Investigating Thaw and Plant Productivity Constraints on Old Soil Carbon Respiration From Permafrost

Mauritz, Marguerite; Pegoraro, Elaine; Ogle, Kiona; Ebert, Christopher; Schuur, Edward A.  G.

doi:10.1029/2020jg006000

Title: Investigating Thaw and Plant Productivity Constraints on Old Soil Carbon Respiration From Permafrost

Journal Article · Wed Jun 02 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jg006000· OSTI ID:1850976

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^[2]; Ogle, Kiona ^[3];

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Univ. of Texas at El Paso, TX (United States)
Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States). Center for Ecosystem Science and Society
Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States). Center for Ecosystem Science and Society; Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States). School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems

Abstract Isotopic radiocarbon (Δ ¹⁴ C) signatures of ecosystem respiration (Reco) can identify old soil carbon (C) loss and serve as an early indicator of permafrost destabilization in a warming climate. Warming also stimulates plant productivity causing plant respiration to dominate Reco Δ ¹⁴ C signatures and potentially obscuring old soil C loss. Here, we investigate how a wide spatio‐temporal gradient of permafrost thaw and plant productivity affects Reco Δ ¹⁴ C patterns and isotopic partitioning. Spatial gradients came from a warming experiment with doubling thaw depth and variable biomass, and a vegetation removal manipulation to eliminate plant contributions. We sampled in August and September to capture transitions from high to low plant productivity, decreased surface soil temperature, and relatively small seasonal thaw extensions. We found that surface processes dominate spatial variation in old soil C loss and a process‐based partitioning approach was crucial for constraining old soil C loss. Resampling the same plots in different times of the year revealed that old soil C losses tripled with cooling surface temperature, and the largest old soil C losses were detected when the organic‐to‐mineral soil horizons thawed (∼50–60 cm). We suggest that the measured increase in old soil respiration over the season and when the organic‐to‐mineral horizon thawed, may be explained by mobilization of nitrogen that stimulates microbial decomposition at depth. Our results suggest that soil C in the organic to mineral horizon may be an important source of soil C loss as the entire Arctic region warms and could lead to nonlinearities in projected permafrost climate feedbacks.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0006982; SC0014085; 1026415; 1203777; 0747195; DE‐SC0006982; DE‐SC0014085

OSTI ID:: 1850976

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1798550

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences, Vol. 126, Issue 6; ISSN 2169-8953

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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