Intrinsically stretchable and healable semiconducting polymer for organic transistors

Oh, Jin Young; Rondeau-Gagné, Simon; Chiu, Yu-Cheng; Chortos, Alex; Lissel, Franziska; Wang, Ging-Ji Nathan; Schroeder, Bob C.; Kurosawa, Tadanori; Lopez, Jeffrey; Katsumata, Toru; Xu, Jie; Zhu, Chenxin; Gu, Xiaodan; Bae, Won-Gyu; Kim, Yeongin; Jin, Lihua; Chung, Jong Won; Tok, Jeffrey B. -H.; Bao, Zhenan

doi:10.1038/nature20102

Title: Intrinsically stretchable and healable semiconducting polymer for organic transistors

Journal Article · Wed Nov 16 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Nature (London)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/nature20102· OSTI ID:1360199

Oh, Jin Young ^[1]; Rondeau-Gagné, Simon ^[1]; Chiu, Yu-Cheng ^[1]; Chortos, Alex ^[1]; Lissel, Franziska ^[1]; Wang, Ging-Ji Nathan ^[1]; Schroeder, Bob C. ^[1]; Kurosawa, Tadanori ^[1]; Lopez, Jeffrey ^[1]; Katsumata, Toru ^[2]; Xu, Jie ^[1]; Zhu, Chenxin ^[3]; Gu, Xiaodan ^[4]; Bae, Won-Gyu ^[1]; Kim, Yeongin ^[3]; Jin, Lihua ^[5]; Chung, Jong Won ^[6]; Tok, Jeffrey B. -H. ^[1]; Bao, Zhenan ^[1]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Asahi Kasei Corporation, Fuji (Japan). Corporate Research and Development, Performance Materials Technology Center
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Samsung Advanced Inst. of Technology, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si (South Korea)

Developing a molecular design paradigm for conjugated polymers applicable to intrinsically stretchable semiconductors is crucial toward the next generation of wearable electronics. Current molecular design rules for high charge carrier mobility semiconducting polymers are unable to render the fabricated devices simultaneously stretchable and mechanically robust. Here in this paper, we present a new design concept to address the above challenge, while maintaining excellent electronic performance. This concept involves introducing chemical moieties to promote dynamic non-covalent crosslinking of the conjugated polymers. These non-covalent covalent crosslinking moieties are able to undergo an energy dissipation mechanism through breakage of bonds when strain is applied, while retaining its high charge transport ability. As a result, our polymer is able to recover its high mobility performance (>1 cm²/Vs) even after 100 cycles at 100% applied strain. Furthermore, we observed that the polymer can be efficiently repaired and/or healed with a simple heat and solvent treatment. These improved mechanical properties of our fabricated stretchable semiconductor enabled us to fabricate highly stretchable and high performance wearable organic transistors. This material design concept should illuminate and advance the pathways for future development of fully stretchable and healable skin-inspired wearable electronics.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; FA9550-15-1-0106; DGE-114747

OSTI ID:: 1360199

Journal Information:: Nature (London), Vol. 539, Issue 7629; ISSN 0028-0836

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 833 works

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Metal-hygroscopic polymer conductors that can secrete solders for connections in stretchable devices Tang, Lixue; Mou, Lei; Shang, Jin Materials Horizons, Vol. 7, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9mh01761e	journal	January 2020
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Scalable nanomanufacturing of inkjet-printed wearable energy storage devices Huang, Tao-Tse; Wu, Wenzhuo Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta05239a	journal	January 2019
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Multi-dimensional nanocomposites for stretchable thermoelectric applications Kim, Jun Yeob; Oh, Jin Young; Lee, Tae Il Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5080622	journal	January 2019
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Nonthrombogenic, stretchable, active multielectrode array for electroanatomical mapping Lee, Wonryung; Kobayashi, Shingo; Nagase, Masase Science Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau2426	journal	October 2018
Conjugated Polymers Containing Building Blocks 1,3,4,6-Tetraarylpyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-2,5-dione (isoDPP), Benzodipyrrolidone (BDP) or Naphthodipyrrolidone (NDP): A Review Deng, Zhifeng; Ai, Taotao; Li, Rui Polymers, Vol. 11, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11101683	journal	October 2019
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Isoindigo-Based Polymers with Small Effective Masses for High-Mobility Ambipolar Field-Effect Transistors Yang, Jie; Zhao, Zhiyuan; Geng, Hua Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201702115	journal	July 2017
Water-Enabled Healing of Conducting Polymer Films Zhang, Shiming; Cicoira, Fabio Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201703098	journal	August 2017
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Advanced Materials for Next‐Generation Spacecraft Levchenko, Igor; Bazaka, Kateryna; Belmonte, Thierry Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 50 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201802201	journal	August 2018
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Material‐Based Approaches for the Fabrication of Stretchable Electronics Kim, Dong Chan; Shim, Hyung Joon; Lee, Woongchan Advanced Materials, Vol. 32, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201902743	journal	April 2020
The Effects of Side Chains on the Charge Mobilities and Functionalities of Semiconducting Conjugated Polymers beyond Solubilities Yang, Yizhou; Liu, Zitong; Zhang, Guanxin Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201903104	journal	September 2019
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Stretchable Polymer Semiconductors for Plastic Electronics Wang, Ging-Ji Nathan; Gasperini, Andrea; Bao, Zhenan Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201700429	journal	January 2018
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Ultraflexible and Lightweight Bamboo-Derived Transparent Electrodes for Perovskite Solar Cells Zhu, Kaiping; Lu, Zheng; Cong, Shan Small, Vol. 15, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201902878	journal	June 2019
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Flexible self-charging power units for portable electronics based on folded carbon paper Zhou, Changjie; Yang, Yanqin; Sun, Na Nano Research, Vol. 11, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-018-2018-8	journal	March 2018
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Fully laser-patterned stretchable microsupercapacitors integrated with soft electronic circuit components Park, Sangbaek; Lee, Hyub; Kim, Young-Jin NPG Asia Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41427-018-0080-z	journal	October 2018
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Solution-processed PDMS/SWCNT porous electrodes with high mass loading: toward high performance all-stretchable-component lithium ion batteries Liang, Jing; Wang, Shuya; Yu, Hongyan Sustainable Energy & Fuels, Vol. 4, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9se01120j	journal	January 2020
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Stretchable self-healable semiconducting polymer film for active-matrix strain-sensing array Oh, Jin Young; Son, Donghee; Katsumata, Toru Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav3097	journal	November 2019
Stretchable elastic synaptic transistors for neurologically integrated soft engineering systems Shim, Hyunseok; Sim, Kyoseung; Ershad, Faheem Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax4961	journal	October 2019
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Light Down-Converter Based on Luminescent Nanofibers from the Blending of Conjugated Rod-Coil Block Copolymers and Perovskite through Electrospinning Jiang, Dai-Hua; Kobayashi, Saburo; Jao, Chih-Chun Polymers, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12010084	journal	January 2020
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Self‐Healable Multifunctional Electronic Tattoos Based on Silk and Graphene Wang, Qi; Ling, Shengjie; Liang, Xiaoping Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201808695	journal	February 2019
Highly Stretchable, High‐Mobility, Free‐Standing All‐Organic Transistors Modulated by Solid‐State Elastomer Electrolytes Park, Do Hyung; Park, Han Wool; Chung, Jong Won Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201808909	journal	February 2019
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3D Orthogonal Woven Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Effective Biomechanical Energy Harvesting and as Self-Powered Active Motion Sensors Dong, Kai; Deng, Jianan; Zi, Yunlong Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201702648	journal	August 2017
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Stretchable Organometal‐Halide‐Perovskite Quantum‐Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes Li, Yun‐Fei; Chou, Shu‐Yu; Huang, Peng Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201807516	journal	January 2019
When Flexible Organic Field‐Effect Transistors Meet Biomimetics: A Prospective View of the Internet of Things Shi, Wei; Guo, Yunlong; Liu, Yunqi Advanced Materials https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201901493	journal	June 2019
Rubbery Electronics Fully Made of Stretchable Elastomeric Electronic Materials Sim, Kyoseung; Rao, Zhoulyu; Ershad, Faheem Advanced Materials https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201902417	journal	June 2019
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Self-healable electroluminescent devices Liang, Guojin; Liu, Zhuoxin; Mo, Funian Light: Science & Applications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-018-0096-8	journal	December 2018
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Self-healing electronic skins for aquatic environments Cao, Yue; Tan, Yu Jun; Li, Si Nature Electronics, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-019-0206-5	journal	February 2019
A self-healing and stretchable light-emitting device Shi, Xiang; Zhou, Xufeng; Zhang, Ye Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8tc02828a	journal	January 2018
Biodegradable Polymeric Materials in Degradable Electronic Devices Feig, Vivian R.; Tran, Helen; Bao, Zhenan ACS Central Science, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.7b00595	journal	February 2018
Stretchable and Fully Degradable Semiconductors for Transient Electronics Tran, Helen; Feig, Vivian Rachel; Liu, Kathy ACS Central Science, Vol. 5, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.9b00850	journal	September 2019
Conformal transistor arrays based on solution-processed organic crystals Zhao, Xiaoli; Zhang, Bing; Tang, Qingxin Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15518-y	journal	November 2017
High Resolution Micro-patterning of Stretchable Polymer Electrodes through Directed Wetting Localization Kang, Sujie; Lee, Bo-Yeon; Lee, Sin-Hyung Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49322-7	journal	September 2019
Electric Field Assisted Self-Healing of Open Circuits with Conductive Particle-Insulating Fluid Dispersions: Optimizing Dispersion Concentration. Parab, Virendra; Prasad, Oppili; Pillai, Sreelal Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.48551	text	January 2019
A Skin-Conformal, Stretchable, and Breathable Fiducial Marker Patch for Surgical Navigation Systems Lee, Sangkyu; Seong, Duhwan; Yoon, Jiyong Micromachines, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11020194	journal	February 2020
Materials, Mechanics, and Patterning Techniques for Elastomer-Based Stretchable Conductors Yu, Xiaowei; Mahajan, Bikram; Shou, Wan Micromachines, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/mi8010007	journal	December 2016
Characterization of Distributed Microfabricated Strain Gauges on Stretchable Sensor Networks for Structural Applications Chen, Xiyuan; Topac, Tanay; Smith, Wyatt Sensors, Vol. 18, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103260	journal	September 2018
From absorption spectra to charge transfer in PEDOT nanoaggregates with machine learning Roch, Loïc M.; Saikin, Semion K.; Häse, Florian arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1909.10768	preprint	January 2019

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