skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign

Journal Article · · The Astrophysical Journal. Letters
ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo more »; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo « less

In 2017, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration succeeded in capturing the first direct image of the center of the M87 galaxy. The asymmetric ring morphology and size are consistent with theoretical expectations for a weakly accreting supermassive black hole of mass ~6.5 × 109M. The EHTC also partnered with several international facilities in space and on the ground, to arrange an extensive, quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength campaign. This Letter presents the results and analysis of this campaign, as well as the multi-wavelength data as a legacy data repository. We captured M87 in a historically low state, and the core flux dominates over HST-1 at high energies, making it possible to combine core flux constraints with the more spatially precise very long baseline interferometry data. We present the most complete simultaneous multi-wavelength spectrum of the active nucleus to date, and discuss the complexity and caveats of combining data from different spatial scales into one broadband spectrum. We apply two heuristic, isotropic leptonic single-zone models to provide insight into the basic source properties, but conclude that a structured jet is necessary to explain M87's spectrum. We can exclude that the simultaneous γ-ray emission is produced via inverse Compton emission in the same region producing the EHT mm-band emission, and further conclude that the γ-rays can only be produced in the inner jets (inward of HST-1) if there are strongly particle-dominated regions. Direct synchrotron emission from accelerated protons and secondaries cannot yet be excluded.

Research Organization:
Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
Contributing Organization:
The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration; The Fermi Large Area Telescope Collaboration; H.E.S.S. Collaboration; MAGIC Collaboration; VERITAS Collaboration; EAVN Collaboration
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-07CH11359
OSTI ID:
1830381
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB-21-557-AE; arXiv:2104.06855; oai:inspirehep.net:1858262; TRN: US2216471
Journal Information:
The Astrophysical Journal. Letters, Vol. 911, Issue 1; ISSN 2041-8205
Publisher:
IOP PublishingCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (138)

The Innermost Collimation Structure of the m87 jet down to ∼10 Schwarzschild Radii journal September 2013
Event Pileup in Charge‐coupled Devices journal November 2001
The X‐Ray Emissions from the M87 Jet: Diagnostics and Physical Interpretation journal July 2005
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole journal April 2019
Energetics of TeV Blazars and Physical Constraints on Their Emission Regions journal January 2002
The Structure and Dynamics of the Subparsec Jet in M87 Based on 50 VLBA Observations over 17 Years at 43 GHz journal March 2018
The major upgrade of the MAGIC telescopes, Part II: A performance study using observations of the Crab Nebula journal January 2016
Maps of Dust Infrared Emission for Use in Estimation of Reddening and Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Foregrounds journal June 1998
The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. VI. Isophotal Analysis and the Structure of Early‐Type Galaxies journal June 2006
A search for new sources below 100 MeV in the Fermi-LAT data journal January 2019
Accretion onto the Supermassive Black Hole in M87 journal January 2003
A prescription for the turbulent heating of astrophysical plasmas: A prescription for turbulent heating journal October 2010
A Log‐Quadratic Relation for Predicting Supermassive Black Hole Masses from the Host Bulge Sersic Index journal January 2007
Electron and Proton Acceleration in Trans-relativistic Magnetic Reconnection: Dependence on Plasma Beta and Magnetization journal July 2018
2D modelling of the light distribution of early-type galaxies in a volume-limited sample - II. Results for real galaxies journal October 2001
VLBI study of 1038 + 528 A and B - Discovery of wavelength dependence of peak brightness location journal January 1984
Observational appearance of inefficient accretion flows and jets in 3D GRMHD simulations: Application to Sagittarius A* journal October 2014
Spatial likelihood analysis for MAGIC telescope data: From instrument response modelling to spectral extraction journal November 2018
Relativistic Electrons and Magnetic Fields of the m87 jet on the ∼10 Schwarzschild Radii Scale journal April 2014
Magnetic flux Paradigm for Radio Loudness of Active Galactic Nuclei journal February 2013
THE X-RAY FLUX DISTRIBUTION OF SAGITTARIUS A* AS SEEN BY CHANDRA journal January 2015
Hydromagnetic flows from accretion discs and the production of radio jets journal August 1982
Pilot KaVA monitoring on the M 87 jet: Confirming the inner jet structure and superluminal motions at sub-pc scales journal July 2017
Optical Polarization and Spectral Variability in the m87 jet journal November 2011
General relativistic magnetohydrodynamical κ -jet models for Sagittarius A* journal April 2018
Long-term millimeter VLBI monitoring of M 87 with KVN at milliarcsecond resolution: nuclear spectrum journal February 2018
Fermipy: An open-source Python package for analysis of Fermi-LAT Data conference August 2018
H I in the Galaxy journal September 1990
Testing the No-Hair Theorem with Observations in the Electromagnetic Spectrum. ii. Black hole Images journal June 2010
The ALMA Phasing System: A Beamforming Capability for Ultra-high-resolution Science at (Sub)Millimeter Wavelengths journal December 2017
The inner halo of M 87: a first direct view of the red-giant population journal November 2010
General relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of accretion on to Sgr A*: how important are radiative losses?: GRMHD simulations of accretion around Sgr A* journal October 2012
Imfit: a Fast, Flexible new Program for Astronomical Image Fitting journal January 2015
Electron thermodynamics in GRMHD simulations of low-luminosity black hole accretion journal October 2015
The matter content of the jet in M87: evidence for an electron--positronjet journal December 1996
VLBA Absorption Imaging of Ionized Gas Associated with the Accretion Disk in NGC 1275 journal February 2000
Monitoring of the radio galaxy M 87 during a low-emission state from 2012 to 2015 with MAGIC journal January 2020
VLBI observations of bright AGN jets with the KVN and VERA Array (KaVA): Evaluation of imaging capability journal December 2014
The relationship between infrared, optical, and ultraviolet extinction journal October 1989
Structure and Formation of Elliptical and Spheroidal Galaxies journal April 2009
HIGH-SENSITIVITY 86 GHz (3.5 mm) VLBI OBSERVATIONS OF M87: DEEP IMAGING OF THE JET BASE AT A RESOLUTION OF 10 SCHWARZSCHILD RADII journal January 2016
The GENJI Programme: Gamma-Ray Emitting Notable AGN Monitoring by Japanese VLBI journal April 2013
Kinematics of the jet in M 87 on scales of 100–1000 Schwarzschild radii journal October 2016
The Event Horizon General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Code Comparison Project journal August 2019
The Carnegie-Irvine Galaxy Survey. iii. the Three-Component Structure of Nearby Elliptical Galaxies journal March 2013
Photometric calibration of the Swift ultraviolet/optical telescope: Photometric calibration of the Swift UVOT journal December 2007
Dynamics and high-energy emission of the flaring HST-1 knot in the M 87 jet journal August 2006
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. The Shadow and Mass of the Central Black Hole journal April 2019
Observations of the Crab nebula with HESS journal September 2006
Fast Variability of Tera-Electron Volt   Rays from the Radio Galaxy M87 journal December 2006
Electromagnetic extraction of energy from Kerr black holes journal July 1977
Veritas 2008-2009 Monitoring of the Variable Gamma-Ray Source m 87 journal May 2010
The first catalog of Fermi -LAT sources below 100 MeV journal October 2018
THE NUCLEAR SPECTROSCOPIC TELESCOPE ARRAY ( NuSTAR ) HIGH-ENERGY X-RAY MISSION journal May 2013
Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Observations of Strong Flaring Activity in M87 in 2008 February journal August 2008
The Swift Gamma‐Ray Burst Mission journal August 2004
The near-IR Mbh-L and Mbh-n relations: Mbh-L and Mbh-n relations journal November 2011
M 87 at metre wavelengths: the LOFAR picture journal October 2012
Parameter estimation in astronomy through application of the likelihood ratio journal March 1979
Emission and Absorption in the M87 LINER journal February 2003
The Structure of the m87 jet: a Transition from Parabolic to Conical Streamlines journal January 2012
Fermi large area telescope observations of the cosmic-ray induced γ -ray emission of the Earth’s atmosphere journal December 2009
Variability Timescale and Spectral Index of Sgr A* in the Near Infrared: Approximate Bayesian Computation Analysis of the Variability of the Closest Supermassive Black Hole journal August 2018
Observation of Gamma‐Ray Emission from the Galaxy M87 above 250 GeV with VERITAS1 journal May 2008
Capabilities and prospects of the East Asia Very Long Baseline Interferometry Network journal January 2018
INTERFEROMETRIC MONITORING OF GAMMA-RAY BRIGHT AGNs. I. THE RESULTS OF SINGLE-EPOCH MULTIFREQUENCY OBSERVATIONS journal November 2016
Formation of the radio jet in M87 at 100 Schwarzschild radii from the central black hole journal October 1999
A new view on the M 87 jet origin: Turbulent loading leading to large-scale episodic wiggling journal April 2017
On the Absorption of X‐Rays in the Interstellar Medium journal October 2000
Limits and confidence intervals in the presence of nuisance parameters
  • Rolke, Wolfgang A.; López, Angel M.; Conrad, Jan
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 551, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2005.05.068
journal October 2005
Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog journal March 2020
Verification of Radiative Transfer Schemes for the EHT journal July 2020
Ensemble samplers with affine invariance journal January 2010
Collisional Plasma Models with APEC/APED: Emission-Line Diagnostics of Hydrogen-like and Helium-like Ions journal August 2001
The acs Fornax Cluster Survey. v. Measurement and Recalibration of Surface Brightness Fluctuations and a Precise Value of the Fornax-Virgo Relative Distance journal March 2009
Event Horizon Telescope imaging of the archetypal blazar 3C 279 at an extreme 20 microarcsecond resolution journal August 2020
Broadband spectrum of the total X-ray emission from the galaxy M31 journal January 2014
The Swift Ultra-Violet/Optical Telescope journal October 2005
VLBI detection of the HST-1 feature in the M 87 jet at 2 cm journal June 2010
Polarimetric Properties of Event Horizon Telescope Targets from ALMA journal March 2021
Unprecedented Near-infrared Brightness and Variability of Sgr A* journal September 2019
Mojave: Monitoring of jets in Active Galactic Nuclei with vlba Experiments. xi. Spectral Distributions journal May 2014
HI4PI: a full-sky H i survey based on EBHIS and GASS journal October 2016
The limb-brightened jet of M87 down to the 7 Schwarzschild radii scale journal August 2018
M 87 as a misaligned synchrotron-proton blazar journal April 2004
emcee : The MCMC Hammer
  • Foreman-Mackey, Daniel; Hogg, David W.; Lang, Dustin
  • Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 125, Issue 925 https://doi.org/10.1086/670067
journal March 2013
The Likelihood Analysis of EGRET Data journal April 1996
The 2010 very high Energy γ-Ray Flare and 10 Years of Multi-Wavelength Observations of m 87 journal February 2012
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation journal April 2019
Superluminal Radio Features in the M87 Jet and the Site of Flaring TeV Gamma-Ray Emission journal June 2007
Eventdisplay: An Analysis and Reconstruction Package for Ground-based Gamma-ray Astronomy conference August 2018
An origin of the radio jet in M87 at the location of the central black hole journal September 2011
The Parabolic jet Structure in m87 as a Magnetohydrodynamic Nozzle journal September 2013
Rapid X-ray flaring from the direction of the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Centre journal September 2001
Hard X-Ray Emission from the M87 AGN Detected with NuSTAR journal October 2017
Parabolic Jets from the Spinning Black Hole in M87 journal December 2018
DiFX-2: A More Flexible, Efficient, Robust, and Powerful Software Correlator
  • Deller, A. T.; Brisken, W. F.; Phillips, C. J.
  • Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 123, Issue 901 https://doi.org/10.1086/658907
journal March 2011
Accurate formula for the self-Compton X-ray flux density from a uniform, spherical, compact radio source journal January 1983
Black Hole Spin Signature in the Black Hole Shadow of M87 in the Flaring State journal June 2019
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VII. Polarization of the Ring journal March 2021
The central parsecs of M87: jet emission and an elusive accretion disc journal February 2016
THE LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ON THE FERMI GAMMA-RAY SPACE TELESCOPE MISSION journal May 2009
Chandra Spectral and Timing Analysis of Sgr A*'s Brightest X-Ray Flares journal November 2019
On the calibration of full-polarization 86 GHz global VLBI observations journal June 2012
A High‐Resolution X‐Ray Image of the Jet in M87 journal January 2002
Relativistic jets as compact radio sources journal August 1979
Chandra X‐Ray Spectroscopic Imaging of Sagittarius A* and the Central Parsec of the Galaxy journal July 2003
Hubble Space Telescope Observations of Superluminal Motion in the M87 Jet journal August 1999
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole journal April 2019
Magnetization Degree at the jet base of m87 Derived from the Event Horizon Telescope Data: Testing the Magnetically Driven jet Paradigm journal April 2015
General relativistic magnetohydrodynamical simulations of the jet in M 87 journal January 2016
High-resolution, high dynamic range VLA images of the M87 jet at 2 centimeters journal May 1989
Chandra X‐Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy of the M87 Jet and Nucleus journal March 2002
Accelerating AGN jets to parsec scales using general relativistic MHD simulations journal September 2019
Radio observations of active galactic nuclei with mm-VLBI journal November 2017
A Strong Radio Brightening at the jet base of m 87 During the Elevated very high Energy Gamma-Ray State in 2012 journal June 2014
Magnetic acceleration of relativistic active galactic nucleus jets: Magnetic acceleration of AGN jets journal July 2007
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. III. Data Processing and Calibration journal April 2019
The kinematic of HST-1 in the jet of M 87 journal February 2012
Is the giant radio galaxy M 87 a TeV gamma-ray emitter? journal April 2003
FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE GAMMA-RAY DETECTION OF THE RADIO GALAXY M87 journal November 2009
MAGIC observations of the giant radio galaxy M 87 in a low-emission state between 2005 and 2007 journal August 2012
Kinematics of the M87 Jet in the Collimation Zone: Gradual Acceleration and Velocity Stratification journal December 2019
HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF AN EXTRAORDINARY FLARE IN THE M87 JET journal March 2009
γ/hadron separation in very-high-energy γ-ray astronomy using a multivariate analysis method journal June 2009
Detection of Superluminal Motion in the X-Ray Jet of M87 journal June 2019
Energy distribution of relativistic electrons in the kiloparsec scale jet of M 87 with Chandra journal April 2018
Efficiency of Magnetic to Kinetic Energy Conversion in a Monopole Magnetosphere journal June 2009
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VIII. Magnetic Field Structure near The Event Horizon journal March 2021
Linear polarization in the nucleus of M87 at 7 mm and 1.3 cm journal May 2020
Calibration of ALMA as a Phased Array. ALMA Observations During the 2017 VLBI Campaign journal May 2019
On the comparison of AGN with GRMHD simulations: I. Sgr A* journal February 2020
Performance of the MAGIC telescopes under moonlight journal September 2017
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Physical Origin of the Asymmetric Ring journal April 2019
Subluminal motion and limb brightening in the nuclear jet of M87 journal January 1989
Kinetic Luminosity and Composition of Active Galactic Nuclei Jets journal January 2005
A Monte Carlo template based analysis for air-Cherenkov arrays journal April 2014
The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey (NGVS). XVIII. Measurement and Calibration of Surface Brightness Fluctuation Distances for Bright Galaxies in Virgo (and Beyond) journal March 2018


Similar Records

First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Physical Origin of the Asymmetric Ring
Journal Article · Wed Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online) · OSTI ID:1830381

The 2010 Very High Energy γ-Ray Flare And 10 Years Of Multi-Wavelength Observations Of M 87
Journal Article · Thu Feb 02 00:00:00 EST 2012 · The Astrophysical Journal · OSTI ID:1830381

FERMI Large Area Telescope Gamma-Ray Detection of the Radio Galaxy M87
Journal Article · Tue Nov 17 00:00:00 EST 2009 · The Astrophysical Journal · OSTI ID:1830381