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Title: Use of a Lewis acid, a Brønsted acid, and their binary mixtures for the hydrothermal liquefaction of lignocellulose

Journal Article · · Fuel
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [4]
  1. Karabuk Univ. (Turkey)
  2. Univ. of Tennessee Inst. of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN (United States)
  3. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
  4. Univ. of Tennessee Inst. of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

The main objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of a Lewis acid, Brønsted acid, and their combined use on the hydrothermal liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass. Hydrothermal liquefaction of teak wood was conducted at 250, 300 and 350 °C for 15, 30 and 60 min. Hydrothermal liquefaction of teak wood was carried out at 300 °C for 30 min (the best optimum conditions) without and with the use of Mg(ClO4)2, HClO4, and HClO4/Mg(ClO4)2 at various loadings (2–10 mmol/15 g wood). The highest bio-oil yield was obtained with the non-catalytic run. All tested catalysts have negative effect on bio-oil yields. The bio-oil yields generally decreased with increasing the catalyst loadings. The deoxygenation degree in bio-oils changed depending on the type of catalyst and loading. A high degree of de-oxygenation took place with Mg(ClO4)2 catalysts. An increased catalyst loading led to decreased aromatic contents of bio-oils catalyzed by either Mg(ClO4)2 or HClO4. The use of a catalyst increased total naphtha fractions in bio-oils. The highest heating value of the bio-oil was estimated to be approximately 30 MJ/kg. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the bio-oils from the non-catalytic and catalytic runs contained aldehydes, ketones, phenols, acids, esters and alcohols. Furthermore, the relative yields of the oxygenated compounds were affected by catalyst type.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1824969
Journal Information:
Fuel, Vol. 304, Issue -; ISSN 0016-2361
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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