
journal, January 2015

Spontaneous skyrmion ground states in magnetic metals
journal, August 2006

Electric-field-driven switching of individual magnetic skyrmions
journal, November 2016

Magnetic skyrmions: advances in physics and potential applications
journal, June 2017

Uniaxial stress control of skyrmion phase
journal, October 2015

A unified field theory of mesons and baryons
journal, March 1962

Magnetic Domain-Wall Racetrack Memory
journal, April 2008

Observation of Skyrmions in a Multiferroic Material
journal, April 2012

A straightforward specimen holder modification for remnant magnetic-field measurement in TEM
journal, April 2007

Electric control of skyrmions
journal, November 2016

On the transport of intensity technique for phase retrieval
journal, December 2004

A straightforward specimen holder modification for remnant magnetic-field measurement in TEM
journal, April 2007

The Skyrmion Switch: Turning Magnetic Skyrmion Bubbles on and off with an Electric Field
journal, April 2017

Nanoscale magnetic skyrmions in metallic films and multilayers: a new twist for spintronics
journal, June 2016

Skyrmion flow near room temperature in an ultralow current density
journal, January 2012

Edge-mediated skyrmion chain and its collective dynamics in a confined geometry
journal, October 2015

Uniaxial stress control of skyrmion phase
journal, October 2015

Towards control of the size and helicity of skyrmions in helimagnetic alloys by spin–orbit coupling
journal, September 2013

Observation of the magnetic flux and three-dimensional structure of skyrmion lattices by electron holography
journal, April 2014

Additive interfacial chiral interaction in multilayers for stabilization of small individual skyrmions at room temperature
journal, January 2016

Magnetic skyrmions: from fundamental to applications
journal, September 2016

Extended skyrmion lattice scattering and long-time memory in the chiral magnet ${Fe}_{1 - x} {Co}_{x} Si$
journal, September 2016

Multiferroicity and skyrmions carrying electric polarization in GaV ₄ S ₈
journal, November 2015

Magnetic Domain-Wall Racetrack Memory
journal, April 2008

Observation of Skyrmions in a Multiferroic Material
journal, April 2012

Unwinding of a Skyrmion Lattice by Magnetic Monopoles
journal, May 2013

Spin Transfer Torques in MnSi at Ultra-low Current Densities
text, January 2010

A strategy for the design of skyrmion racetrack memories
preprint, January 2014

A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature
text, January 2015

Voltage controlled core reversal of fixed magnetic skyrmions without a magnetic field
text, January 2016

Spontaneous Skyrmion Ground States in Magnetic Metals
text, January 2006