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Title: Gemini Planet Imager Spectroscopy of the Dusty Substellar Companion HD 206893 B

Abstract

In this paper, we present new near-infrared Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) spectroscopy of HD 206893 B, a substellar companion orbiting within the debris disk of its F5V star. The J, H, K1, and K2 spectra from GPI demonstrate the extraordinarily red colors of the object, confirming it as the reddest substellar object observed to date. The significant flux increase throughout the infrared presents a challenging atmosphere to model with existing grids. Best-fit values vary from 1200 to 1800 K for effective temperature and from 3.0 to 5.0 for log(g), depending on which individual wavelength band is fit and which model suite is applied. The extreme redness of the companion can be partially reconciled by invoking a high-altitude layer of submicron dust particles, similar to dereddening approaches applied to the peculiar red field L dwarf population. However, reconciling the HD 206893 B spectra with even those of the reddest low-gravity L dwarf spectra still requires the contribution of additional atmospheric dust, potentially due to the debris disk environment in which the companion resides. Orbit fitting from 4 yr of astrometric monitoring is consistent with a ~30 yr period, an orbital inclination of 147°, and a semimajor axis of 10 au, wellmore » within the estimated disk inner radius of ~50 au. As one of a very few substellar companions imaged interior to a circumstellar disk, the properties of this system offer important dynamical constraints on companion–disk interaction and provide a benchmark for substellar and planetary atmospheric study.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [4]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [9]; ORCiD logo [10];  [11]; ORCiD logo [12]; ORCiD logo [13]; ORCiD logo [14]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [15]; ORCiD logo [16]; ORCiD logo [17]; ORCiD logo [18]; ORCiD logo [9] more »; ORCiD logo [19]; ORCiD logo [11];  [20]; ORCiD logo [21]; ORCiD logo [22]; ORCiD logo [23]; ORCiD logo [24];  [21]; ORCiD logo [25]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [26]; ORCiD logo [27]; ORCiD logo [28]; ORCiD logo [29]; ORCiD logo [22];  [29]; ORCiD logo [30]; ORCiD logo [31]; ORCiD logo [32]; ORCiD logo [16]; ORCiD logo [33]; ORCiD logo [15]; ORCiD logo [9];  [15];  [9]; ORCiD logo [34]; ORCiD logo [35]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [36]; ORCiD logo [37]; ORCiD logo [9]; ORCiD logo [11]; ORCiD logo [9];  [8]; ORCiD logo [27]; ORCiD logo [16]; ORCiD logo [38]; ORCiD logo [39] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Amherst College, MA (United States); Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
  2. Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
  3. Amherst College, MA (United States)
  4. Stanford Univ., CA (United States); European Southern Observatory, Santiago (Chile)
  5. Univ. Grenoble Alpes (France); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grenoble (France); Univ. of Montreal, QC (Canada)
  6. NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Mountain View, CA (United States)
  7. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  8. Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
  9. Space Telescope Science Inst., Baltimore, MD (United States)
  10. Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
  11. Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)
  12. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  13. Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  14. Univ. Grenoble Alpes (France); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  15. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  16. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
  17. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
  18. Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI (United States); National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), Hilo, HI (United States)
  19. Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)
  20. Univ. of Montreal, QC (Canada)
  21. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  22. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  23. Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States); National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON (Canada)
  24. Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI (United States)
  25. European Southern Observatory, Santiago (Chile)
  26. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO (United States)
  27. Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Tucson, AZ (United States)
  28. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); SETI Inst., Mountain View, CA (United States)
  29. Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
  30. SETI Inst., Mountain View, CA (United States)
  31. National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON (Canada); Univ. of Victoria, BC (Canada)
  32. Univ. of Western Ontario, London, ON (Canada); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)
  33. American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), New York, NY (United States)
  34. Gemini Observatory, La Serena (Chile)
  35. Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)
  36. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)
  37. US Naval Observatory, Flagstaff Station, Flagstaff, AZ (United States); George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA (United States)
  38. The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA (United States)
  39. Leiden Univ. (Netherlands)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
National Science Foundation (NSF); National Research Council Canada (NRC); Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT); Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (MINCYT); Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (MCTI); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO); Fonds de Recherche du Quebec; Heising-Simons Foundation; USDOE Office of Science (SC)
OSTI Identifier:
1760567
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1836923
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-19-29876; LLNL-JRNL-829711
Journal ID: ISSN 1538-3881; TRN: US2205748
Grant/Contract Number:  
89233218CNA000001; AC02-05CH11231; ACI-1548562; AST-1411868; AST-141378; AST-1518332; NNX14AJ80G; NNX15AC89G; NNX15AD95G; NN15AB52l; NNX16AD44G; SOSPA3-007; NNH15AZ59I; 51378.01-A; NAS5-26555; AC52-07NA27344
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astronomical Journal (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astronomical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 161; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-3881
Publisher:
IOP Publishing - AAAS
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Substellar companion stars; Brown dwarfs; Debris disks; Exoplanet atmospheric composition; Orbit determination

Citation Formats

Ward-Duong, K., Patience, J., Follette, K., Rosa, R. De, Rameau, J., Marley, M., Saumon, Didier, Nielsen, E. L., Rajan, A., Greenbaum, A. Z., Lee, J., Wang, J. J., Czekala, I., Duchêne, G., Macintosh, B., Ammons, S. Mark, Bailey, V. P., Barman, T., Bulger, J., Chen, C., Chilcote, J., Cotten, T., Doyon, R., Esposito, T. M., Fitzgerald, M. P., Gerard, B. L., Goodsell, S. J., Graham, J. R., Hibon, P., Hom, J., Hung, L.-W., Ingraham, P., Kalas, P., Konopacky, Q., Larkin, J. E., Maire, J., Marchis, F., Marois, C., Metchev, S., Millar-Blanchaer, M. A., Oppenheimer, R., Palmer, D., Perrin, M., Poyneer, L., Pueyo, L., Rantakyrö, F. T., Ren, B., Ruffio, J.-B., Savransky, D., Schneider, A. C., Sivaramakrishnan, A., Song, I., Soummer, R., Tallis, M., Thomas, S., Wallace, J. Kent, Wiktorowicz, S., and Wolff, S. Gemini Planet Imager Spectroscopy of the Dusty Substellar Companion HD 206893 B. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abc263.
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Ward-Duong, K., Patience, J., Follette, K., Rosa, R. De, Rameau, J., Marley, M., Saumon, Didier, Nielsen, E. L., Rajan, A., Greenbaum, A. Z., Lee, J., Wang, J. J., Czekala, I., Duchêne, G., Macintosh, B., Ammons, S. Mark, Bailey, V. P., Barman, T., Bulger, J., Chen, C., Chilcote, J., Cotten, T., Doyon, R., Esposito, T. M., Fitzgerald, M. P., Gerard, B. L., Goodsell, S. J., Graham, J. R., Hibon, P., Hom, J., Hung, L.-W., Ingraham, P., Kalas, P., Konopacky, Q., Larkin, J. E., Maire, J., Marchis, F., Marois, C., Metchev, S., Millar-Blanchaer, M. A., Oppenheimer, R., Palmer, D., Perrin, M., Poyneer, L., Pueyo, L., Rantakyrö, F. T., Ren, B., Ruffio, J.-B., Savransky, D., Schneider, A. C., Sivaramakrishnan, A., Song, I., Soummer, R., Tallis, M., Thomas, S., Wallace, J. Kent, Wiktorowicz, S., & Wolff, S. Gemini Planet Imager Spectroscopy of the Dusty Substellar Companion HD 206893 B. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abc263
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Ward-Duong, K., Patience, J., Follette, K., Rosa, R. De, Rameau, J., Marley, M., Saumon, Didier, Nielsen, E. L., Rajan, A., Greenbaum, A. Z., Lee, J., Wang, J. J., Czekala, I., Duchêne, G., Macintosh, B., Ammons, S. Mark, Bailey, V. P., Barman, T., Bulger, J., Chen, C., Chilcote, J., Cotten, T., Doyon, R., Esposito, T. M., Fitzgerald, M. P., Gerard, B. L., Goodsell, S. J., Graham, J. R., Hibon, P., Hom, J., Hung, L.-W., Ingraham, P., Kalas, P., Konopacky, Q., Larkin, J. E., Maire, J., Marchis, F., Marois, C., Metchev, S., Millar-Blanchaer, M. A., Oppenheimer, R., Palmer, D., Perrin, M., Poyneer, L., Pueyo, L., Rantakyrö, F. T., Ren, B., Ruffio, J.-B., Savransky, D., Schneider, A. C., Sivaramakrishnan, A., Song, I., Soummer, R., Tallis, M., Thomas, S., Wallace, J. Kent, Wiktorowicz, S., and Wolff, S. Wed . "Gemini Planet Imager Spectroscopy of the Dusty Substellar Companion HD 206893 B". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abc263. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1760567.
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@article{osti_1760567,
title = {Gemini Planet Imager Spectroscopy of the Dusty Substellar Companion HD 206893 B},
author = {Ward-Duong, K. and Patience, J. and Follette, K. and Rosa, R. De and Rameau, J. and Marley, M. and Saumon, Didier and Nielsen, E. L. and Rajan, A. and Greenbaum, A. Z. and Lee, J. and Wang, J. J. and Czekala, I. and Duchêne, G. and Macintosh, B. and Ammons, S. Mark and Bailey, V. P. and Barman, T. and Bulger, J. and Chen, C. and Chilcote, J. and Cotten, T. and Doyon, R. and Esposito, T. M. and Fitzgerald, M. P. and Gerard, B. L. and Goodsell, S. J. and Graham, J. R. and Hibon, P. and Hom, J. and Hung, L.-W. and Ingraham, P. and Kalas, P. and Konopacky, Q. and Larkin, J. E. and Maire, J. and Marchis, F. and Marois, C. and Metchev, S. and Millar-Blanchaer, M. A. and Oppenheimer, R. and Palmer, D. and Perrin, M. and Poyneer, L. and Pueyo, L. and Rantakyrö, F. T. and Ren, B. and Ruffio, J.-B. and Savransky, D. and Schneider, A. C. and Sivaramakrishnan, A. and Song, I. and Soummer, R. and Tallis, M. and Thomas, S. and Wallace, J. Kent and Wiktorowicz, S. and Wolff, S.},
abstractNote = {In this paper, we present new near-infrared Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) spectroscopy of HD 206893 B, a substellar companion orbiting within the debris disk of its F5V star. The J, H, K1, and K2 spectra from GPI demonstrate the extraordinarily red colors of the object, confirming it as the reddest substellar object observed to date. The significant flux increase throughout the infrared presents a challenging atmosphere to model with existing grids. Best-fit values vary from 1200 to 1800 K for effective temperature and from 3.0 to 5.0 for log(g), depending on which individual wavelength band is fit and which model suite is applied. The extreme redness of the companion can be partially reconciled by invoking a high-altitude layer of submicron dust particles, similar to dereddening approaches applied to the peculiar red field L dwarf population. However, reconciling the HD 206893 B spectra with even those of the reddest low-gravity L dwarf spectra still requires the contribution of additional atmospheric dust, potentially due to the debris disk environment in which the companion resides. Orbit fitting from 4 yr of astrometric monitoring is consistent with a ~30 yr period, an orbital inclination of 147°, and a semimajor axis of 10 au, well within the estimated disk inner radius of ~50 au. As one of a very few substellar companions imaged interior to a circumstellar disk, the properties of this system offer important dynamical constraints on companion–disk interaction and provide a benchmark for substellar and planetary atmospheric study.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-3881/abc263},
journal = {The Astronomical Journal (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 161,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Dec 02 00:00:00 EST 2020},
month = {Wed Dec 02 00:00:00 EST 2020}
}
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IMAGING OF A TRANSITIONAL DISK GAP IN REFLECTED LIGHT: INDICATIONS OF PLANET FORMATION AROUND THE YOUNG SOLAR ANALOG LkCa 15
journal, July 2010

THE SPITZER INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH DEBRIS DISK CATALOG. I. CONTINUUM ANALYSIS OF UNRESOLVED TARGETS
journal, March 2014

  • Chen, Christine H.; Mittal, Tushar; Kuchner, Marc
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 211, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/211/2/25

Discovery of Two Nearby Peculiar L Dwarfs from the 2MASS Proper‐Motion Survey: Young or Metal‐Rich?
journal, October 2008

  • Looper, Dagny L.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Cutri, Roc M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 686, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/591025

Precipitating Condensation Clouds in Substellar Atmospheres
journal, August 2001

  • Ackerman, Andrew S.; Marley, Mark S.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 556, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/321540

New evolutionary models for pre-main sequence and main sequence low-mass stars down to the hydrogen-burning limit
journal, April 2015

Accurate Astrometry and Photometry of Saturated and Coronagraphic Point Spread Functions
journal, August 2006

  • Marois, Christian; Lafreniere, David; Macintosh, Bruce
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 647, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/505191

Astrometry and Photometry with Coronagraphs
journal, August 2006

  • Sivaramakrishnan, Anand; Oppenheimer, Ben R.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 647, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/505192

In-depth study of moderately young but extremely red, very dusty substellar companion HD 206893B
journal, December 2017

Models of very-low-mass stars, brown dwarfs and exoplanets
journal, June 2012

  • Allard, F.; Homeier, D.; Freytag, B.
  • Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 370, Issue 1968
  • DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0269

Discoveries from a Near-Infrared Proper Motion Survey Using Multi-Epoch two Micron All-Sky Survey data
journal, August 2010

  • Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Looper, Dagny L.; Burgasser, Adam J.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 190, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/190/1/100

The Limiting Effects of Dust in Brown Dwarf Model Atmospheres
journal, July 2001

  • Allard, France; Hauschildt, Peter H.; Alexander, David R.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 556, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/321547

Evolutionary models for low-mass stars and brown dwarfs: Uncertainties and limits at very young ages
journal, February 2002

The International Deep Planet Survey: II. The frequency of directly imaged giant exoplanets with stellar mass⋆
journal, October 2016

Characterizing 51 Eri b from 1 to 5 μ m: A Partly Cloudy Exoplanet
journal, June 2017

  • Rajan, Abhijith; Rameau, Julien; Rosa, Robert J. De
  • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 154, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aa74db

A self-consistent, absolute isochronal age scale for young moving groups in the solar neighbourhood
journal, September 2015

  • Bell, Cameron P. M.; Mamajek, Eric E.; Naylor, Tim
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 454, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv1981

Gaia Data Release 2 : Summary of the contents and survey properties
journal, August 2018

THE MEASUREMENT, TREATMENT, AND IMPACT OF SPECTRAL COVARIANCE AND BAYESIAN PRIORS IN INTEGRAL -FIELD SPECTROSCOPY OF EXOPLANETS
journal, December 2016

Masses, Radii, and Cloud Properties of the hr 8799 Planets
journal, July 2012

The Mauna Kea Observatories Near‐Infrared Filter Set. II. Specifications for a New JHKL ′ M ′ Filter Set for Infrared Astronomy
journal, February 2002

  • Tokunaga, A. T.; Simons, D. A.; Vacca, W. D.
  • Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 114, Issue 792
  • DOI: 10.1086/338545

The Chemical Composition of the Sun
journal, September 2009

HD 106906 b: A PLANETARY-MASS COMPANION OUTSIDE A MASSIVE DEBRIS DISK
journal, December 2013

Exoplanet imaging with LOCI processing: photometry and astrometry with the new SOSIE pipeline
conference, July 2010

  • Marois, Christian; Macintosh, Bruce; Véran, Jean-Pierre
  • SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.857225

emcee : The MCMC Hammer
journal, March 2013

  • Foreman-Mackey, Daniel; Hogg, David W.; Lang, Dustin
  • Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 125, Issue 925
  • DOI: 10.1086/670067

Annular Groove Phase Mask Coronagraph
journal, November 2005

  • Mawet, D.; Riaud, P.; Absil, O.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 633, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/462409

Impact debris particles in Jupiter's stratosphere
journal, March 1995

67 Additional L Dwarfs Discovered by the Two Micron All Sky Survey
journal, July 2000

  • Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Reid, I. Neill; Liebert, James
  • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 120, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/301427

A TARGETED SEARCH FOR PECULIARLY RED L AND T DWARFS IN SDSS, 2MASS, AND WISE : DISCOVERY OF A POSSIBLE L7 MEMBER OF THE TW HYDRAE ASSOCIATION
journal, November 2015

Distances, Luminosities, and Temperatures of the Coldest Known Substellar Objects
journal, September 2013

Smoke and Dust Particles of Meteoric Origin in the Mesosphere and Stratosphere
journal, June 1980

Integral Field Spectroscopy of the Low-mass Companion HD 984 B with the Gemini Planet Imager
journal, March 2017

  • Johnson-Groh, Mara; Marois, Christian; De Rosa, Robert J.
  • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 153, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aa6480

Direct evidence of a sub-stellar companion around CT Chamaeleontis
journal, September 2008

The Gaia ultracool dwarf sample – II. Structure at the end of the main sequence
journal, March 2019

  • Smart, R. L.; Marocco, F.; Sarro, L. M.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 485, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz678

First direct detection of a polarized companion outside a resolved circumbinary disk around CS Chamaeleonis
journal, August 2018

Sonora 2018: Cloud-Free, Solar Composition, Solar C/O Substellar Atmosphere Models And Spectra
dataset, January 2018

A fast operator perturbation method for the solution of the special relativistic equation of radiative transfer in spherical symmetry
journal, June 1992

Dust in brown dwarfs and extra-solar planets: III. Testing synthetic spectra on observations
journal, March 2011

Angular Differential Imaging: A Powerful High‐Contrast Imaging Technique
journal, April 2006

  • Marois, Christian; Lafreniere, David; Doyon, Rene
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 641, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/500401

Population Properties of Brown Dwarf Analogs to Exoplanets
journal, July 2016

  • Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Riedel, Adric R.; Cruz, Kelle L.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 225, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/0067-0049/225/1/10

High-altitude water ice cloud formation on Mars controlled by interplanetary dust particles
journal, June 2019

Planets Around Low-Mass Stars (Palms). vi. Discovery of a Remarkably red Planetary-Mass Companion to the ab dor Moving Group Candidate 2mass J22362452+4751425
journal, December 2016

Solar Chemical Abundances Determined with a CO5BOLD 3D Model Atmosphere
journal, March 2010

A Statistical Survey of Peculiar L and T Dwarfs in SDSS, 2MASS, and WISE
journal, August 2017

  • Kellogg, Kendra; Metchev, Stanimir; Miles-Páez, Paulo A.
  • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 154, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aa83b0

Evolutionary models for cool brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets. The case of HD 209458
journal, April 2003

The formation of Jupiter by hybrid pebble–planetesimal accretion
journal, August 2018

The interstellar extinction law from 1 to 13 microns
journal, January 1985

  • Rieke, G. H.; Lebofsky, M. J.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 288
  • DOI: 10.1086/162827

Mesa Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (Mist). i. Solar-Scaled Models
journal, May 2016

Dust in brown dwarfs and extra-solar planets: I. Chemical composition and spectral appearance of quasi-static cloud layers
journal, April 2008

The highest resolution near infrared spectrum of the imaged planetary mass companion 2M1207 b
journal, July 2010

Discovery of a Substellar Companion to the Nearby Debris disk host hr 2562
journal, September 2016

  • Konopacky, Quinn M.; Rameau, Julien; Duchêne, Gaspard
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 829, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8205/829/1/L4

The relation between optical extinction and hydrogen column density in the Galaxy: Av– NH relation in the Galaxy
journal, December 2009

The Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. ii. Young Ultracool Field Dwarfs
journal, December 2016

  • Liu, Michael C.; Dupuy, Trent J.; Allers, Katelyn N.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 833, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/833/1/96

LkCa 15: A YOUNG EXOPLANET CAUGHT AT FORMATION?
journal, December 2011

ISPY – NaCo Imaging Survey for Planets around Young stars: Discovery of an M dwarf in the gap between HD 193571 and its debris ring⋆ ,⋆⋆
journal, July 2019

A Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Young Field Ultracool Dwarfs
journal, July 2013

Gemini planet imager observational calibrations VI: photometric and spectroscopic calibration for the integral field spectrograph
conference, July 2014

  • Maire, Jérôme; Ingraham, Patrick J.; De Rosa, Rob J.
  • SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2056732

A Unified Near‐Infrared Spectral Classification Scheme for T Dwarfs
journal, February 2006

  • Burgasser, Adam J.; Geballe, T. R.; Leggett, S. K.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 637, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/498563

A test of Pre-Main-Sequence Lithium Depletion Models
journal, February 2010

Jet kinematics of the quasar 4C+21.35 from observations with the KaVA very long baseline interferometry array
journal, April 2019

  • Lee, Taeseok; Trippe, Sascha; Kino, Motoki
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 486, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz970

Sonora 2018: Cloud-Free, Solar Composition, Solar C/O Substellar Atmosphere Models And Spectra
dataset, January 2018

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