Equation of state of neutron-rich matter in d-dimensions

Cai, Bao-Jun; Li, Bao-An

doi:10.1016/j.aop.2022.169062

Title: Equation of state of neutron-rich matter in d -dimensions

Journal Article · Fri Aug 12 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Annals of Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aop.2022.169062· OSTI ID:1882659

Cai, Bao-Jun ^[1];

^[2]

Shadow Creator Inc., Shanghai (China)
Texas A & M Univ., Commerce, TX (United States)

Nuclear systems under constraints, with high degrees of symmetries and/or collectivities may be considered as moving effectively in spaces with reduced spatial dimensions. We first derive analytical expressions for the nucleon specific energy E₀ (ρ), pressure P₀ (ρ), incompressibility coefficient K₀ (ρ) and skewness coefficient J₀ (ρ) of symmetric nucleonic matter (SNM), the quadratic symmetry energy E_sym (ρ), its slope parameter L(ρ) and curvature coefficient K_sym (ρ) as well as the fourth-order symmetry energy E_sym,4 (ρ) of neutron-rich matter in general d spatial dimensions (abbreviated as "dD") in terms of the isoscalar and isovector parts of the isospin-dependent single-nucleon potential according to the generalized Hugenholtz-Van Hove (HVH) theorem. The equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter in dD can be linked to that in the conventional 3-dimensional (3D) space by the ε-expansion which is a perturbative approach successfully used previously in treating second-order phase transitions and related critical phenomena and more recently in studying the EOS of cold atoms. The ε-expansion of nuclear EOS in dD based on a reference dimension d_f = d – ε is shown to be effective with –1 ≲ ε ≲ 1 starting from 1 ≲ d_f ≲ 3 in comparison with the exact expressions derived using the HVH theorem. Moreover, the EOS of SNM (with/without considering its potential part) is found to be reduced (enhanced) in lower (higher) dimensions, indicating in particular that the many-nucleon system tends to be deeper bounded but saturate at higher densities in spaces with lower dimensions. Here, the links between the EOSs in 3D and dD spaces from the ε-expansion provide new perspectives to the EOS of neutron-rich matter.

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Research Organization:: Texas A & M Univ., Commerce, TX (United States); Texas A&M University-Commerce, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0013702; SC0009971

OSTI ID:: 1882659

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1961232; OSTI ID: 2280884

Journal Information:: Annals of Physics, Vol. 444; ISSN 0003-4916

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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