Proximity Spin–Orbit Torque on a Two-Dimensional Magnet within van der Waals Heterostructure: Current-Driven Antiferromagnet-to-Ferromagnet Reversible Nonequilibrium Phase Transition in Bilayer CrI3
Abstract
The recently discovered two-dimensional magnetic insulator CrI3 is an intriguing case for basic research and spintronic applications since it is a ferromagnet in the bulk but an antiferromagnet in bilayer form, with its magnetic ordering amenable to external manipulations. Using the first-principles quantum transport approach, we predict that injecting unpolarized charge current parallel to the interface of the bilayer-CrI3/monolayer-TaSe2 van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure will induce spin–orbit torque and thereby drive the dynamics of magnetization on the first monolayer of CrI3 in direct contact with TaSe2. By combining the calculated complex angular dependence of spin–orbit torque with the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation for classical dynamics of magnetization, we demonstrate that current pulses can switch the direction of magnetization on the first monolayer to become parallel to that of the second monolayer, thereby converting CrI3 from antiferromagnet to ferromagnet while not requiring any external magnetic field. We explain the mechanism of this reversible current-driven nonequilibrium phase transition by showing that first monolayer of CrI3 carries current due to evanescent wave functions injected by metallic transition metal dichalcogenide TaSe2, while concurrently acquiring strong spin–orbit coupling via such a proximity effect, whereas the second monolayer of CrI3 remains insulating. Furthermore, the transition can be detectedmore »
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1886895
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0016380; ACI-1053575
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nano Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 20; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1530-6984
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; spin−orbit torque; 2D magnetic materials; van der Waals; heterostructures; spintronics; first-principles quantum transport; magnetic properties; monolayers; quantum mechanics; vesicles
Citation Formats
Dolui, Kapildeb, Petrović, Marko D., Zollner, Klaus, Plecháč, Petr, Fabian, Jaroslav, and Nikolić, Branislav K. Proximity Spin–Orbit Torque on a Two-Dimensional Magnet within van der Waals Heterostructure: Current-Driven Antiferromagnet-to-Ferromagnet Reversible Nonequilibrium Phase Transition in Bilayer CrI3. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04556.
Dolui, Kapildeb, Petrović, Marko D., Zollner, Klaus, Plecháč, Petr, Fabian, Jaroslav, & Nikolić, Branislav K. Proximity Spin–Orbit Torque on a Two-Dimensional Magnet within van der Waals Heterostructure: Current-Driven Antiferromagnet-to-Ferromagnet Reversible Nonequilibrium Phase Transition in Bilayer CrI3. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04556
Dolui, Kapildeb, Petrović, Marko D., Zollner, Klaus, Plecháč, Petr, Fabian, Jaroslav, and Nikolić, Branislav K. Wed .
"Proximity Spin–Orbit Torque on a Two-Dimensional Magnet within van der Waals Heterostructure: Current-Driven Antiferromagnet-to-Ferromagnet Reversible Nonequilibrium Phase Transition in Bilayer CrI3". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04556. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1886895.
@article{osti_1886895,
title = {Proximity Spin–Orbit Torque on a Two-Dimensional Magnet within van der Waals Heterostructure: Current-Driven Antiferromagnet-to-Ferromagnet Reversible Nonequilibrium Phase Transition in Bilayer CrI3},
author = {Dolui, Kapildeb and Petrović, Marko D. and Zollner, Klaus and Plecháč, Petr and Fabian, Jaroslav and Nikolić, Branislav K.},
abstractNote = {The recently discovered two-dimensional magnetic insulator CrI3 is an intriguing case for basic research and spintronic applications since it is a ferromagnet in the bulk but an antiferromagnet in bilayer form, with its magnetic ordering amenable to external manipulations. Using the first-principles quantum transport approach, we predict that injecting unpolarized charge current parallel to the interface of the bilayer-CrI3/monolayer-TaSe2 van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure will induce spin–orbit torque and thereby drive the dynamics of magnetization on the first monolayer of CrI3 in direct contact with TaSe2. By combining the calculated complex angular dependence of spin–orbit torque with the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation for classical dynamics of magnetization, we demonstrate that current pulses can switch the direction of magnetization on the first monolayer to become parallel to that of the second monolayer, thereby converting CrI3 from antiferromagnet to ferromagnet while not requiring any external magnetic field. We explain the mechanism of this reversible current-driven nonequilibrium phase transition by showing that first monolayer of CrI3 carries current due to evanescent wave functions injected by metallic transition metal dichalcogenide TaSe2, while concurrently acquiring strong spin–orbit coupling via such a proximity effect, whereas the second monolayer of CrI3 remains insulating. Furthermore, the transition can be detected by passing vertical read current through the vdW heterostructure, encapsulated by a bilayer of hexagonal boron nitride and sandwiched between graphite electrodes, where we find a tunneling magnetoresistance of ≃240%.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04556},
journal = {Nano Letters},
number = 4,
volume = 20,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Mar 04 00:00:00 EST 2020},
month = {Wed Mar 04 00:00:00 EST 2020}
}
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