Shape of atomic nuclei in heavy ion collisions
Abstract
In the hydrodynamic model description of heavy ion collisions, the final-state anisotropic flows vn are linearly related to the strengths of the multipole shape of the distribution of nucleons in the transverse plane, εn: vn∝εn. The εn, for n=1, 2, 3, 4, are sensitive to the shapes of the colliding ions, characterized by the quadrupole β2, octupole β3, and hexadecapole β4 deformations. This sensitivity is investigated analytically and also in a Monte Carlo Glauber model. One observes a robust linear relation, $$\langleε^{2}_{n}\rangle$$ = $$a^{'}_{n} + b^{'}_{n}β^{2}_{n}$$, for events in a fixed centrality. The $$\langleε^{2}_{1}\rangle$$ has a contribution from β3 and β4, and $$\langleε^{2}_{3}\rangle$$ from β4. In ultracentral collisions, there are little cross contributions between β2 and ε3 and between β3 and ε2, but clear cross contributions are present in noncentral collisions. Additionally, $$\langleε^{2}_{n}\rangle$$ are insensitive to nonaxial shape parameters such as the triaxiality. This is good news because the measurements of v2, v3, and v4 can be used to constrain simultaneously the β2, β3, and β4 values. This is best done by comparing two colliding ions with similar mass numbers and therefore nearly identical $$a^{'}_{n}$$, to obtain a simple equation that relates the βn of the two species. Finally, this opens up the possibility to map the shape of the atomic nuclei at a timescale (<10–24 s) much shorter than probed by low-energy nuclear structure physics (<10–21 s), which ultimately may provide information complementary to that obtained in the nuclear structure experiments.
- Authors:
-
[1]
- Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Albany, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1979854
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FG02-87ER40331; PHY-1913138
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review. C
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 105; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; collective models; nuclear structure & decays; nucleon distribution; particle correlations & fluctuations; relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Citation Formats
Jia, Jiangyong. Shape of atomic nuclei in heavy ion collisions. United States: N. p., 2022.
Web. doi:10.1103/physrevc.105.014905.
Jia, Jiangyong. Shape of atomic nuclei in heavy ion collisions. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.105.014905
Jia, Jiangyong. Wed .
"Shape of atomic nuclei in heavy ion collisions". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.105.014905. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1979854.
@article{osti_1979854,
title = {Shape of atomic nuclei in heavy ion collisions},
author = {Jia, Jiangyong},
abstractNote = {In the hydrodynamic model description of heavy ion collisions, the final-state anisotropic flows vn are linearly related to the strengths of the multipole shape of the distribution of nucleons in the transverse plane, εn: vn∝εn. The εn, for n=1, 2, 3, 4, are sensitive to the shapes of the colliding ions, characterized by the quadrupole β2, octupole β3, and hexadecapole β4 deformations. This sensitivity is investigated analytically and also in a Monte Carlo Glauber model. One observes a robust linear relation, $\langleε^{2}_{n}\rangle$ = $a^{'}_{n} + b^{'}_{n}β^{2}_{n}$, for events in a fixed centrality. The $\langleε^{2}_{1}\rangle$ has a contribution from β3 and β4, and $\langleε^{2}_{3}\rangle$ from β4. In ultracentral collisions, there are little cross contributions between β2 and ε3 and between β3 and ε2, but clear cross contributions are present in noncentral collisions. Additionally, $\langleε^{2}_{n}\rangle$ are insensitive to nonaxial shape parameters such as the triaxiality. This is good news because the measurements of v2, v3, and v4 can be used to constrain simultaneously the β2, β3, and β4 values. This is best done by comparing two colliding ions with similar mass numbers and therefore nearly identical $a^{'}_{n}$, to obtain a simple equation that relates the βn of the two species. Finally, this opens up the possibility to map the shape of the atomic nuclei at a timescale (<10–24 s) much shorter than probed by low-energy nuclear structure physics (<10–21 s), which ultimately may provide information complementary to that obtained in the nuclear structure experiments.},
doi = {10.1103/physrevc.105.014905},
journal = {Physical Review. C},
number = 1,
volume = 105,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jan 05 00:00:00 EST 2022},
month = {Wed Jan 05 00:00:00 EST 2022}
}
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