Avalanches and Criticality in Driven Magnetic Skyrmions

Díaz, Sebastian A.; Reichhardt, Charles; Arovas, Daniel P.; Saxena, Avadh Behari; Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane O.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.117203

Title: Avalanches and Criticality in Driven Magnetic Skyrmions

Abstract

We demonstrate using numerical simulations that slowly driven Skyrmions interacting with random pinning move via correlated jumps or avalanches. The avalanches display power-law distributions in their duration and size, and the average avalanche shape for different avalanche durations can be scaled to a universal function, in agreement with theoretical predictions for systems in a nonequilibrium critical state. A distinctive feature of Skyrmions is the influence of the nondissipative Magnus term. When we increase the ratio of the Magnus term to the damping term, a change in the universality class of the behavior occurs, the average avalanche shape becomes increasingly asymmetric, and individual avalanches exhibit motion in the direction perpendicular to their own density gradient.

Authors:

Díaz, Sebastian A. ^[1];

^[2]; Arovas, Daniel P. ^[3];

^[2];

^[2]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States); Univ. of Basel (Switzerland)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1524385

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1426333

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-17-31034
Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007; PRLTAO

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; AC52-06NA25396

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review Letters

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 120; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Citation Formats


                    Díaz, Sebastian A., Reichhardt, Charles, Arovas, Daniel P., Saxena, Avadh Behari, and Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane O. Avalanches and Criticality in Driven Magnetic Skyrmions.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.117203.

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                    Díaz, Sebastian A., Reichhardt, Charles, Arovas, Daniel P., Saxena, Avadh Behari, & Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane O. Avalanches and Criticality in Driven Magnetic Skyrmions.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.117203

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                    Díaz, Sebastian A., Reichhardt, Charles, Arovas, Daniel P., Saxena, Avadh Behari, and Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane O. Thu .  
"Avalanches and Criticality in Driven Magnetic Skyrmions".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.117203.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1524385.

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@article{osti_1524385,

  title        = {Avalanches and Criticality in Driven Magnetic Skyrmions},

  author       = {Díaz, Sebastian A. and Reichhardt, Charles and Arovas, Daniel P. and Saxena, Avadh Behari and Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane O.},

  abstractNote = {We demonstrate using numerical simulations that slowly driven Skyrmions interacting with random pinning move via correlated jumps or avalanches. The avalanches display power-law distributions in their duration and size, and the average avalanche shape for different avalanche durations can be scaled to a universal function, in agreement with theoretical predictions for systems in a nonequilibrium critical state. A distinctive feature of Skyrmions is the influence of the nondissipative Magnus term. When we increase the ratio of the Magnus term to the damping term, a change in the universality class of the behavior occurs, the average avalanche shape becomes increasingly asymmetric, and individual avalanches exhibit motion in the direction perpendicular to their own density gradient.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.117203},

  journal      = {Physical Review Letters},

  number       = 11,

  volume       = 120,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2018},

  month        = {Thu Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2018}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.117203

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Cited by: 18 works

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Figures / Tables:

FIG. 1: (a) Snapshot of the system showing the skyrmions (solid dots) and pinning sites (open circles). Skyrmions are introduced in the unpinned region on the left side of the sample and removed when they reach the right side of the sample. Once the system reaches a steady state, individualmore »

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Works referenced in this record:

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Scaling of domain cascades in stripe and skyrmion phases
journal, April 2019

Singh, A.; Lee, J. C. T.; Avila, K. E.
Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09934-z

Controlling the structure and mixing properties of anisotropic active particles with the direction of self-propulsion
journal, January 2019

Martin, Robert W.; Zwanikken, Jos W.
Soft Matter, Vol. 15, Issue 39
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Magnetic domain dynamics in an insulating quantum ferromagnet
journal, October 2019

Silevitch, D. M.; Xu, J.; Tang, C.
Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 13
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Title: Avalanches and Criticality in Driven Magnetic Skyrmions

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

Vortex Pinning and Dynamics in the Neutron Star Crust journal, November 2016

Micromechanical Model for Deformation in Solids with Universal Predictions for Stress-Strain Curves and Slip Avalanches journal, April 2009

Room-temperature chiral magnetic skyrmions in ultrathin magnetic nanostructures journal, January 2016

Current-driven skyrmion dynamics in disordered films journal, March 2017

A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature journal, July 2015

Skyrmions on the track journal, March 2013

Superconducting Vortex Avalanches journal, February 1995

Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet journal, February 2009

Crackling noise journal, March 2001

Signature of effective mass in crackling-noise asymmetry journal, September 2005

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Dynamics of a ferromagnetic domain wall: Avalanches, depinning transition, and the Barkhausen effect journal, September 1998

Universal current-velocity relation of skyrmion motion in chiral magnets journal, February 2013

Capturing of a magnetic skyrmion with a hole journal, February 2015

Observation of room-temperature magnetic skyrmions and their current-driven dynamics in ultrathin metallic ferromagnets journal, February 2016

Skyrmion Hall effect revealed by direct time-resolved X-ray microscopy journal, December 2016

Tunable room-temperature magnetic skyrmions in Ir/Fe/Co/Pt multilayers journal, July 2017

Noise fluctuations and drive dependence of the skyrmion Hall effect in disordered systems journal, September 2016

Magnetic skyrmions: advances in physics and potential applications journal, June 2017

Current-driven dynamics of skyrmions stabilized in MnSi nanowires revealed by topological Hall effect journal, September 2015

Colloquium : Experiments in vortex avalanches journal, April 2004

Depinning and nonequilibrium dynamic phases of particle assemblies driven over random and ordered substrates: a review journal, December 2016

Near room-temperature formation of a skyrmion crystal in thin-films of the helimagnet FeGe journal, December 2010

A simple analytic theory for the statistics of avalanches in sheared granular materials journal, March 2011

Topological properties and dynamics of magnetic skyrmions journal, December 2013

Room-Temperature Current-Induced Generation and Motion of sub-100 nm Skyrmions journal, March 2017

Avalanche Statistics Identify Intrinsic Stellar Processes near Criticality in KIC 8462852 journal, December 2016

Scale invariance in plastic flow of crystalline solids journal, January 2006

Universality beyond power laws and the average avalanche shape journal, January 2011

Blowing magnetic skyrmion bubbles journal, June 2015

Emergent electrodynamics of skyrmions in a chiral magnet journal, February 2012

Superconducting vortex avalanches, voltage bursts, and vortex plastic flow: Effect of the microscopic pinning landscape on the macroscopic properties journal, September 1997

Intermittent dislocation flow in viscoplastic deformation journal, April 2001

Universal pulse shape scaling function and exponents: Critical test for avalanche models applied to Barkhausen noise journal, April 2002

Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal journal, June 2010

Direct observation of the skyrmion Hall effect journal, September 2016

Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet text, January 2009

Collective Transport Properties of Driven Skyrmions with Random Disorder text, January 2014

Current-Driven Dynamics of Skyrmions Stabilized in MnSi Nanowires Revealed by Topological Hall Effect text, January 2015

A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature text, January 2015

Vortex pinning and dynamics in the neutron star crust text, January 2016

Tunable Room Temperature Magnetic Skyrmions in Ir/Fe/Co/Pt Multilayers text, January 2016

Room-temperature current-induced generation and motion of sub-100nm skyrmions text, January 2017

Crackling Noise text, January 2001

Intermittent dislocation flow in viscoplastic deformation text, January 2001

Universal Pulse Shape Scaling Function and Exponents: A Critical Test for Avalanche Models applied to Barkhausen Noise text, January 2001

Scaling of domain cascades in stripe and skyrmion phases journal, April 2019

Controlling the structure and mixing properties of anisotropic active particles with the direction of self-propulsion journal, January 2019

Magnetic domain dynamics in an insulating quantum ferromagnet journal, October 2019

Vortex Pinning and Dynamics in the Neutron Star Crust
journal, November 2016

Micromechanical Model for Deformation in Solids with Universal Predictions for Stress-Strain Curves and Slip Avalanches
journal, April 2009

Room-temperature chiral magnetic skyrmions in ultrathin magnetic nanostructures
journal, January 2016

Current-driven skyrmion dynamics in disordered films
journal, March 2017

A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature
journal, July 2015

Skyrmions on the track
journal, March 2013

Superconducting Vortex Avalanches
journal, February 1995

Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet
journal, February 2009

Crackling noise
journal, March 2001

Signature of effective mass in crackling-noise asymmetry
journal, September 2005

Collective Transport Properties of Driven Skyrmions with Random Disorder
journal, May 2015

Dynamics of a ferromagnetic domain wall: Avalanches, depinning transition, and the Barkhausen effect
journal, September 1998

Universal current-velocity relation of skyrmion motion in chiral magnets
journal, February 2013

Capturing of a magnetic skyrmion with a hole
journal, February 2015

Observation of room-temperature magnetic skyrmions and their current-driven dynamics in ultrathin metallic ferromagnets
journal, February 2016

Skyrmion Hall effect revealed by direct time-resolved X-ray microscopy
journal, December 2016

Tunable room-temperature magnetic skyrmions in Ir/Fe/Co/Pt multilayers
journal, July 2017

Noise fluctuations and drive dependence of the skyrmion Hall effect in disordered systems
journal, September 2016

Magnetic skyrmions: advances in physics and potential applications
journal, June 2017

Current-driven dynamics of skyrmions stabilized in MnSi nanowires revealed by topological Hall effect
journal, September 2015

Colloquium : Experiments in vortex avalanches
journal, April 2004

Depinning and nonequilibrium dynamic phases of particle assemblies driven over random and ordered substrates: a review
journal, December 2016

Near room-temperature formation of a skyrmion crystal in thin-films of the helimagnet FeGe
journal, December 2010

A simple analytic theory for the statistics of avalanches in sheared granular materials
journal, March 2011

Topological properties and dynamics of magnetic skyrmions
journal, December 2013

Room-Temperature Current-Induced Generation and Motion of sub-100 nm Skyrmions
journal, March 2017

Avalanche Statistics Identify Intrinsic Stellar Processes near Criticality in KIC 8462852
journal, December 2016

Scale invariance in plastic flow of crystalline solids
journal, January 2006

Universality beyond power laws and the average avalanche shape
journal, January 2011

Blowing magnetic skyrmion bubbles
journal, June 2015

Emergent electrodynamics of skyrmions in a chiral magnet
journal, February 2012

Superconducting vortex avalanches, voltage bursts, and vortex plastic flow: Effect of the microscopic pinning landscape on the macroscopic properties
journal, September 1997

Intermittent dislocation flow in viscoplastic deformation
journal, April 2001

Universal pulse shape scaling function and exponents: Critical test for avalanche models applied to Barkhausen noise
journal, April 2002

Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal
journal, June 2010

Direct observation of the skyrmion Hall effect
journal, September 2016

Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet
text, January 2009

Collective Transport Properties of Driven Skyrmions with Random Disorder
text, January 2014

Current-Driven Dynamics of Skyrmions Stabilized in MnSi Nanowires Revealed by Topological Hall Effect
text, January 2015

A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature
text, January 2015

Vortex pinning and dynamics in the neutron star crust
text, January 2016

Tunable Room Temperature Magnetic Skyrmions in Ir/Fe/Co/Pt Multilayers
text, January 2016

Room-temperature current-induced generation and motion of sub-100nm skyrmions
text, January 2017

Crackling Noise
text, January 2001

Intermittent dislocation flow in viscoplastic deformation
text, January 2001

Universal Pulse Shape Scaling Function and Exponents: A Critical Test for Avalanche Models applied to Barkhausen Noise
text, January 2001

Scaling of domain cascades in stripe and skyrmion phases
journal, April 2019

Controlling the structure and mixing properties of anisotropic active particles with the direction of self-propulsion
journal, January 2019

Magnetic domain dynamics in an insulating quantum ferromagnet
journal, October 2019