Comparative study of the effects of inhaled cadmium chloride and cadmium oxide: pulmonary response

Journal Article · Thu Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1987 · J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398709531014· OSTI ID:6497075

Grose, E C; Richards, J H; Jaskot, R H; Menache, M G; Graham, J A; Dauterman, W C

The effects of aerosols of cadmium chloride (CdCl/sub 2/) and cadmium oxide (CdO) on pulmonary biochemical function were compared. Rats and rabbits were exposed to 0.25, 0.45, or 4.5 mg Cd/m3 for 2 h. Pulmonary toxicity was determined histologically and biochemically. Cadmium chloride and CdO showed a deposition response that was linearly related to the chamber concentration. Both compounds caused multifocal, interstitial pneumonitis 72 h after exposure, but the CdO lesion was more severe with proliferation of fibrocytic-like cells as well as pneumocytes. Comparing the two Cd compounds at the highest concentration (4.5 mg Cd/m3), the biochemical responses in the rat were similar. The majority of the effects occurred 72 h after exposure, with significant increases in lung weight, lung-to-body weight ratio, GSH reductase, GSH transferase, and G-6-PDH. However, GSH peroxidase was inhibited immediately after the CdO exposure. Cadmium oxide-related alterations in the parameters studied could easily be distinguished from those of CdCl/sub 2/ at the exposure concentration of 0.45 mg Cd/m3. The response pattern in the rabbit resembled that of the rat. In both species Cd had a consistent inhibitory effect on pulmonary GSH peroxidase, even at the lowest concentration of 0.25 mg Cd/m3. Based on these findings, inhaled CdO appeared to be more toxic to the lung than inhaled CdCl/sub 2/.

• Research Organization: Environment Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC
• OSTI ID: 6497075
• Journal Information: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States), Journal Name: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States) Vol. 1-2; ISSN JTEHD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AEROSOLS
AIR POLLUTION
ANIMALS
BODY
CADMIUM
COLLOIDS
DISEASES
DISPERSIONS
ELEMENTS
ENZYMES
LUNGS
MAMMALS
METALS
ORGANS
OXIDOREDUCTASES
PNEUMONIA
POLLUTION
RABBITS
RATS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISEASES
RODENTS
SENSITIVITY
SOLS
TOXICITY
TRANSFERASES
VERTEBRATES