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Title: Optical modeling of wide-bandgap perovskite and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells using complex refractive indices for arbitrary-bandgap perovskite absorbers

Abstract

Wide-bandgap perovskites are attractive top-cell materials for tandem photovoltaic applications. Comprehensive optical modeling is essential to minimize the optical losses of state-of-the-art perovskite/perovskite, perovskite/CIGS, and perovskite/silicon tandems. Such models require accurate optical constants of wide-bandgap perovskites. Here, we report optical constants determined with ellipsometry and spectrophotometry for two new wide-bandgap, cesium-formamidinium-based perovskites. We validate the optical constants by comparing simulated quantum efficiency and reflectance spectra with measured cell results for semi-transparent single-junction perovskite cells and find less than 0.3 mA/cm2 error in the short-circuit current densities. Such simulations further reveal that reflection and parasitic absorption in the front ITO layer and electron contact are responsible for the biggest optical losses. We also show that the complex refractive index of methylammonium lead triiodide, the most common perovskite absorber for solar cells, can be used to generate approximate optical constants for an arbitrary wide-bandgap perovskite by translating the data along the wavelength axis. Finally, these optical constants are used to map the short-circuit current density of a textured two-terminal perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell as a function of the perovskite thickness and bandgap, providing a guide to nearly 20 mA/cm2 matched current density with any perovskite bandgap between 1.56 and 1.68 eV.

Authors:
; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); National Science Foundation (NSF)
OSTI Identifier:
1476376
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1483392; OSTI ID: 1693696
Grant/Contract Number:  
EE0008154; EE0004946; EE0008167
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Optics Express
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Optics Express Journal Volume: 26 Journal Issue: 21; Journal ID: ISSN 1094-4087
Publisher:
Optical Society of America (OSA)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
14 SOLAR ENERGY; 25 ENERGY STORAGE

Citation Formats

Manzoor, Salman, Häusele, Jakob, Bush, Kevin A., Palmstrom, Axel F., Carpenter, Joe, Yu, Zhengshan J., Bent, Stacey F., Mcgehee, Michael D., and Holman, Zachary C. Optical modeling of wide-bandgap perovskite and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells using complex refractive indices for arbitrary-bandgap perovskite absorbers. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1364/OE.26.027441.
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Manzoor, Salman, Häusele, Jakob, Bush, Kevin A., Palmstrom, Axel F., Carpenter, Joe, Yu, Zhengshan J., Bent, Stacey F., Mcgehee, Michael D., & Holman, Zachary C. Optical modeling of wide-bandgap perovskite and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells using complex refractive indices for arbitrary-bandgap perovskite absorbers. United States. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.26.027441
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Manzoor, Salman, Häusele, Jakob, Bush, Kevin A., Palmstrom, Axel F., Carpenter, Joe, Yu, Zhengshan J., Bent, Stacey F., Mcgehee, Michael D., and Holman, Zachary C. Fri . "Optical modeling of wide-bandgap perovskite and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells using complex refractive indices for arbitrary-bandgap perovskite absorbers". United States. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.26.027441.
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@article{osti_1476376,
title = {Optical modeling of wide-bandgap perovskite and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells using complex refractive indices for arbitrary-bandgap perovskite absorbers},
author = {Manzoor, Salman and Häusele, Jakob and Bush, Kevin A. and Palmstrom, Axel F. and Carpenter, Joe and Yu, Zhengshan J. and Bent, Stacey F. and Mcgehee, Michael D. and Holman, Zachary C.},
abstractNote = {Wide-bandgap perovskites are attractive top-cell materials for tandem photovoltaic applications. Comprehensive optical modeling is essential to minimize the optical losses of state-of-the-art perovskite/perovskite, perovskite/CIGS, and perovskite/silicon tandems. Such models require accurate optical constants of wide-bandgap perovskites. Here, we report optical constants determined with ellipsometry and spectrophotometry for two new wide-bandgap, cesium-formamidinium-based perovskites. We validate the optical constants by comparing simulated quantum efficiency and reflectance spectra with measured cell results for semi-transparent single-junction perovskite cells and find less than 0.3 mA/cm2 error in the short-circuit current densities. Such simulations further reveal that reflection and parasitic absorption in the front ITO layer and electron contact are responsible for the biggest optical losses. We also show that the complex refractive index of methylammonium lead triiodide, the most common perovskite absorber for solar cells, can be used to generate approximate optical constants for an arbitrary wide-bandgap perovskite by translating the data along the wavelength axis. Finally, these optical constants are used to map the short-circuit current density of a textured two-terminal perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell as a function of the perovskite thickness and bandgap, providing a guide to nearly 20 mA/cm2 matched current density with any perovskite bandgap between 1.56 and 1.68 eV.},
doi = {10.1364/OE.26.027441},
journal = {Optics Express},
number = 21,
volume = 26,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Oct 05 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Fri Oct 05 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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Journal Article:
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https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.26.027441
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Cited by: 67 works
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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: (a) Optical model used in fitting ellipsometry spectra of perovskite films on glass or quartz. (b) Schematic of single-junction semi-transparent perovskite cells used to validate optical modeling. AFM (c, e, and g) and SEM (d, f, and h) images of perovskite films for which ellipsometry, transmittance, and reflectancemore » spectra were collected to determine optical constants.« less
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