Using Stable Carbon Isotopes of Seasonal Ecosystem Respiration to Determine Permafrost Carbon Loss

Mauritz, M.; Celis, G.; Ebert, C.; Hutchings, J.; Ledman, J.; Natali, S. M.; Pegoraro, E.; Salmon, V. G.; Schädel, C.; Taylor, M.; Schuur, E. A. G.

doi:10.1029/2018JG004619

Using Stable Carbon Isotopes of Seasonal Ecosystem Respiration to Determine Permafrost Carbon Loss

Journal Article · Wed Dec 19 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004619· OSTI ID:1489548

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[3]; Ledman, J. ^[2]; ^[4]; Pegoraro, E. ^[2]; ^[5]; ^[2]; ^[2]; Schuur, E. A. G. ^[2]

Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States); Univ. of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX (United States)
Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States)
Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO (United States)
Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

High latitude warming and permafrost thaw will expose vast stores of deep soil organic carbon (SOC) to decomposition. Thaw also changes water movement causing either wetter or drier soil. The fate of deep SOC under different thaw and moisture conditions is unclear. We measured weekly growing-season δ¹³C of ecosystem respiration (Recoδ¹³C) across thaw and moisture conditions (Shallow-Dry; Deep-Dry; Deep-Wet) in a soil warming manipulation. Deep SOC loss was inferred from known δ¹³C signatures of plant shoot, root, surface soil, and deep soil respiration. In addition, a two-year-old vegetation removal treatment (No Veg) was used to isolate surface and deep SOC decomposition contributions to Reco. In No Veg, seasonal Recoδ¹³C indicated that deep SOC loss increased as the soil column thawed while in vegetated areas root contributions appeared to dominate Reco. The Recoδ¹³C differences between Shallow-Dry and Deep-Dry were significant but surprisingly small. This most likely suggests that, under dry conditions, soil-warming stimulates root and surface SOC respiration with a negative ¹³C signature that opposes the more positive ¹³C signal from increased deep SOC respiration. In Deep-Wet conditions Recoδ¹³C suggests reduced deep SOC loss but could also reflect altered diffusion or methane (CH₄) dynamics. Together these results demonstrate that frequent Recoδ¹³C measurements can detect deep SOC loss, and that plants confound the signal. In conclusion, soil profile δ¹³C measurements, vegetation removal across thaw gradients, and isotopic effects of CH₄ dynamics could further deconvolute deep SOC loss via surface Reco.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; SC0006982; SC0014085

OSTI ID:: 1489548

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1490761

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 124; ISSN 2169-8953

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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