DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Solution-Based Synthesis of Crystalline Silicon from Liquid Silane through Laser and Chemical Annealing

Abstract

We report a solution process for the synthesis of crystalline silicon from the liquid silane precursor cyclohexasilane (Si6H12). Polysilane films were crystallized through thermal and laser annealing, with plasma hydrogenation at atmospheric pressure generating further structural changes in the films. The evolution from amorphous to microcrystalline is characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy and impedance spectroscopy. A four-decade enhancement in the electrical conductivity is attributed to a disorder-order transition in a bonded Si network. Lastly, our results demonstrate a potentially attractive approach that employs a solution process coupled with ambient post-processing to produce crystalline silicon thin films.

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
OSTI Identifier:
1046826
Report Number(s):
DOE/GO/88160-44
Journal ID: ISSN 1944-8244
Grant/Contract Number:  
FG36-08GO88160
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 4; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1944-8244
Publisher:
American Chemical Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; silicon; liquid silane; laser crystallization; plasma annealing

Citation Formats

Iyer, Ganjigunte R. S., Hobbie, Erik K., Guruvenket, Srinivasan, Hoey, Justin M., Anderson, Kenneth J., Lovaasen, John, Gette, Cody, Schulz, Douglas L., Swenson, Orven F., Elangovan, Arumugasamy, and Boudjouk, P. Solution-Based Synthesis of Crystalline Silicon from Liquid Silane through Laser and Chemical Annealing. United States: N. p., 2012. Web. doi:10.1021/am300334p.
Iyer, Ganjigunte R. S., Hobbie, Erik K., Guruvenket, Srinivasan, Hoey, Justin M., Anderson, Kenneth J., Lovaasen, John, Gette, Cody, Schulz, Douglas L., Swenson, Orven F., Elangovan, Arumugasamy, & Boudjouk, P. Solution-Based Synthesis of Crystalline Silicon from Liquid Silane through Laser and Chemical Annealing. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/am300334p
Iyer, Ganjigunte R. S., Hobbie, Erik K., Guruvenket, Srinivasan, Hoey, Justin M., Anderson, Kenneth J., Lovaasen, John, Gette, Cody, Schulz, Douglas L., Swenson, Orven F., Elangovan, Arumugasamy, and Boudjouk, P. Wed . "Solution-Based Synthesis of Crystalline Silicon from Liquid Silane through Laser and Chemical Annealing". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/am300334p. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1046826.
@article{osti_1046826,
title = {Solution-Based Synthesis of Crystalline Silicon from Liquid Silane through Laser and Chemical Annealing},
author = {Iyer, Ganjigunte R. S. and Hobbie, Erik K. and Guruvenket, Srinivasan and Hoey, Justin M. and Anderson, Kenneth J. and Lovaasen, John and Gette, Cody and Schulz, Douglas L. and Swenson, Orven F. and Elangovan, Arumugasamy and Boudjouk, P.},
abstractNote = {We report a solution process for the synthesis of crystalline silicon from the liquid silane precursor cyclohexasilane (Si6H12). Polysilane films were crystallized through thermal and laser annealing, with plasma hydrogenation at atmospheric pressure generating further structural changes in the films. The evolution from amorphous to microcrystalline is characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy and impedance spectroscopy. A four-decade enhancement in the electrical conductivity is attributed to a disorder-order transition in a bonded Si network. Lastly, our results demonstrate a potentially attractive approach that employs a solution process coupled with ambient post-processing to produce crystalline silicon thin films.},
doi = {10.1021/am300334p},
journal = {ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces},
number = 5,
volume = 4,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed May 23 00:00:00 EDT 2012},
month = {Wed May 23 00:00:00 EDT 2012}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 26 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

Integrated Silicon Optoelectronics
book, January 2010


A Liquid-Solution-Phase Synthesis of Crystalline Silicon
journal, November 1992


Device Physics of Solution-Processed Organic Field-Effect Transistors
journal, October 2005


Electron and Ambipolar Transport in Organic Field-Effect Transistors
journal, April 2007

  • Zaumseil, Jana; Sirringhaus, Henning
  • Chemical Reviews, Vol. 107, Issue 4, p. 1296-1323
  • DOI: 10.1021/cr0501543

Solution-processed silicon films and transistors
journal, April 2006

  • Shimoda, Tatsuya; Matsuki, Yasuo; Furusawa, Masahiro
  • Nature, Vol. 440, Issue 7085
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature04613

Thermal transformation of solvent-processable organosilicon compounds into inorganic silicone-based thin films
journal, January 2011

  • Kim, Sieun; Han, Tai-Hoon; Jung, Hyun-chul
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 21, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02093a

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic studies of pristine polysilanes as precursor molecules for the solution deposition of amorphous silicon thin-films
journal, May 2012


High-Efficiency Solar Cell with Earth-Abundant Liquid-Processed Absorber
journal, May 2010

  • Todorov, Teodor K.; Reuter, Kathleen B.; Mitzi, David B.
  • Advanced Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 20, p. E156-E159
  • DOI: 10.1002/adma.200904155

Solution processed ZnO - Challenges in processing and performance on flexible substrates: Solution processed ZnO
journal, May 2010

  • Hoffmann, Rudolf C.; Dilfer, Stefan; Issanin, Alexander
  • physica status solidi (a), Vol. 207, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1002/pssa.200983749

High-mobility ultrathin semiconducting films prepared by spin coating
journal, March 2004

  • Mitzi, David B.; Kosbar, Laura L.; Murray, Conal E.
  • Nature, Vol. 428, Issue 6980, p. 299-303
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature02389

Pentaphenylcyclopentasilan und Derivate
journal, January 1970

  • Hengge, E.; Marketz, H.
  • Monatshefte f�r Chemie, Vol. 101, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1007/BF00910241

Cyclopentasilane, the First Unsubstituted Cyclic Silicon Hydride
journal, April 1973

  • Hengge, Edwin; Bauer, G�nther
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, Vol. 12, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.197303161

Homocyclic Silanes
journal, July 1995

  • Hengge, Edwin.; Janoschek, Rudolf.
  • Chemical Reviews, Vol. 95, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1021/cr00037a016

Darstllung und Eigenschaften von Cyclopentasilan
journal, January 1975

  • Hengge, Edwin; Bauer, G�nther
  • Monatshefte f�r Chemie, Vol. 106, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1007/BF01150532

Amine-Promoted Disproportionation and Redistribution of Trichlorosilane:  Formation of Tetradecachlorocyclohexasilane Dianion 1
journal, August 2001

  • Choi, Seok-Bong; Kim, Beon-Kyu; Boudjouk, Philip
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 123, Issue 33
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja002831a

Printed silicon as diode and FET materials – Preliminary results
journal, May 2008


Laser crystallization of amorphous silicon films investigated by Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy
journal, March 2010


Effect of hydrogen plasma treatment on the surface morphology, microstructure and electronic transport properties of nc-Si:H
journal, September 2010


Structural, electrical and photovoltaic characterization of Si nanocrystals embedded SiC matrix and Si nanocrystals/c-Si heterojunction devices
journal, April 2008


Structural analysis of undoped microcrystalline silicon thin films deposited by PECVD technique
journal, June 2004

  • Mukhopadhyay, Sumita; Das, Chandan; Ray, Swati
  • Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 37, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/37/13/003

Rapid, low-temperature synthesis of nc-Si in high-density, non-equilibrium plasmas: enabling nanocrystallinity at very low hydrogen dilution
journal, January 2009

  • Cheng, Qijin; Xu, Shuyan; Ostrikov, Kostya (Ken)
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 19, Issue 29
  • DOI: 10.1039/b904227j

Improvement of amorphous silicon n-i-p solar cells by incorporating double-layer hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon structure
journal, January 2011


Micro-Raman spectroscopy to study local mechanical stress in silicon integrated circuits
journal, February 1996


Raman spectroscopy of strain in subwavelength microelectronic devices
journal, September 2005

  • Bonera, Emiliano; Fanciulli, Marco; Mariani, Marcello
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 87, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2045545

Stress in undoped and doped laser crystallized poly-Si
journal, June 2002

  • Lengsfeld, P.; Nickel, N. H.; Genzel, Ch.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 91, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1476083

Low-Temperature Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon by Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Treatment in H 2 /He or H 2 /Ar Mixture
journal, October 2006

  • Ohmi, Hiromasa; Kakiuchi, Hiroaki; Nishijima, Kenichi
  • Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 45, Issue 10B
  • DOI: 10.1143/JJAP.45.8488

Mechanism of hydrogen-induced crystallization of amorphous silicon
journal, July 2002

  • Sriraman, Saravanapriyan; Agarwal, Sumit; Aydil, Eray S.
  • Nature, Vol. 418, Issue 6893
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature00866

Evolution of structure, morphology, and reactivity of hydrogenated amorphous silicon film surfaces grown by molecular-dynamics simulation
journal, April 2001

  • Ramalingam, Shyam; Sriraman, Saravanapriyan; Aydil, Eray S.
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 78, Issue 18
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1367298

Surface reaction probability of film‐producing radicals in silane glow discharges
journal, May 1990

  • Doughty, D. A.; Doyle, J. R.; Lin, G. H.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 67, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.345188

Growth and characterization of hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin films from SiH2 radical precursor: Atomic-scale analysis
journal, February 2004

  • Sriraman, Saravanapriyan; Aydil, Eray S.; Maroudas, Dimitrios
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 95, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1636512

Hydrogen-induced crystallization of amorphous silicon thin films. I. Simulation and analysis of film postgrowth treatment with H2 plasmas
journal, September 2006

  • Sriraman, Saravanapriyan; Valipa, Mayur S.; Aydil, Eray S.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 100, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2229426

Works referencing / citing this record:

Printed Diodes: Materials Processing, Fabrication, and Applications
journal, January 2019


Branched Hydrosilane Oligomers as Ideal Precursors for Liquid-Based Silicon-Film Deposition
journal, October 2017

  • Haas, Michael; Christopoulos, Viktor; Radebner, Judith
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 56, Issue 45
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707525

Nonthermal plasma synthesis of silicon nanoparticles and their thermal transport properties
journal, October 2018

  • Juangsa, Firman Bagja; Ryu, Meguya; Morikawa, Junko
  • Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 51, Issue 50
  • DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/aae3a6

Fabrication of n-type Si nanostructures by direct nanoimprinting with liquid-Si ink
journal, January 2018

  • Takagishi, Hideyuki; Masuda, Takashi; Yamazaki, Ken
  • AIP Advances, Vol. 8, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5011449

Branched Hydrosilane Oligomers as Ideal Precursors for Liquid-Based Silicon-Film Deposition
journal, October 2017

  • Haas, Michael; Christopoulos, Viktor; Radebner, Judith
  • Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 129, Issue 45
  • DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707525

Solution-Based Fabrication of Polycrystalline Si Thin-Film Transistors from Recycled Polysilanes
journal, June 2017

  • Sberna, Paolo M.; Trifunovic, Miki; Ishihara, Ryoichi
  • ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 5, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b00626