In vitro metabolism of xenobiotics in some marine animals

Conference · Sat Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1977 · Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.; (United States)

OSTI ID:5341086

Bend, J R ^[1]; James, M O; Dansette, P M

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1. National Inst. of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC

All of the marine vertebrate species studied had significant hepatic mixed-function oxidase (MFO) activities with several substrates, although there was considerable inter- and intraspecies variation. The individual variation may result from exposure of the fish to different amounts of inducing agents in the marine environment. The crustacea studied had negligible NADPH-supported hepatopancreatic MFO activity, although cytochrome P-450 was present. When sodium periodate or cumene hydroperoxide was used instead of NADPH, significant 7-ethoxycoumarin deethylase activities were found in spiny lobster and lobster. Microsomal epoxide hydrase and cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activities were present in liver or hepatopancreas of all vertebrate and invertebrate species investigated, with styrene oxide, benzo(a)pyrene 4,5-oxide, and octene 1,2-oxide used as substrates. Benzpyrene hydroxylase activity was induced in hepatic microsomes from winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus), little skate (Raja erinacea), and sheepshead (Archosargus probatocephalus) in response to 3-MC, TCDD, or DBA administration but not in Atlantic stingray (Dasyatis sabina). Epoxide-metabolizing enzymatic activities were not affected by 3-MC, TCDD, or DBA administration in any of the vertebrate species tested. Collectively, the data demonstrate that fish have the enzyme systems necessary to activate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to chemically reactive arene oxides or diol-epoxides that could cause cancer in fish. Recently, the formation of mutagenic metabolites from benzo(a)pyrene by trout liver microsomes was reported. It is quite possible, therefore, that some of the neoplasms observed in aquatic animals in the field are induced by chemical pollutants and that certain marine species may serve as early warning indicators of environmental contamination with compounds that can be metabolically activated by man to carcinogens, mutagens, teratogens, and cytotoxins.

• OSTI ID: 5341086
• Conference Information: Journal Name: Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.; (United States) Journal Volume: 298
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

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Aquatic-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMALS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
AROMATICS
ARTHROPODS
BENZOPYRENE
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL VARIABILITY
BODY
CELL CONSTITUENTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CONDENSED AROMATICS
CRUSTACEANS
CYTOCHROMES
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DISEASES
ENZYMES
EPOXIDES
FISHES
GLANDS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROXYLASE
IN VITRO
INVERTEBRATES
LIVER
METABOLISM
MICROSOMES
NEOPLASMS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANOIDS
ORGANS
OXIDASES
OXIDES
OXIDOREDUCTASES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PIGMENTS
POLLUTION
TRANSFERASES
VERTEBRATES
WATER POLLUTION