Strongly Cavity-Enhanced Spontaneous Emission from Silicon-Vacancy Centers in Diamond

Zhang, Jingyuan Linda; Sun, Shuo; Burek, Michael J.; Dory, Constantin; Tzeng, Yan -Kai; Fischer, Kevin A.; Kelaita, Yousif; Lagoudakis, Konstantinos G.; Radulaski, Marina; Shen, Zhi -Xun; Melosh, Nicholas A.; Chu, Steven; Loncar, Marko; Vuckovic, Jelena

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b05075

Strongly Cavity-Enhanced Spontaneous Emission from Silicon-Vacancy Centers in Diamond

Journal Article · Mon Jan 29 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Nano Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b05075· OSTI ID:1457052

^[1]; Sun, Shuo ^[1]; Burek, Michael J. ^[2]; Dory, Constantin ^[1]; ^[1]; Fischer, Kevin A. ^[1]; Kelaita, Yousif ^[1]; Lagoudakis, Konstantinos G. ^[1]; ^[1]; Shen, Zhi -Xun ^[3]; Melosh, Nicholas A. ^[3]; Chu, Steven ^[1]; Loncar, Marko ^[2]; Vuckovic, Jelena ^[1]

Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States)
Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Quantum emitters are an integral component for a broad range of quantum technologies, including quantum communication, quantum repeaters, and linear optical quantum computation. Solid-state color centers are promising candidates for scalable quantum optics due to their long coherence time and small inhomogeneous broadening. However, once excited, color centers often decay through phonon-assisted processes, limiting the efficiency of single-photon generation and photon-mediated entanglement generation. Herein, we demonstrate strong enhancement of spontaneous emission rate of a single silicon-vacancy center in diamond embedded within a monolithic optical cavity, reaching a regime in which the excited-state lifetime is dominated by spontaneous emission into the cavity mode. We observe 10-fold lifetime reduction and 42-fold enhancement in emission intensity when the cavity is tuned into resonance with the optical transition of a single silicon-vacancy center, corresponding to 90% of the excited-state energy decay occurring through spontaneous emission into the cavity mode. Here, we also demonstrate the largest coupling strength (g/2π = 4.9 ± 0.3 GHz) and cooperativity (C = 1.4) to date for color-center-based cavity quantum electrodynamics systems, bringing the system closer to the strong coupling regime.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1457052

Journal Information:: Nano Letters, Journal Name: Nano Letters Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 18; ISSN 1530-6984

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (61)

Interfacing broadband photonic qubits to on-chip cavity-protected rare-earth ensembles Zhong, Tian; Kindem, Jonathan M.; Rochman, Jake Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14107	journal	January 2017
Resonant enhancement of the zero-phonon emission from a colour centre in a diamond cavity Faraon, Andrei; Barclay, Paul E.; Santori, Charles Nature Photonics, Vol. 5, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2011.52	journal	April 2011
High Quality factor photonic crystal nanobeam cavities Deotare, Parag B.; McCutcheon, Murray W.; Frank, Ian W. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0901.4158	text	January 2009
Spontaneous emission and collection efficiency enhancement of single emitters in diamond via plasmonic cavities and gratings Choy, Jennifer T.; Bulu, Irfan; Hausmann, Birgit J. M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1308.0522	text	January 2013
Faraday cage angled-etching of nanostructures in bulk dielectrics Latawiec, Pawel; Burek, Michael J.; Sohn, Young-Ik arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1603.03735	preprint	January 2016
Rectangular Photonic Crystal Nanobeam Cavities in Bulk Diamond Mouradian, Sara; Wan, Noel H.; Schröder, Tim arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1704.07918	text	January 2017
Dipole induced transparency in drop-filter cavity-waveguide systems Waks, Edo; Vuckovic, Jelena arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0510228	text	January 2005
Purcell-Enhanced Single-Photon Emission from Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers Coupled to a Tunable Microcavity Kaupp, Hanno; Hümmer, Thomas; Mader, Matthias Karlsruhe https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000064882	text	January 2016
Hybrid Group IV Nanophotonic Structures Incorporating Diamond Silicon-Vacancy Color Centers Zhang, Jingyuan Linda; Ishiwata, Hitoshi; Babinec, Thomas M. Nano Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03515	journal	December 2015
Vertical-Substrate MPCVD Epitaxial Nanodiamond Growth Tzeng, Yan-Kai; Zhang, Jingyuan Linda; Lu, Haiyu Nano Letters, Vol. 17, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04543	journal	February 2017
Deterministic Coupling of a Single Nitrogen Vacancy Center to a Photonic Crystal Cavity Englund, Dirk; Shields, Brendan; Rivoire, Kelley Nano Letters, Vol. 10, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl101662v	journal	October 2010
Free-Standing Mechanical and Photonic Nanostructures in Single-Crystal Diamond Burek, Michael J.; de Leon, Nathalie P.; Shields, Brendan J. Nano Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 12, p. 6084-6089 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl302541e	journal	February 2012
Coupling of NV Centers to Photonic Crystal Nanobeams in Diamond Hausmann, B. J. M.; Shields, B. J.; Quan, Q. Nano Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl402174g	journal	November 2013
Deterministic Coupling of a Single Silicon-Vacancy Color Center to a Photonic Crystal Cavity in Diamond Riedrich-Möller, Janine; Arend, Carsten; Pauly, Christoph Nano Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl502327b	journal	August 2014
The quantum internet Kimble, H. J. Nature, Vol. 453, Issue 7198 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07127	journal	June 2008
Room temperature coherent control of defect spin qubits in silicon carbide Koehl, William F.; Buckley, Bob B.; Heremans, F. Joseph Nature, Vol. 479, Issue 7371 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10562	journal	November 2011
Loophole-free Bell inequality violation using electron spins separated by 1.3 kilometres Hensen, B.; Bernien, H.; Dréau, A. E. Nature, Vol. 526, Issue 7575 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15759	journal	October 2015
Multiple intrinsically identical single-photon emitters in the solid state Rogers, L. J.; Jahnke, K. D.; Teraji, T. Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5739	journal	August 2014
Coherent spin control of a nanocavity-enhanced qubit in diamond Li, Luozhou; Schröder, Tim; Chen, Edward H. Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7173	journal	January 2015
Nanophotonic coherent light–matter interfaces based on rare-earth-doped crystals Zhong, Tian; Kindem, Jonathan M.; Miyazono, Evan Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9206	journal	September 2015
Ultralong spin coherence time in isotopically engineered diamond Balasubramanian, Gopalakrishnan; Neumann, Philipp; Twitchen, Daniel Nature Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2420	journal	April 2009
Coherent control of single spins in silicon carbide at room temperature Widmann, Matthias; Lee, Sang-Yun; Rendler, Torsten Nature Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4145	journal	December 2014
One- and two-dimensional photonic crystal microcavities in single crystal diamond Riedrich-Möller, Janine; Kipfstuhl, Laura; Hepp, Christian Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2011.190	journal	November 2011
Enhanced single-photon emission from a diamond–silver aperture Choy, Jennifer T.; Hausmann, Birgit J. M.; Babinec, Thomas M. Nature Photonics, Vol. 5, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2011.249	journal	October 2011
Secure quantum key distribution Lo, Hoi-Kwong; Curty, Marcos; Tamaki, Kiyoshi Nature Photonics, Vol. 8, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2014.149	journal	July 2014
Solid-state single-photon emitters Aharonovich, Igor; Englund, Dirk; Toth, Milos Nature Photonics, Vol. 10, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2016.186	journal	September 2016
High-efficiency multiphoton boson sampling Wang, Hui; He, Yu; Li, Yu-Huai Nature Photonics, Vol. 11, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2017.63	journal	May 2017
Room-temperature entanglement between single defect spins in diamond Dolde, F.; Jakobi, I.; Naydenov, B. Nature Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2545	journal	February 2013
Generation of heralded entanglement between distant hole spins Delteil, Aymeric; Sun, Zhe; Gao, Wei-bo Nature Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3605	journal	December 2015
Quantum key distribution over 120 km using ultrahigh purity single-photon source and superconducting single-photon detectors Takemoto, Kazuya; Nambu, Yoshihiro; Miyazawa, Toshiyuki Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14383	journal	September 2015
High quality factor photonic crystal nanobeam cavities Deotare, Parag B.; McCutcheon, Murray W.; Frank, Ian W. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 94, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3107263	journal	March 2009
Spontaneous emission and collection efficiency enhancement of single emitters in diamond via plasmonic cavities and gratings Choy, Jennifer T.; Bulu, Irfan; Hausmann, Birgit J. M. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4817397	journal	October 2013
Fabrication of triangular nanobeam waveguide networks in bulk diamond using single-crystal silicon hard masks Bayn, I.; Mouradian, S.; Li, L. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4902562	journal	November 2014
Deterministic coupling of delta-doped nitrogen vacancy centers to a nanobeam photonic crystal cavity Lee, Jonathan C.; Bracher, David O.; Cui, Shanying Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4904909	journal	December 2014
Rectangular photonic crystal nanobeam cavities in bulk diamond Mouradian, Sara; Wan, Noel H.; Schröder, Tim Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4992118	journal	July 2017
Selective Purcell enhancement of two closely linked zero-phonon transitions of a silicon carbide color center Bracher, David O.; Zhang, Xingyu; Hu, Evelyn L. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 114, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1704219114	journal	April 2017
Quantum key distribution using quantum dot single-photon emitting diodes in the red and near infrared spectral range Heindel, Tobias; Kessler, Christian A.; Rau, Markus New Journal of Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/14/8/083001	journal	August 2012
Electron–phonon processes of the silicon-vacancy centre in diamond Jahnke, Kay D.; Sipahigil, Alp; Binder, Jan M. New Journal of Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/17/4/043011	journal	April 2015
Photon blockade in two-emitter-cavity systems Radulaski, Marina; Fischer, Kevin A.; Lagoudakis, Konstantinos G. Physical Review A, Vol. 96, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.96.011801	journal	July 2017
Narrow-Linewidth Homogeneous Optical Emitters in Diamond Nanostructures via Silicon Ion Implantation Evans, Ruffin E.; Sipahigil, Alp; Sukachev, Denis D. Physical Review Applied, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.5.044010	journal	April 2016
Purcell-Enhanced Single-Photon Emission from Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers Coupled to a Tunable Microcavity Kaupp, Hanno; Hümmer, Thomas; Mader, Matthias Physical Review Applied, Vol. 6, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.6.054010	journal	November 2016
Cavity-Enhanced Single-Photon Source Based on the Silicon-Vacancy Center in Diamond Benedikter, Julia; Kaupp, Hanno; Hümmer, Thomas Physical Review Applied, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.7.024031	journal	February 2017
Fiber-Coupled Diamond Quantum Nanophotonic Interface Burek, Michael J.; Meuwly, Charles; Evans, Ruffin E. Physical Review Applied, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.8.024026	journal	August 2017
Optical and microwave control of germanium-vacancy center spins in diamond Siyushev, Petr; Metsch, Mathias H.; Ijaz, Aroosa Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.081201	journal	August 2017
Coupling of Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers to Photonic Crystal Cavities in Monocrystalline Diamond Faraon, Andrei; Santori, Charles; Huang, Zhihong Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.033604	journal	July 2012
Electronic Structure of the Silicon Vacancy Color Center in Diamond Hepp, Christian; Müller, Tina; Waselowski, Victor Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.036405	journal	January 2014
Boson Sampling with Single-Photon Fock States from a Bright Solid-State Source Loredo, J. C.; Broome, M. A.; Hilaire, P. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 118, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.130503	journal	March 2017
Time-Bin-Encoded Boson Sampling with a Single-Photon Device He, Yu; Ding, X.; Su, Z. -E. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 118, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.190501	journal	May 2017
Quantum Nonlinear Optics with a Germanium-Vacancy Color Center in a Nanoscale Diamond Waveguide Bhaskar, M. K.; Sukachev, D. D.; Sipahigil, A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 118, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.223603	journal	May 2017
Phase-Tuned Entangled State Generation between Distant Spin Qubits Stockill, R.; Stanley, M. J.; Huthmacher, L. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 119, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.010503	journal	July 2017
Observation of normal-mode splitting for an atom in an optical cavity Thompson, R. J.; Rempe, G.; Kimble, H. J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 68, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.68.1132	journal	February 1992
Dipole Induced Transparency in Drop-Filter Cavity-Waveguide Systems Waks, Edo; Vuckovic, Jelena Physical Review Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.153601	journal	April 2006
Hybrid Nanocavity Resonant Enhancement of Color Center Emission in Diamond Barclay, Paul E.; Fu, Kai-Mei C.; Santori, Charles Physical Review X, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.1.011007	journal	September 2011
Deterministic Enhancement of Coherent Photon Generation from a Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Ultrapure Diamond Riedel, Daniel; Söllner, Immo; Shields, Brendan J. Physical Review X, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031040	journal	September 2017
Linear optical quantum computing with photonic qubits Kok, Pieter; Munro, W. J.; Nemoto, Kae Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 79, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.135	journal	January 2007
Faraday cage angled-etching of nanostructures in bulk dielectrics Latawiec, Pawel; Burek, Michael J.; Sohn, Young-Ik Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena, Vol. 34, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4944854	journal	July 2016
Room-Temperature Quantum Bit Memory Exceeding One Second Maurer, P. C.; Kucsko, G.; Latta, C. Science, Vol. 336, Issue 6086 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1220513	journal	June 2012
An integrated diamond nanophotonics platform for quantum-optical networks Sipahigil, A.; Evans, R. E.; Sukachev, D. D. Science, Vol. 354, Issue 6314 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah6875	journal	October 2016
Planar photonic crystal cavities with far-field optimization for high coupling efficiency and quality factor Portalupi, Simone L.; Galli, Matteo; Reardon, Christopher Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.016064	journal	January 2010
Coupling of silicon-vacancy centers to a single crystal diamond cavity Lee, Jonathan C.; Aharonovich, Igor; Magyar, Andrew P. Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.008891	journal	January 2012
Complete coherent control of silicon vacancies in diamond nanopillars containing single defect centers Zhang, Jingyuan Linda; Lagoudakis, Konstantinos G.; Tzeng, Yan-Kai Optica, Vol. 4, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.4.001317	journal	January 2017

Cited By (21)

Inverse-Designed Diamond Photonics Dory, Constantin; Vercruysse, Dries; Yang, Ki Youl arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1812.02287	text	January 2018
Nanodiamond Integration with Photonic Devices Radulaski, Marina; Zhang, Jingyuan Linda; Tzeng, Yan‐Kai Laser & Photonics Reviews, Vol. 13, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.201800316	journal	July 2019
Diamond as a Platform for Integrated Quantum Photonics Lenzini, Francesco; Gruhler, Nico; Walter, Nicolai Advanced Quantum Technologies, Vol. 1, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.201800061	journal	October 2018
Building Blocks for Quantum Network Based on Group‐IV Split‐Vacancy Centers in Diamond Chen, Disheng; Zheludev, Nikolay; Gao, Wei‐bo Advanced Quantum Technologies, Vol. 3, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.201900069	journal	October 2019
Inverse-designed diamond photonics Dory, Constantin; Vercruysse, Dries; Yang, Ki Youl Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11343-1	journal	July 2019
Deterministic coupling of site-controlled quantum emitters in monolayer WSe2 to plasmonic nanocavities Luo, Yue; Shepard, Gabriella D.; Ardelean, Jenny V. Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 13, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-018-0275-z	journal	October 2018
Direct writing of single germanium vacancy center arrays in diamond Zhou, Yu; Mu, Zhao; Adamo, Giorgio New Journal of Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/aaf2ac	journal	December 2018
Enhanced spin state readout of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond using infrared fluorescence Meirzada, I.; Wolf, S. A.; Naiman, A. Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.100.125436	journal	September 2019
Strain engineering of the silicon-vacancy center in diamond Meesala, Srujan; Sohn, Young-Ik; Pingault, Benjamin Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.97.205444	journal	May 2018
Developing a time-domain method for simulating statistical behavior of many-emitter systems in the presence of electromagnetic field Hashemi, A. R.; Hosseini-Farzad, M. Physical Review E, Vol. 101, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.101.013308	journal	January 2020
Photon Blockade in Weakly Driven Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics Systems with Many Emitters Trivedi, Rahul; Radulaski, Marina; Fischer, Kevin A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.122.243602	journal	June 2019
Photon-mediated interactions between quantum emitters in a diamond nanocavity Evans, R. E.; Bhaskar, M. K.; Sukachev, D. D. Science, Vol. 362, Issue 6415 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau4691	journal	September 2018
Manipulating spontaneous emission spectra using two-dimensional elliptical microcavities Xu, Kaiyuan; Jiang, Chun Journal of the Optical Society of America B, Vol. 36, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.36.003514	journal	January 2019
Optical coherence of implanted silicon vacancy centers in thin diamond membranes Lekavicius, Ignas; Wang, Hailin Optics Express, Vol. 27, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.031299	journal	January 2019
Fabrication of highly dense arrays of nanocrystalline diamond nanopillars with integrated silicon-vacancy color centers during the growth Schmidt, Alexander; Naydenov, Boris; Jelezko, Fedor Optical Materials Express, Vol. 9, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1364/ome.9.004545	journal	January 2019
Advances in quantum light emission from 2D materials Chakraborty, Chitraleema; Vamivakas, Nick; Englund, Dirk Nanophotonics, Vol. 8, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2019-0140	journal	August 2019
Fabrication of highly dense arrays of nanocrystalline diamond nanopillars with integrated silicon-vacancy color centers during the growth Schmidt, Alexander; Naydenov, Boris; Jelezko, Fedor Universität Kassel https://doi.org/10.17170/kobra-20191114782	text	January 2019
Nanodiamond integration with photonic devices Radulaski, Marina; Zhang, Jingyuan Linda; Tzeng, Yan-Kai arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1610.03183	preprint	January 2016
Strain engineering of the silicon-vacancy center in diamond Meesala, Srujan; Sohn, Young-Ik; Pingault, Benjamin arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1801.09833	text	January 2018
Enhanced spin state readout of Nitrogen-Vacancy centers in diamond using IR fluorescence Meirzada, Idan; Wolf, Sigal A.; Naiman, Alex arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1906.05055	text	January 2019
Developing a time-domain method for simulating statistical behaviour of many-emitter systems in the presence of electromagnetic field Hashemi, Ali Reza; Hosseini-Farzad, Mahmood arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.09952	text	January 2019