Visit to Gelsenberg hydrogenation plant

Technical Report · Thu Feb 14 04:00:00 EST 1946

OSTI ID:7177664

Cockram, C

This detailed report covered typical plant operations for hydrogenation of bituminous coal at 700 atm in the liquid phase, and 300 atm in vapor phase operations. Product from the liquid phase was saturated in the vapor phase, then cracked in another vapor phase operation. Apparently, quantity was the driving force behind this plant's operation because there was no aromatization attempt or iso-octane production. The increase in pressure for the liquid phase from 300 to 700 atm reduced asphalt yield, allowing linger operating periods of the carbonizing ovens without decoking. Less unreacted coal meant greater yields of product as well as easier handling of sludge by-product. The increased pressure increased the gasoline yield, as well as the throughput. The annual production capacity was on the order of 340,000 metric tons (tes.) of gasoline and 100,000 tes. propane and butane. Hydrogen production was derived mainly from coke as water gas and amounted to over 100,000 m/sup 3//hr. The process mills for grinding and pasting were typical except for CO/sub 2/ flooding to eliminate explosion hazard. Coal paste consisted of pasting oil, 45% to 46% coal, 1.2% FeSO/sub 4/ and 1.5% Bayermasse as catalysts, and 0.3% NaS to remove HCl. Bayermasse was an impure form of Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/. Coal content was later decreased to 40%, enabling transfer through a heat exchanger prior to addition of high pressure hydrogen. This reduced preheater overload and failure. Temperature of the converters was controlled to maintain an output of heavy pasting oil equal to the input used in the paste, thus yields of other components were dependent upon recovery of this product. Output of newly-formed heavy oil was kept balanced with losses of heavy oil in sludge processing. 11 tables, 4 figures, 2 flowsheets

• Research Organization: Combined Intelligence Objectives Subcommittee
• OSTI ID: 7177664
• Report Number(s): TOM-196-548-595
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010401 -- Coal & Coal Products-- Carbonization-- (-1987)
010404 -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Gasification
010405* -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Hydrogenation & Liquefaction
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400102 -- Chemical & Spectral Procedures
BITUMINOUS COAL
BLACK COAL
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CARBONIZATION
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMICAL REACTORS
COAL
COAL LIQUEFACTION PLANTS
COAL TAR OILS
COMMINUTION
COMPRESSORS
CONDENSERS
CONTROL EQUIPMENT
COST
CRUSHING
DATA COMPILATION
DECOMPOSITION
DIAGRAMS
DISTILLATION
EFFICIENCY
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
ENERGY TRANSFER
EQUIPMENT
EVALUATION
FAILURES
FLOW REGULATORS
FLOWMETERS
FLOWSHEETS
FLUID FLOW
FLUIDS
FOSSIL FUELS
FRACTIONATION
FUEL GAS
FUELS
GAS FLOW
GAS FUELS
GAS METERS
GASES
GASOLINE
GERMANY
HEAT TRANSFER
HEATERS
HEATING
HIGH PRESSURE
HIGH TEMPERATURE
HYDROGEN PRODUCTION
HYDROGENATION
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
INFORMATION
INTERMEDIATE BTU GAS
INVESTMENT
IRON
MATERIAL BALANCE
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
METALS
NONMETALS
NORMAL-MODE ANALYSIS
NOZZLES
OIL YIELDS
OILS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PIPES
POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT
PRODUCTION
PURIFICATION
REFRACTORY METALS
RESIDUES
RUPTURES
SCRUBBERS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SLUDGES
SULFUR
TABLES
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
TUNGSTEN
VALVES
WATER GAS
WATER GAS PROCESSES
YIELDS