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Title: Electrolyzers Enhancing Flexibility in Electric Grids

Journal Article · · Energies
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/en10111836· OSTI ID:1415122
 [1];  [1];  [2]; ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [2];  [1];  [2]
  1. Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
  2. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
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This paper presents a real-time simulation with hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) based approach for verifying the performance of electrolyzer systems in providing grid support. Hydrogen refueling stations premdominantly use electrolyzer systems to generate hydrogen, and are proposed to have the potential of becoming smarter loads which can pro-actively provide grid services. Based on experimental findings electrolyzer systems are observed to have a high level of controllability and hence can add flexibility to the grid from demand side. Greater awareness and controllability is proposed, developed, implemented, and tested by a 'frond end controller' in real-time environment. It can optimize the operation of electrolyzer systems based on the information collected by a communication module. Real-time tests are performed to verify the performance of front end controller driven electrolyzers to provide grid support that enables greater economic revenue and grid support for hydrogen producers under dynamic conditions. The front end controller proposed in this paper is tested with electrolyzers, however it is proposed as a generic control topology that is applicable to any load.

Research Organization:
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Program (EE-3F)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC36-08GO28308; AC07-05ID14517
OSTI ID:
1415122
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1408884
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA-5400-70720; INL/JOU-17-43313; ENERGA
Journal Information:
Energies, Vol. 10, Issue 11; ISSN 1996-1073
Publisher:
MDPI AGCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 20 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (1)

Dynamic Emulation of a PEM Electrolyzer by Time Constant Based Exponential Model journal February 2019

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Related Subjects

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
smarter load
front end controller
grid services
hydrogen
08 HYDROGEN
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION