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Title: First graded metal pushered single shell capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility

Abstract

Graded metal pushered single shell (PSS) capsules are predicted to be a viable alternative to low-Z capsule indirect drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions for achieving high fusion yields [MacLaren et al., Phys. Plasmas 28, 122710 (2021)]. The first experiments with Be/Cr-graded metal PSS capsules indicate that the implementation of the principle design feature, the graded density inner metal layer, has succeeded in producing a stable implosion with performance in agreement with predictions. With 50% Cr concentration in the pusher, PSS capsules have greater than ~2× higher shell densities during stagnation for enhanced core confinement and radiation trapping at ~35% lower shell implosion velocities than low-Z capsules. High-energy >30 keV inflight shell radiography recorded 215 km/s implosion velocities and show that implosion Legendre mode P2 asymmetry can be tuned via inner-to-outer beam wavelength separation, similar to other implosions. Shell radiographs and neutron core images show similar P2 asymmetry, suggesting no symmetry swings between peak implosion velocity and stagnation times. Despite the modest implosion velocities, gas-filled deuterium–tritium capsule implosions generate 1015 neutron yields at relatively modest core ion temperatures of 2.75 keV, indicating that in spite of the high-density inner layer, the implosions have been stabilized by the design density gradient.more » When compared with hydrodynamic simulations, the measured yield-over-simulated is 35% due to fuel–pusher mix and other perturbations such as the capsule fill tube. Finally, simple analytical scalings of hot spot pressure and neutron yield show that PSS implosions reach similar performance at lower implosion velocities and higher shell densities to low-Z ICF capsules.« less

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+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  2. General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
  3. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  4. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
OSTI Identifier:
1984192
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-829438
Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X; 1045046; TRN: US2402556
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-07NA27344
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physics of Plasmas
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 29; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; plasma physics; radiation trapping; radiation losses; plasma confinement; hydrodynamics simulations; radiography

Citation Formats

Dewald, E. L., MacLaren, S. A., Martinez, D. A., Pino, J. E., Tipton, R. E., Ho, D. D.-M., Young, C. V., Horwood, C., Khan, S. F., Hartouni, E. P., Rubery, M. S., Millot, M., Vazsonyi, A. R., Vonhof, S., Mellos, G., Johnson, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Graziani, F., Monzon, E. R., Tommasini, R., Alessi, D., Ayers, S., Hall, G. N., Holder, J., Kalantar, D., MacKinnon, A. J., Okui, J., Prantil, M., Di Nicola, J. -M., Lanier, T., Thomas, A., Yang, S., Xu, H. W., Huang, H., Bae, J., Kong, C. W., Rice, N., Wang, Y. M., Volegov, P., Freeman, M. S., and Wilde, C. First graded metal pushered single shell capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility. United States: N. p., 2022. Web. doi:10.1063/5.0083089.
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Dewald, E. L., MacLaren, S. A., Martinez, D. A., Pino, J. E., Tipton, R. E., Ho, D. D.-M., Young, C. V., Horwood, C., Khan, S. F., Hartouni, E. P., Rubery, M. S., Millot, M., Vazsonyi, A. R., Vonhof, S., Mellos, G., Johnson, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Graziani, F., Monzon, E. R., Tommasini, R., Alessi, D., Ayers, S., Hall, G. N., Holder, J., Kalantar, D., MacKinnon, A. J., Okui, J., Prantil, M., Di Nicola, J. -M., Lanier, T., Thomas, A., Yang, S., Xu, H. W., Huang, H., Bae, J., Kong, C. W., Rice, N., Wang, Y. M., Volegov, P., Freeman, M. S., & Wilde, C. First graded metal pushered single shell capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0083089
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Dewald, E. L., MacLaren, S. A., Martinez, D. A., Pino, J. E., Tipton, R. E., Ho, D. D.-M., Young, C. V., Horwood, C., Khan, S. F., Hartouni, E. P., Rubery, M. S., Millot, M., Vazsonyi, A. R., Vonhof, S., Mellos, G., Johnson, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Graziani, F., Monzon, E. R., Tommasini, R., Alessi, D., Ayers, S., Hall, G. N., Holder, J., Kalantar, D., MacKinnon, A. J., Okui, J., Prantil, M., Di Nicola, J. -M., Lanier, T., Thomas, A., Yang, S., Xu, H. W., Huang, H., Bae, J., Kong, C. W., Rice, N., Wang, Y. M., Volegov, P., Freeman, M. S., and Wilde, C. Wed . "First graded metal pushered single shell capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0083089. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1984192.
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@article{osti_1984192,
title = {First graded metal pushered single shell capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility},
author = {Dewald, E. L. and MacLaren, S. A. and Martinez, D. A. and Pino, J. E. and Tipton, R. E. and Ho, D. D.-M. and Young, C. V. and Horwood, C. and Khan, S. F. and Hartouni, E. P. and Rubery, M. S. and Millot, M. and Vazsonyi, A. R. and Vonhof, S. and Mellos, G. and Johnson, S. and Smalyuk, V. A. and Graziani, F. and Monzon, E. R. and Tommasini, R. and Alessi, D. and Ayers, S. and Hall, G. N. and Holder, J. and Kalantar, D. and MacKinnon, A. J. and Okui, J. and Prantil, M. and Di Nicola, J. -M. and Lanier, T. and Thomas, A. and Yang, S. and Xu, H. W. and Huang, H. and Bae, J. and Kong, C. W. and Rice, N. and Wang, Y. M. and Volegov, P. and Freeman, M. S. and Wilde, C.},
abstractNote = {Graded metal pushered single shell (PSS) capsules are predicted to be a viable alternative to low-Z capsule indirect drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions for achieving high fusion yields [MacLaren et al., Phys. Plasmas 28, 122710 (2021)]. The first experiments with Be/Cr-graded metal PSS capsules indicate that the implementation of the principle design feature, the graded density inner metal layer, has succeeded in producing a stable implosion with performance in agreement with predictions. With 50% Cr concentration in the pusher, PSS capsules have greater than ~2× higher shell densities during stagnation for enhanced core confinement and radiation trapping at ~35% lower shell implosion velocities than low-Z capsules. High-energy >30 keV inflight shell radiography recorded 215 km/s implosion velocities and show that implosion Legendre mode P2 asymmetry can be tuned via inner-to-outer beam wavelength separation, similar to other implosions. Shell radiographs and neutron core images show similar P2 asymmetry, suggesting no symmetry swings between peak implosion velocity and stagnation times. Despite the modest implosion velocities, gas-filled deuterium–tritium capsule implosions generate 1015 neutron yields at relatively modest core ion temperatures of 2.75 keV, indicating that in spite of the high-density inner layer, the implosions have been stabilized by the design density gradient. When compared with hydrodynamic simulations, the measured yield-over-simulated is 35% due to fuel–pusher mix and other perturbations such as the capsule fill tube. Finally, simple analytical scalings of hot spot pressure and neutron yield show that PSS implosions reach similar performance at lower implosion velocities and higher shell densities to low-Z ICF capsules.},
doi = {10.1063/5.0083089},
journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
number = 5,
volume = 29,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed May 04 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Wed May 04 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}
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