Title: Growth Optimization and Device Integration of Narrow‐Bandgap Graphene Nanoribbons

Abstract

Abstract The electronic, optical, and magnetic properties of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) can be engineered by controlling their edge structure and width with atomic precision through bottom‐up fabrication based on molecular precursors. This approach offers a unique platform for all‐carbon electronic devices but requires careful optimization of the growth conditions to match structural requirements for successful device integration, with GNR length being the most critical parameter. In this work, the growth, characterization, and device integration of 5‐atom wide armchair GNRs (5‐AGNRs) are studied, which are expected to have an optimal bandgap as active material in switching devices. 5‐AGNRs are obtained via on‐surface synthesis under ultrahigh vacuum conditions from Br‐ and I‐substituted precursors. It is shown that the use of I‐substituted precursors and the optimization of the initial precursor coverage quintupled the average 5‐AGNR length. This significant length increase allowed the integration of 5‐AGNRs into devices and the realization of the first field‐effect transistor based on narrow bandgap AGNRs that shows switching behavior at room temperature. The study highlights that the optimized growth protocols can successfully bridge between the sub‐nanometer scale, where atomic precision is needed to control the electronic properties, and the scale of tens of nanometers relevant for successful device integrationmore » of GNRs.« less

Authors:

Borin Barin, Gabriela  ^[1];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-1069-6182"

Sun, Qiang ^[1]; Di Giovannantonio, Marco  ^[1];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-8658-9183"

Du, Cheng‐Zhuo ^[2]; Wang, Xiao‐Ye  ^[2];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0003-3540-0277"

Llinas, Juan Pablo  ^[3];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-7148-8064"

Mutlu, Zafer  ^[3];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-2804-8618"

Lin, Yuxuan  ^[3];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0003-0638-2620"

Wilhelm, Jan  ^[4];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-8678-8246"

Overbeck, Jan  ^[1];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-6401-2930"

Daniels, Colin  ^[5];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-3512-7146"

Lamparski, Michael  ^[5];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0003-3800-6793"

Sahabudeen, Hafeesudeen  ^[6];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-6015-2805"

Perrin, Mickael L.  ^[1];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0003-3172-889X"

Urgel, José I.  ^[1];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-7608-2979"

Mishra, Shantanu  ^[1];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-2900-4203"

Kinikar, Amogh ^[1]; Widmer, Roland  ^[1];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-9226-3136"

Stolz, Samuel  ^[1];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-3597-680X"

Bommert, Max ^[1] more »; Pignedoli, Carlo  ^[1];

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Feng, Xinliang  ^[6];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0003-3885-2703"

Calame, Michel  ^[1];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-7467-9915"

Müllen, Klaus  ^[7];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-6630-8786"

Narita, Akimitsu  ^[8];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-3625-522X"

Meunier, Vincent  ^[5];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-7013-179X"

Bokor, Jeffrey  ^[3];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-4541-0156"

Fasel, Roman  ^[9];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-1553-6487"

Ruffieux, Pascal  ^[1]

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-5729-5354"

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Dübendorf 8600 Switzerland
2. State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
3. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
4. Institute of Theoretical Physics University of Regensburg D‐93053 Regensburg Germany
5. Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY 12180 USA
6. Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry TU Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
7. Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research 55128 Mainz Germany, Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg‐Universität Mainz 55128 Mainz Germany
8. Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research 55128 Mainz Germany, Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University 1919‐1 Tancha Onna‐son Okinawa 904‐0495 Japan
9. Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Dübendorf 8600 Switzerland, Department of Chemistry Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Bern Bern 3012 Switzerland

Publication Date:

Fri Jun 17 00:00:00 EDT 2022

Research Org.:

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Molecular Foundry

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:

1872797

Alternate Identifier(s):

OSTI ID: 1872798; OSTI ID: 1981444

Grant/Contract Number:  

DE‐AC02‐05CH11231; AC02-05CH11231

Resource Type:

Published Article

Journal Name:

Small

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Name: Small Journal Volume: 18 Journal Issue: 31; Journal ID: ISSN 1613-6810

Publisher:

Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)

Country of Publication:

Germany

Language:

English

Subject:

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; field-effect transistors; graphene nanoribbons; on-surface synthesis; Raman spectroscopy; scanning tunneling microscopy; temperature-programmed x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy