Avalanches and Criticality in Driven Magnetic Skyrmions

Díaz, Sebastian A.; Reichhardt, Charles; Arovas, Daniel P.; Saxena, Avadh Behari; Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane O.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.117203

Title: Avalanches and Criticality in Driven Magnetic Skyrmions

Journal Article · 15 March 2018 · Physical Review Letters

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.117203 · OSTI ID:1524385

Díaz, Sebastian A. ^[1];

^[2]; Arovas, Daniel P. ^[3];

^[2];

^[2]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States); Univ. of Basel (Switzerland)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)

We demonstrate using numerical simulations that slowly driven Skyrmions interacting with random pinning move via correlated jumps or avalanches. The avalanches display power-law distributions in their duration and size, and the average avalanche shape for different avalanche durations can be scaled to a universal function, in agreement with theoretical predictions for systems in a nonequilibrium critical state. A distinctive feature of Skyrmions is the influence of the nondissipative Magnus term. When we increase the ratio of the Magnus term to the damping term, a change in the universality class of the behavior occurs, the average avalanche shape becomes increasingly asymmetric, and individual avalanches exhibit motion in the direction perpendicular to their own density gradient.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1524385

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1426333

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-17-31034; PRLTAO

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Vol. 120, Issue 11; ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 20 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (49)

Collective transport in random media: from superconductors to earthquakes Fisher, Daniel S. Physics Reports, Vol. 301, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0370-1573(98)00008-8	journal	July 1998
Vortex Pinning and Dynamics in the Neutron Star Crust Wlazłowski, Gabriel; Sekizawa, Kazuyuki; Magierski, Piotr Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.232701	journal	November 2016
Quantized transport for a skyrmion moving on a two-dimensional periodic substrate Reichhardt, C.; Ray, D.; Reichhardt, C. J. Olson Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.91.104426	journal	March 2015
Fluctuations and noise signatures of driven magnetic skyrmions Díaz, Sebastián A.; Reichhardt, C. J. O.; Arovas, Daniel P. Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.085106	journal	August 2017
Micromechanical Model for Deformation in Solids with Universal Predictions for Stress-Strain Curves and Slip Avalanches Dahmen, Karin A.; Ben-Zion, Yehuda; Uhl, Jonathan T. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.175501	journal	April 2009
Room-temperature chiral magnetic skyrmions in ultrathin magnetic nanostructures Boulle, Olivier; Vogel, Jan; Yang, Hongxin Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2015.315	journal	January 2016
Current-driven skyrmion dynamics in disordered films Kim, Joo-Von; Yoo, Myoung-Woo Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4979316	journal	March 2017
A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature Tokunaga, Y.; Yu, X. Z.; White, J. S. Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8638	journal	July 2015
Skyrmions on the track Fert, Albert; Cros, Vincent; Sampaio, João Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2013.29	journal	March 2013
Superconducting Vortex Avalanches Field, Stuart; Witt, Jeff; Nori, Franco Physical Review Letters, Vol. 74, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.1206	journal	February 1995
Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet Muhlbauer, S.; Binz, B.; Jonietz, F. Science, Vol. 323, Issue 5916 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1166767	journal	February 2009
Crackling noise Sethna, James P.; Dahmen, Karin A.; Myers, Christopher R. Nature, Vol. 410, Issue 6825 https://doi.org/10.1038/35065675	journal	March 2001
Signature of effective mass in crackling-noise asymmetry Zapperi, Stefano; Castellano, Claudio; Colaiori, Francesca Nature Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys101	journal	September 2005
Collective Transport Properties of Driven Skyrmions with Random Disorder Reichhardt, C.; Ray, D.; Reichhardt, C. J. Olson Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.217202	journal	May 2015
Dynamics of a ferromagnetic domain wall: Avalanches, depinning transition, and the Barkhausen effect Zapperi, Stefano; Cizeau, Pierre; Durin, Gianfranco Physical Review B, Vol. 58, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.58.6353	journal	September 1998
Universal current-velocity relation of skyrmion motion in chiral magnets Iwasaki, Junichi; Mochizuki, Masahito; Nagaosa, Naoto Nature Communications, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2442	journal	February 2013
Capturing of a magnetic skyrmion with a hole Müller, Jan; Rosch, Achim Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.91.054410	journal	February 2015
Observation of room-temperature magnetic skyrmions and their current-driven dynamics in ultrathin metallic ferromagnets Woo, Seonghoon; Litzius, Kai; Krüger, Benjamin Nature Materials, Vol. 15, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4593	journal	February 2016
Skyrmion Hall effect revealed by direct time-resolved X-ray microscopy Litzius, Kai; Lemesh, Ivan; Krüger, Benjamin Nature Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys4000	journal	December 2016
Tunable room-temperature magnetic skyrmions in Ir/Fe/Co/Pt multilayers Soumyanarayanan, Anjan; Raju, M.; Gonzalez Oyarce, A. L. Nature Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4934	journal	July 2017
Noise fluctuations and drive dependence of the skyrmion Hall effect in disordered systems Reichhardt, C.; Olson Reichhardt, C. J. New Journal of Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/18/9/095005	journal	September 2016
Magnetic skyrmions: advances in physics and potential applications Fert, Albert; Reyren, Nicolas; Cros, Vincent Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2017.31	journal	June 2017
Current-driven dynamics of skyrmions stabilized in MnSi nanowires revealed by topological Hall effect Liang, Dong; DeGrave, John P.; Stolt, Matthew J. Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9217	journal	September 2015
Depinning and nonequilibrium dynamic phases of particle assemblies driven over random and ordered substrates: a review Reichhardt, C.; Olson Reichhardt, C. J. Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 80, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/80/2/026501	journal	December 2016
Near room-temperature formation of a skyrmion crystal in thin-films of the helimagnet FeGe Yu, X. Z.; Kanazawa, N.; Onose, Y. Nature Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2916	journal	December 2010
A simple analytic theory for the statistics of avalanches in sheared granular materials Dahmen, Karin A.; Ben-Zion, Yehuda; Uhl, Jonathan T. Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1957	journal	March 2011
Topological properties and dynamics of magnetic skyrmions Nagaosa, Naoto; Tokura, Yoshinori Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 8, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2013.243	journal	December 2013
Room-Temperature Current-Induced Generation and Motion of sub-100 nm Skyrmions Legrand, William; Maccariello, Davide; Reyren, Nicolas Nano Letters, Vol. 17, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00649	journal	March 2017
Avalanche Statistics Identify Intrinsic Stellar Processes near Criticality in KIC 8462852 Sheikh, Mohammed A.; Weaver, Richard L.; Dahmen, Karin A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.261101	journal	December 2016
Nanosecond X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy on Magnetic Skyrmions Seaberg, M. H.; Holladay, B.; Lee, J. C. T. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 119, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.067403	journal	August 2017
Scale invariance in plastic flow of crystalline solids Zaiser, Michael Advances in Physics, Vol. 55, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1080/00018730600583514	journal	January 2006
Universality beyond power laws and the average avalanche shape Papanikolaou, Stefanos; Bohn, Felipe; Sommer, Rubem Luis Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1884	journal	January 2011
Blowing magnetic skyrmion bubbles Jiang, W.; Upadhyaya, P.; Zhang, W. Science, Vol. 349, Issue 6245 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa1442	journal	June 2015
Emergent electrodynamics of skyrmions in a chiral magnet Schulz, T.; Ritz, R.; Bauer, A. Nature Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2231	journal	February 2012
Superconducting vortex avalanches, voltage bursts, and vortex plastic flow: Effect of the microscopic pinning landscape on the macroscopic properties Olson, C. J.; Reichhardt, C.; Nori, Franco Physical Review B, Vol. 56, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.56.6175	journal	September 1997
Intermittent dislocation flow in viscoplastic deformation Miguel, M. -Carmen; Vespignani, Alessandro; Zapperi, Stefano Nature, Vol. 410, Issue 6829 https://doi.org/10.1038/35070524	journal	April 2001
Universal pulse shape scaling function and exponents: Critical test for avalanche models applied to Barkhausen noise Mehta, Amit P.; Mills, Andrea C.; Dahmen, Karin A. Physical Review E, Vol. 65, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.65.046139	journal	April 2002
Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal Yu, X. Z.; Onose, Y.; Kanazawa, N. Nature, Vol. 465, Issue 7300 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09124	journal	June 2010
Direct observation of the skyrmion Hall effect Jiang, Wanjun; Zhang, Xichao; Yu, Guoqiang Nature Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3883	journal	September 2016
Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet Mühlbauer, S.; Binz, B.; Jonietz, F. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0902.1968	text	January 2009
Collective Transport Properties of Driven Skyrmions with Random Disorder Reichhardt, C.; Ray, D.; Reichhardt, C. J. Olson arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1409.5457	text	January 2014
Current-Driven Dynamics of Skyrmions Stabilized in MnSi Nanowires Revealed by Topological Hall Effect Liang, Dong; DeGrave, John P.; Stolt, Matthew J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1503.03523	text	January 2015
A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature Tokunaga, Y.; Yu, X. Z.; White, J. S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1503.05651	text	January 2015
Vortex pinning and dynamics in the neutron star crust Wlazłowski, Gabriel; Sekizawa, Kazuyuki; Magierski, Piotr arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1606.04847	text	January 2016
Tunable Room Temperature Magnetic Skyrmions in Ir/Fe/Co/Pt Multilayers Soumyanarayanan, Anjan; Raju, M.; Oyarce, A. L. Gonzalez arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1606.06034	text	January 2016
Room-temperature current-induced generation and motion of sub-100nm skyrmions Legrand, William; Maccariello, Davide; Reyren, Nicolas arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1702.04616	text	January 2017
Crackling Noise Sethna, James P.; Dahmen, Karin A.; Myers, Christopher R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0102091	text	January 2001
Intermittent dislocation flow in viscoplastic deformation Miguel, M. -Carmen; Vespignani, Alessandro; Zapperi, Stefano arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0105069	text	January 2001
Universal Pulse Shape Scaling Function and Exponents: A Critical Test for Avalanche Models applied to Barkhausen Noise Mehta, Amit P.; Mills, Andrea C.; Dahmen, Karin arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0112107	text	January 2001

Cited By (3)

Scaling of domain cascades in stripe and skyrmion phases Singh, A.; Lee, J. C. T.; Avila, K. E. Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09934-z	journal	April 2019
Controlling the structure and mixing properties of anisotropic active particles with the direction of self-propulsion Martin, Robert W.; Zwanikken, Jos W. Soft Matter, Vol. 15, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sm01120j	journal	January 2019
Magnetic domain dynamics in an insulating quantum ferromagnet Silevitch, D. M.; Xu, J.; Tang, C. Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.100.134405	journal	October 2019