Spatial luminescence imaging of dopant incorporation in CdTe Films

Guthrey, Harvey; Moseley, John; Colegrove, Eric; Burst, James; Albin, David; Metzger, Wyatt K.; Al-Jassim, Mowafak

doi:10.1063/1.4974459

Title: Spatial luminescence imaging of dopant incorporation in CdTe Films

Journal Article · Wed Jan 25 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Journal of Applied Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4974459· OSTI ID:1342822

Guthrey, Harvey ^[1]; Moseley, John ^[1]; Colegrove, Eric ^[1]; Burst, James ^[1]; Albin, David ^[1]; Metzger, Wyatt K. ^[1]; Al-Jassim, Mowafak ^[1]

National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

State-of-the-art cathodoluminescence (CL) spectrum imaging with spectrum-per-pixel CL emission mapping is applied to spatially profile how dopant elements are incorporated into Cadmium telluride (CdTe). Emission spectra and intensity monitor the spatial distribution of additional charge carriers through characteristic variations in the CL emission based on computational modeling. Our results show that grain boundaries play a role in incorporating dopants in CdTe exposed to copper, phosphorus, and intrinsic point defects in CdTe. Furthermore, the image analysis provides critical, unique feedback to understand dopant incorporation and activation in the inhomogeneous CdTe material, which has struggled to reach high levels of hole density.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1342822

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1361747

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5K00-67135

Journal Information:: Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 121, Issue 4; ISSN 0021-8979

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 4 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (27)

Post-growth doping of bulk CdTe crystals with phosphorus Alnajjar, A. A.; Watson, C. C. R.; Brinkman, A. W. Journal of Crystal Growth, Vol. 117, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(92)90780-M	journal	February 1992
Evidence of a deep donor in CdTe Kuhn, T. A.; Ossau, W.; Waag, A. Journal of Crystal Growth, Vol. 117, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(92)90832-4	journal	February 1992
Single-crystal CdTe solar cells with V _oc greater than 900 mV Duenow, J. N.; Burst, J. M.; Albin, D. S. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4892401	journal	August 2014
Recombination by grain-boundary type in CdTe Moseley, John; Metzger, Wyatt K.; Moutinho, Helio R. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 118, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4926726	journal	July 2015
Photoluminescence studies in N, P, As implanted cadmium telluride Molva, E.; Saminadayar, K.; Pautrat, J. L. Solid State Communications, Vol. 48, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(83)90539-2	journal	December 1983
Chemical trends of defect formation and doping limit in II-VI semiconductors: The case of CdTe Wei, Su-Huai; Zhang, S. B. Physical Review B, Vol. 66, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.66.155211	journal	October 2002
Luminescence study of copper‐implanted and rapid‐thermal‐annealed cadmium telluride James, K. M.; Merz, J. L.; Jones, C. E. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.575527	journal	July 1988
Identification of Cu and Ag acceptors in CdTe Chamonal, J. P.; Molva, E.; Pautrat, J. L. Solid State Communications, Vol. 43, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(82)90843-2	journal	September 1982
Localized defects in p-CdTe:Cu doped by copper incorporation during Bridgman growth Laurenti, J. P.; Bastide, G.; Rouzeyre, M. Solid State Communications, Vol. 67, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(88)91069-1	journal	September 1988
Solar cell efficiency tables (version 47): Solar cell efficiency tables Green, Martin A.; Emery, Keith; Hishikawa, Yoshihiro Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, Vol. 24, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.2728	journal	November 2015
Phosphorus implanted cadmium telluride solar cells Kraft, C.; Brömel, A.; Schönherr, S. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 519, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2011.01.389	journal	August 2011
Shallow Acceptors in Cadmium Telluride Molva, F.; Chamonal, J. P.; Pautrat, J. L. physica status solidi (b), Vol. 109, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.2221090222	journal	February 1982
Photoluminescence of Cu-doped CdTe and related stability issues in CdS/CdTe solar cells Grecu, D.; Compaan, A. D.; Young, D. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 88, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1287414	journal	September 2000
Excited states of Ag and Cu acceptors in CdTe Molva, E.; Chamonal, J. P.; Milchberg, G. Solid State Communications, Vol. 44, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(82)90869-9	journal	October 1982
Effects of grain boundary on impurity gettering and oxygen precipitation in polycrystalline sheet silicon Lu, Jinggang; Wagener, Magnus; Rozgonyi, George Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 94, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1578699	journal	July 2003
Direct Imaging of Cl- and Cu-Induced Short-Circuit Efficiency Changes in CdTe Solar Cells Poplawsky, Jonathan D.; Paudel, Naba R.; Li, Chen Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201400454	journal	May 2014
CdTe solar cells with open-circuit voltage breaking the 1 V barrier Burst, J. M.; Duenow, J. N.; Albin, D. S. Nature Energy, Vol. 1, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.15	journal	February 2016
The impact of Cu on recombination in high voltage CdTe solar cells Kuciauskas, Darius; Dippo, Pat; Kanevce, Ana Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4938127	journal	December 2015
Carrier density and lifetime for different dopants in single-crystal and polycrystalline CdTe Burst, James M.; Farrell, Stuart B.; Albin, David S. APL Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4966209	journal	November 2016
Correlative impurity distribution analysis in cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin-film solar cells by ToF-SIMS 2D imaging Mao, Dan; Blatz, Graham; Wickersham, C. E. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 157 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2016.05.019	journal	December 2016
Acceptor states in CdTe and comparison with ZnTe. General trends Molva, E.; Pautrat, J. L.; Saminadayar, K. Physical Review B, Vol. 30, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.30.3344	journal	September 1984
Photoluminescence and recombination centers in phosphorus-doped and undoped CdTe heat-treated under component vapour pressures Saraie, J.; Shinohara, H.; Edamatsu, H. Journal of Luminescence, Vol. 21, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2313(80)90026-5	journal	July 1980
Solar cell efficiency tables Green, Martin A.; Emery, Keith Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.4670010104	journal	January 1993
Carrier density and compensation in semiconductors with multiple dopants and multiple transition energy levels: Case of Cu impurities in CdTe Ma, Jie; Wei, Su-Huai; Gessert, T. A. Physical Review B, Vol. 83, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.245207	journal	June 2011
Cathodoluminescence spectrum imaging analysis of CdTe thin-film bevels Moseley, John; Al-Jassim, Mowafak M.; Guthrey, Harvey L. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 120, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4962286	journal	September 2016
Optical investigations of defects in ${Cd}_{1 - x}$ ${Zn}_{x}$ Te Stadler, W.; Hofmann, D. M.; Alt, H. C. Physical Review B, Vol. 51, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.51.10619	journal	April 1995
Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy Balk, Ludwig Josef Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics Volume 71 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2539(08)60900-2	book	January 1988

Cited By (1)

Exceeding 20% efficiency with in situ group V doping in polycrystalline CdTe solar cells Metzger, W. K.; Grover, S.; Lu, D. Nature Energy, Vol. 4, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-019-0446-7	journal	August 2019

Similar Records

Spatial Distribution of Dopant Incorporation in CdTe

Conference · Mon Nov 21 00:00:00 EST 2016 · OSTI ID:1342822

Guthrey, Harvey; Moseley, John; Colegrove, Eric; +4 more

Distribution of Copper States, Phases, and Defects across the Depth of a Cu-Doped CdTe Solar Cell

Journal Article · Tue Nov 21 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Chemistry of Materials · OSTI ID:1342822

Rojsatien, Srisuda; Mannodi-Kanakkithodi, Arun; Walker, Trumann; +9 more

Photon-counting hexagonal pixel array CdTe detector: Spatial resolution characteristics for image-guided interventional applications

Journal Article · Sun May 15 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Medical Physics · OSTI ID:1342822

Vedantham, Srinivasan; Shrestha, Suman; Karellas, Andrew; +6 more

Related Subjects

14 SOLAR ENERGY
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
cadmium telluride
cathodoluminescence
dopant distribution
grain boundaries

Title: Spatial luminescence imaging of dopant incorporation in CdTe Films

Citation Formats

References (27)

Cited By (1)

Similar Records

Related Subjects