Conductive spinels derived from Co–Mn based alloy precursor for SOFC cathode-side contact application

Yu, Y. T.; Zhu, J. H.; Bates, B. L.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.07.153

Title: Conductive spinels derived from Co–Mn based alloy precursor for SOFC cathode-side contact application

Abstract

The utilization of gas-atomized Co–Mn based alloy precursor is a promising approach to lowering the sintering temperature of the spinel contact layer and enhancing its performance. In this work, simulated interconnect/contact/cathode cells are employed to investigate the effects of different metallic precursors (i.e., three Co–Mn based alloy powders and a mixture of Co + MnO₂ powders) on the microstructure and performance of the reactively-sintered MnCo₂O₄-based contact layer. While excellent overall electrical performance is observed for all the cells with the four contact precursors during 1000-h testing at 800 °C in air, the cell with the Ce-doped alloy contact precursor shows the lowest cell area specific resistance (ASR) and ASR degradation rate. Cross-sectional observation of the tested cells is conducted to assess the compatibility of the contact layer with adjacent components as well as its effectiveness in reducing the Cr₂O₃ scale growth and blocking Cr migration from the interconnect to the cathode.

Authors:

^[1]; Zhu, J. H. ^[1]; Bates, B. L. ^[1]

Tennessee Technological Univ., Cookeville, TN (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date:: Thu Aug 06 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:: Tennessee Technological Univ., Cookeville, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1849168

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1670509; OSTI ID: 1989873

Grant/Contract Number:: FE0026210; FE0031187; CMMI-1362680

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 45; Journal Issue: 51; Journal ID: ISSN 0360-3199

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 08 HYDROGEN; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & fuels; Solid oxide fuel cell; Interconnect; Cathode-side contact; Spinel; Alloy powder; Thermal conversion

Citation Formats


                    Yu, Y. T., Zhu, J. H., and Bates, B. L. Conductive spinels derived from Co–Mn based alloy precursor for SOFC cathode-side contact application.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.07.153.

Copy to clipboard


                    Yu, Y. T., Zhu, J. H., & Bates, B. L. Conductive spinels derived from Co–Mn based alloy precursor for SOFC cathode-side contact application.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.07.153

Copy to clipboard


                    Yu, Y. T., Zhu, J. H., and Bates, B. L. Thu .  
"Conductive spinels derived from Co–Mn based alloy precursor for SOFC cathode-side contact application".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.07.153.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1849168.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1849168,

  title        = {Conductive spinels derived from Co–Mn based alloy precursor for SOFC cathode-side contact application},

  author       = {Yu, Y. T. and Zhu, J. H. and Bates, B. L.},

  abstractNote = {The utilization of gas-atomized Co–Mn based alloy precursor is a promising approach to lowering the sintering temperature of the spinel contact layer and enhancing its performance. In this work, simulated interconnect/contact/cathode cells are employed to investigate the effects of different metallic precursors (i.e., three Co–Mn based alloy powders and a mixture of Co + MnO2 powders) on the microstructure and performance of the reactively-sintered MnCo2O4-based contact layer. While excellent overall electrical performance is observed for all the cells with the four contact precursors during 1000-h testing at 800 °C in air, the cell with the Ce-doped alloy contact precursor shows the lowest cell area specific resistance (ASR) and ASR degradation rate. Cross-sectional observation of the tested cells is conducted to assess the compatibility of the contact layer with adjacent components as well as its effectiveness in reducing the Cr2O3 scale growth and blocking Cr migration from the interconnect to the cathode.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.07.153},

  journal      = {International Journal of Hydrogen Energy},

  number       = 51,

  volume       = 45,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Aug 06 00:00:00 EDT 2020},

  month        = {Thu Aug 06 00:00:00 EDT 2020}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.07.153

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Performance Variability of La(Sr)FeO[sub 3] SOFC Cathode with Pt, Ag, and Au Current Collectors
journal, January 2005

Simner, S. P.; Anderson, M. D.; Pederson, L. R.
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 152, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1149/1.1995687

Development of Ni1-xCoxO as the cathode/interconnect contact for solid oxide fuel cells
journal, June 2011

Lu, Zigui; Xia, Guanguang; Templeton, Joshua D.
Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 13, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2011.03.034

A high performance nano-structure conductive coating on a Crofer22APU alloy fabricated by a novel spinel powder reduction coating technique
journal, January 2010

Xin, Xianshuang; Wang, Shaorong; Zhu, Qingshan
Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 12, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2009.10.031

Yttrium, cobalt and yttrium/cobalt oxide coatings on ferritic stainless steels for SOFC interconnects
journal, June 2006

Qu, Wei; Jian, Li; Ivey, Douglas G.
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 157, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.07.052

Cathode-side electrical contact and contact materials for solid oxide fuel cell stacking: A review
journal, September 2017

Zhu, J. H.; Ghezel-Ayagh, H.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 42, Issue 38
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.08.005

Thermal Evaporation of Pure Ag in SOFC-Relevant Environments
journal, January 2007

Lu, Z. G.; Zhu, J. H.
Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 10, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1149/1.2767433

DC electrodeposition of Mn–Co alloys on stainless steels for SOFC interconnect application
journal, March 2008

Wu, Junwei; Jiang, Yinglu; Johnson, Christopher
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 177, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.11.075

Electrical Properties, Cation Distributions, and Thermal Expansion of Manganese Cobalt Chromite Spinel Oxides
journal, March 2013

Liu, Yingjia; Fergus, Jeffrey W.; Cruz, Clarina Dela
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 96, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1111/jace.12254

The effect of chemical composition on high temperature behaviour of Fe and Cu doped Mn-Co spinels
journal, February 2017

Masi, Andrea; Bellusci, Mariangela; McPhail, Stephen J.
Ceramics International, Vol. 43, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.11.135

Diffusion couple study of the interaction between Cr2O3 and MnCo2O4 doped with Fe and Cu
journal, April 2019

Talic, Belma; Hendriksen, Peter Vang; Wiik, Kjell
Solid State Ionics, Vol. 332
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2019.01.008

Silver–chromium oxide interactions in SOFC environments
journal, June 2009

Sofie, Stephen W.; Gannon, Paul; Gorokhovsky, Vladimir
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 191, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.02.036

Electrical Conductivity and Thermal Expansion of Spinels at Elevated Temperatures
journal, May 2007

Petric, Anthony; Ling, Hang
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 90, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01522.x

Selection of cathode contact materials for solid oxide fuel cells
journal, October 2011

Tucker, Michael C.; Cheng, Lei; DeJonghe, Lutgard C.
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 196, Issue 20
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.06.044

(Mn,Co)3O4 spinel coatings on ferritic stainless steels for SOFC interconnect applications
journal, November 2007

Yang, Z.; Xia, G.; Li, X.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 32, Issue 16
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.08.048

CeO2-doped (Co,Mn)3O4 coatings for protecting solid oxide fuel cell interconnect alloys
journal, December 2015

Zhu, J. H.; Lewis, M. J.; Du, S. W.
Thin Solid Films, Vol. 596
DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2015.07.085

LaCo0.6Ni0.4O3−δ as cathode contact material for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells
journal, January 2013

Wang, Fangzhong; Yan, Dong; Zhang, Wenying
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 38, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.06.052

Electroplated Ni–Fe2O3 composite coating for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect application
journal, July 2012

Geng, Shujiang; Qi, Shaojun; Zhao, Qicheng
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 37, Issue 14
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.04.043

Survey of the quasi-ternary system La0.8Sr0.2MnO3–La0.8Sr0.2CoO3–La0.8Sr0.2FeO3
journal, January 2007

Tietz, F.; Raj, I. Arul; Zahid, M.
Progress in Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 35, Issue 2-4
DOI: 10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2007.01.028

Crystal Structure, Chemical Stabilities and Electrical Conductivity of Fe-Doped Manganese Cobalt Spinel Oxides for SOFC Interconnect Coatings
journal, January 2013

Liu, Yingjia; Fergus, Jeffrey W.; Wang, Kangli
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 160, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1149/2.114311jes

Thermal expansion and electrical conductivity of Fe and Cu doped MnCo2O4 spinel
journal, November 2018

Talic, Belma; Hendriksen, Peter Vang; Wiik, Kjell
Solid State Ionics, Vol. 326
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2018.09.018

A promising NiCo2O4 protective coating for metallic interconnects of solid oxide fuel cells
journal, November 2010

Hua, Bin; Zhang, Wenying; Wu, Juan
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 195, Issue 21
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.05.031

Oxidation resistance and electrical properties of anodically electrodeposited Mn–Co oxide coatings for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect applications
journal, January 2009

Wei, Weifeng; Chen, Weixing; Ivey, Douglas G.
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 186, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.09.114

Metallic interconnects for solid oxide fuel cell: A review on protective coating and deposition techniques
journal, April 2017

Mah, Joelle C. W.; Muchtar, Andanastuti; Somalu, Mahendra R.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 42, Issue 14
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.03.195

Long-term oxidation behavior of spinel-coated ferritic stainless steel for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect applications
journal, June 2013

Stevenson, J. W.; Yang, Z. G.; Xia, G. G.
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 231
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.01.033

Effect of precursor materials on the performance of the NiFe2O4-based spinel layer for SOFC cathode-side contact application
journal, October 2018

Yu, Y. T.; Zhu, J. H.; Bates, B. L.
Solid State Ionics, Vol. 324
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2018.05.030

Electrical contacts between cathodes and metallic interconnects in solid oxide fuel cells
journal, April 2006

Yang, Zhenguo; Xia, Guanguang; Singh, Prabhakar
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 155, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.05.010

Current collectors for a novel tubular design of solid oxide fuel cell
journal, January 1999

Hatchwell, C.; Sammes, N. M.; Brown, I. W. M.
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 77, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-7753(98)00173-6

Comparison of iron and copper doped manganese cobalt spinel oxides as protective coatings for solid oxide fuel cell interconnects
journal, December 2017

Talic, Belma; Molin, Sebastian; Wiik, Kjell
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 372
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.10.060

LaNi0.6Fe0.4O3 as a cathode contact material for solid oxide fuel cells
journal, October 2002

Basu, Rajendra N.; Tietz, Frank; Teller, Oliver
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, Vol. 7, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1007/s10008-002-0330-3

Ag-Perovskite Composite Materials for SOFC Cathode–Interconnect Contact
journal, January 2009

Wilkinson, L. T.; Zhu, J. H.
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 156, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1149/1.3139022

Thermal Growth and Performance of Manganese Cobaltite Spinel Protection Layers on Ferritic Stainless Steel SOFC Interconnects
journal, January 2005

Yang, Zhenguo; Xia, Guanguang; Simner, Steve P.
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 152, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1149/1.1990462

Copper Iron Conversion Coating for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnects
journal, November 2015

Grolig, Jan Gustav; Alnegren, Patrik; Froitzheim, Jan
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 297
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.06.139

Comparative study of perovskites as cathode contact materials between an La0.8Sr0.2FeO3 cathode and a Crofer22APU interconnect in solid oxide fuel cells
journal, March 2009

Montero, X.; Tietz, F.; Stöver, D.
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 188, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.11.083

Communication—Reactive Sintering of a CoFe ₂ O ₄ Coating on Ferritic Stainless Steels for SOFC Interconnect Application
journal, January 2018

Yu, Y. T.; Zhu, J. H.
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1149/2.0521805jes

Development of the spinel powder reduction technique for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect coating
journal, January 2012

Xin, Xianshuang; Wang, Shaorong; Qian, Jiqin
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 37, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.08.111

Novel perovskite-spinel composite conductive ceramics for SOFC cathode contact layer
journal, December 2018

Xin, Xianshuang; Liu, Leimin; Liu, Yan
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 43, Issue 51
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.10.159

Development of Cu1.3Mn1.7O4 spinel coating on ferritic stainless steel for solid oxide fuel cell interconnects
journal, January 2015

Hosseini, N.; Abbasi, M. H.; Karimzadeh, F.
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 273
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.10.017

Ce-Modified (Mn,Co)[sub 3]O[sub 4] Spinel Coatings on Ferritic Stainless Steels for SOFC Interconnect Applications
journal, January 2008

Yang, Zhenguo; Xia, Guanguang; Nie, Zimin
Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1149/1.2929066

Characteristics of Mn-Co and Ni-Co metal powders mixed with oxides as cathode contact materials for SOFC
journal, February 2019

Shong, Wei-Ja; Liu, Chien-Kuo; Shiu, Wei-Hong
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 44, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.146

Electrophoretic deposition of Mn1.5Co1.5O4 on metallic interconnect and interaction with glass-ceramic sealant for solid oxide fuel cells application
journal, April 2015

Smeacetto, Federico; De Miranda, Auristela; Cabanas Polo, Sandra
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 280
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.120

NiFe2O4 Spinel Protection Coating for High-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnect Application
journal, February 2016

Irankhah, Reza; Raissi, Babak; Maghsoudipour, Amir
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol. 25, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1007/s11665-016-1949-z

Spinel coatings for UNS 430 stainless steel interconnects
journal, January 2007

Bateni, M. Reza; Wei, Ping; Deng, Xiaohua
Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 201, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.10.011

Influence of different perovskite interlayers on the electrical conductivity between La_0.65Sr_0.3MnO₃ and Fe/Cr-based steels
journal, March 2006

Konysheva, E; Laatsch, J; Wessel, E
Solid State Ionics, Vol. 177, Issue 9-10, p. 923-930
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2006.01.046

A review of recent progress in coatings, surface modifications and alloy developments for solid oxide fuel cell ferritic stainless steel interconnects
journal, March 2010

Shaigan, Nima; Qu, Wei; Ivey, Douglas G.
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 195, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.09.069

The effect of reactive element additions on the selective oxidation, growth and adhesion of chromia scales
journal, November 1995

Hou, P. Y.; Stringer, J.
Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 202, Issue 1-2
DOI: 10.1016/0921-5093(95)09798-8

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Effect of precursor materials on the performance of the NiFe₂O₄-based spinel layer for SOFC cathode-side contact application

Journal Article Yu, Y. T. ; Zhu, J. H. ; Bates, B. L. - Solid State Ionics

Simulated cathode/contact/interconnect cells are used to investigate the effects of different precursors on the microstructure and performance of the thermally-converted NiFe₂O₄-based spinel contact layer. The precursor materials include a mixture of NiO and Fe₂O₃ powders (NiO+Fe₂O₃), a mixture of pure Ni and Fe powders (Ni+Fe), an Fe-Ni alloy (Invar 36) powder, and an Fe-Ni-Co alloy (Kovar) powder. The isothermal area specific resistance (ASR) of the test cells is evaluated at 800°C in air for 1000 h, which shows significant variation depending on the contact precursors. The cells with the metallic precursors exhibit much reduced ASRs compared to the one withmore »« less
Cited by 8
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2018.05.030

Full Text Available
Development & Validation of Low-Cost, Highly-Durable, Spinel-Based Materials for SOFC Cathode-Side Contact (Final Report)

Technical Report Zhu, Jiahong

A cathode-side contact layer is required to provide and maintain stable electrical conduction paths between the interconnect and cathode in a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack assembly and thus minimize the ohmic resistance and stack power loss. Current cathode-interconnect contact materials are based on noble metals, electrically-conductive perovskites, their composite materials, etc. These materials are either too expensive or do not possess the overall balanced performance required for the cathode-side contact application. To achieve the DOE SOFC system cost and performance stability goals, a new generation of low-cost, high-performance contact materials needs to be developed. In this project, spinel-basedmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/1922229

Full Text Available
Review—(Mn,Co)₃O₄-Based Spinels for SOFC Interconnect Coating Application

Journal Article Zhu, J. H. ; Chesson, D. A. ; Yu, Y. T. - Journal of the Electrochemical Society

With the reduction of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operating temperature to the range of 600 °C–800 °C, Cr-containing ferritic alloys have become the preferred interconnect material, which unfortunately are susceptible to continuous scale growth and Cr volatility at the SOFC operating temperatures. The (Mn,Co)₃O₄ spinel system is widely regarded as the most effective coating for SOFC interconnect protection, due to its high thermal and electrical conductivity, adequate coefficient of thermal expansion, and excellent Cr blocking capability. This article reviews the physical and chemical properties of the (Mn,Co)₃O₄-based spinels; different types of coating precursors and deposition techniques; and the effectsmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac3a29

Full Text Available
Reduced-temperature sintering of spinel-type coatings and layers with metallic alloy powder precursors

Patent Zhu, Jiahong ; Yu, Yutian ; Bates, Brian

A method of forming a spinel coating on a substrate is disclosed including the steps of coating at least a portion of the substrate with a precursor including an alloy powder, and sintering the precursor at a temperature of less than 1000 degrees Celsius to form the spinel coating. The alloy powder used for the precursor can include particles having a particle size of less than 10 micrometers. The method can be utilized to form spinel coatings as contact surfaces between electrodes and interconnects of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks.
Full Text Available
Communication—Reactive Sintering of a CoFe₂O₄Coating on Ferritic Stainless Steels for SOFC Interconnect Application

Journal Article Yu, Y. T. ; Zhu, J. H. - Journal of the Electrochemical Society

A mixed Fe+CoO precursor was successfully utilized to synthesize a dense CoFe₂O₄ spinel coating on the Crofer 22 APU interconnect via reactive sintering at 900°C for 2 h in air without the use of any reduction treatment. Both the uncoated and coated samples were subject to thermal oxidation at 850°C for 500 h in air. Phase constituents, microstructure, and area specific resistance (ASR) of the uncoated and coated samples before and after the oxidation testing were evaluated. The CoFe₂O₄ layer effectively reduced the Cr₂O₃ scale growth and lowered the scale ASR.
Cited by 10
https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0521805jes

Full Text Available

Similar Records

Title: Conductive spinels derived from Co–Mn based alloy precursor for SOFC cathode-side contact application

Abstract

Citation Formats

Performance Variability of La(Sr)FeO[sub 3] SOFC Cathode with Pt, Ag, and Au Current Collectors journal, January 2005

Development of Ni1-xCoxO as the cathode/interconnect contact for solid oxide fuel cells journal, June 2011

A high performance nano-structure conductive coating on a Crofer22APU alloy fabricated by a novel spinel powder reduction coating technique journal, January 2010

Yttrium, cobalt and yttrium/cobalt oxide coatings on ferritic stainless steels for SOFC interconnects journal, June 2006

Cathode-side electrical contact and contact materials for solid oxide fuel cell stacking: A review journal, September 2017

Thermal Evaporation of Pure Ag in SOFC-Relevant Environments journal, January 2007

DC electrodeposition of Mn–Co alloys on stainless steels for SOFC interconnect application journal, March 2008

Electrical Properties, Cation Distributions, and Thermal Expansion of Manganese Cobalt Chromite Spinel Oxides journal, March 2013

The effect of chemical composition on high temperature behaviour of Fe and Cu doped Mn-Co spinels journal, February 2017

Diffusion couple study of the interaction between Cr2O3 and MnCo2O4 doped with Fe and Cu journal, April 2019

Silver–chromium oxide interactions in SOFC environments journal, June 2009

Electrical Conductivity and Thermal Expansion of Spinels at Elevated Temperatures journal, May 2007

Selection of cathode contact materials for solid oxide fuel cells journal, October 2011

(Mn,Co)3O4 spinel coatings on ferritic stainless steels for SOFC interconnect applications journal, November 2007

CeO2-doped (Co,Mn)3O4 coatings for protecting solid oxide fuel cell interconnect alloys journal, December 2015

LaCo0.6Ni0.4O3−δ as cathode contact material for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells journal, January 2013

Electroplated Ni–Fe2O3 composite coating for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect application journal, July 2012

Survey of the quasi-ternary system La0.8Sr0.2MnO3–La0.8Sr0.2CoO3–La0.8Sr0.2FeO3 journal, January 2007

Crystal Structure, Chemical Stabilities and Electrical Conductivity of Fe-Doped Manganese Cobalt Spinel Oxides for SOFC Interconnect Coatings journal, January 2013

Thermal expansion and electrical conductivity of Fe and Cu doped MnCo2O4 spinel journal, November 2018

A promising NiCo2O4 protective coating for metallic interconnects of solid oxide fuel cells journal, November 2010

Oxidation resistance and electrical properties of anodically electrodeposited Mn–Co oxide coatings for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect applications journal, January 2009

Metallic interconnects for solid oxide fuel cell: A review on protective coating and deposition techniques journal, April 2017

Long-term oxidation behavior of spinel-coated ferritic stainless steel for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect applications journal, June 2013

Effect of precursor materials on the performance of the NiFe2O4-based spinel layer for SOFC cathode-side contact application journal, October 2018

Electrical contacts between cathodes and metallic interconnects in solid oxide fuel cells journal, April 2006

Current collectors for a novel tubular design of solid oxide fuel cell journal, January 1999

Comparison of iron and copper doped manganese cobalt spinel oxides as protective coatings for solid oxide fuel cell interconnects journal, December 2017

LaNi0.6Fe0.4O3 as a cathode contact material for solid oxide fuel cells journal, October 2002

Ag-Perovskite Composite Materials for SOFC Cathode–Interconnect Contact journal, January 2009

Thermal Growth and Performance of Manganese Cobaltite Spinel Protection Layers on Ferritic Stainless Steel SOFC Interconnects journal, January 2005

Copper Iron Conversion Coating for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnects journal, November 2015

Comparative study of perovskites as cathode contact materials between an La0.8Sr0.2FeO3 cathode and a Crofer22APU interconnect in solid oxide fuel cells journal, March 2009

Communication—Reactive Sintering of a CoFe 2 O 4 Coating on Ferritic Stainless Steels for SOFC Interconnect Application journal, January 2018

Development of the spinel powder reduction technique for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect coating journal, January 2012

Novel perovskite-spinel composite conductive ceramics for SOFC cathode contact layer journal, December 2018

Development of Cu1.3Mn1.7O4 spinel coating on ferritic stainless steel for solid oxide fuel cell interconnects journal, January 2015

Ce-Modified (Mn,Co)[sub 3]O[sub 4] Spinel Coatings on Ferritic Stainless Steels for SOFC Interconnect Applications journal, January 2008

Characteristics of Mn-Co and Ni-Co metal powders mixed with oxides as cathode contact materials for SOFC journal, February 2019

Electrophoretic deposition of Mn1.5Co1.5O4 on metallic interconnect and interaction with glass-ceramic sealant for solid oxide fuel cells application journal, April 2015

NiFe2O4 Spinel Protection Coating for High-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnect Application journal, February 2016

Spinel coatings for UNS 430 stainless steel interconnects journal, January 2007

Influence of different perovskite interlayers on the electrical conductivity between La0.65Sr0.3MnO3 and Fe/Cr-based steels journal, March 2006

A review of recent progress in coatings, surface modifications and alloy developments for solid oxide fuel cell ferritic stainless steel interconnects journal, March 2010

The effect of reactive element additions on the selective oxidation, growth and adhesion of chromia scales journal, November 1995

Performance Variability of La(Sr)FeO[sub 3] SOFC Cathode with Pt, Ag, and Au Current Collectors
journal, January 2005

Development of Ni1-xCoxO as the cathode/interconnect contact for solid oxide fuel cells
journal, June 2011

A high performance nano-structure conductive coating on a Crofer22APU alloy fabricated by a novel spinel powder reduction coating technique
journal, January 2010

Yttrium, cobalt and yttrium/cobalt oxide coatings on ferritic stainless steels for SOFC interconnects
journal, June 2006

Cathode-side electrical contact and contact materials for solid oxide fuel cell stacking: A review
journal, September 2017

Thermal Evaporation of Pure Ag in SOFC-Relevant Environments
journal, January 2007

DC electrodeposition of Mn–Co alloys on stainless steels for SOFC interconnect application
journal, March 2008

Electrical Properties, Cation Distributions, and Thermal Expansion of Manganese Cobalt Chromite Spinel Oxides
journal, March 2013

The effect of chemical composition on high temperature behaviour of Fe and Cu doped Mn-Co spinels
journal, February 2017

Diffusion couple study of the interaction between Cr2O3 and MnCo2O4 doped with Fe and Cu
journal, April 2019

Silver–chromium oxide interactions in SOFC environments
journal, June 2009

Electrical Conductivity and Thermal Expansion of Spinels at Elevated Temperatures
journal, May 2007

Selection of cathode contact materials for solid oxide fuel cells
journal, October 2011

(Mn,Co)3O4 spinel coatings on ferritic stainless steels for SOFC interconnect applications
journal, November 2007

CeO2-doped (Co,Mn)3O4 coatings for protecting solid oxide fuel cell interconnect alloys
journal, December 2015

LaCo0.6Ni0.4O3−δ as cathode contact material for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells
journal, January 2013

Electroplated Ni–Fe2O3 composite coating for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect application
journal, July 2012

Survey of the quasi-ternary system La0.8Sr0.2MnO3–La0.8Sr0.2CoO3–La0.8Sr0.2FeO3
journal, January 2007

Crystal Structure, Chemical Stabilities and Electrical Conductivity of Fe-Doped Manganese Cobalt Spinel Oxides for SOFC Interconnect Coatings
journal, January 2013

Thermal expansion and electrical conductivity of Fe and Cu doped MnCo2O4 spinel
journal, November 2018

A promising NiCo2O4 protective coating for metallic interconnects of solid oxide fuel cells
journal, November 2010

Oxidation resistance and electrical properties of anodically electrodeposited Mn–Co oxide coatings for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect applications
journal, January 2009

Metallic interconnects for solid oxide fuel cell: A review on protective coating and deposition techniques
journal, April 2017

Long-term oxidation behavior of spinel-coated ferritic stainless steel for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect applications
journal, June 2013

Effect of precursor materials on the performance of the NiFe2O4-based spinel layer for SOFC cathode-side contact application
journal, October 2018

Electrical contacts between cathodes and metallic interconnects in solid oxide fuel cells
journal, April 2006

Current collectors for a novel tubular design of solid oxide fuel cell
journal, January 1999

Comparison of iron and copper doped manganese cobalt spinel oxides as protective coatings for solid oxide fuel cell interconnects
journal, December 2017

LaNi0.6Fe0.4O3 as a cathode contact material for solid oxide fuel cells
journal, October 2002

Ag-Perovskite Composite Materials for SOFC Cathode–Interconnect Contact
journal, January 2009

Thermal Growth and Performance of Manganese Cobaltite Spinel Protection Layers on Ferritic Stainless Steel SOFC Interconnects
journal, January 2005

Copper Iron Conversion Coating for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnects
journal, November 2015

Comparative study of perovskites as cathode contact materials between an La0.8Sr0.2FeO3 cathode and a Crofer22APU interconnect in solid oxide fuel cells
journal, March 2009

Communication—Reactive Sintering of a CoFe ₂ O ₄ Coating on Ferritic Stainless Steels for SOFC Interconnect Application
journal, January 2018

Development of the spinel powder reduction technique for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect coating
journal, January 2012

Novel perovskite-spinel composite conductive ceramics for SOFC cathode contact layer
journal, December 2018

Development of Cu1.3Mn1.7O4 spinel coating on ferritic stainless steel for solid oxide fuel cell interconnects
journal, January 2015

Ce-Modified (Mn,Co)[sub 3]O[sub 4] Spinel Coatings on Ferritic Stainless Steels for SOFC Interconnect Applications
journal, January 2008

Characteristics of Mn-Co and Ni-Co metal powders mixed with oxides as cathode contact materials for SOFC
journal, February 2019

Electrophoretic deposition of Mn1.5Co1.5O4 on metallic interconnect and interaction with glass-ceramic sealant for solid oxide fuel cells application
journal, April 2015

NiFe2O4 Spinel Protection Coating for High-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnect Application
journal, February 2016

Spinel coatings for UNS 430 stainless steel interconnects
journal, January 2007

Influence of different perovskite interlayers on the electrical conductivity between La_0.65Sr_0.3MnO₃ and Fe/Cr-based steels
journal, March 2006

A review of recent progress in coatings, surface modifications and alloy developments for solid oxide fuel cell ferritic stainless steel interconnects
journal, March 2010

The effect of reactive element additions on the selective oxidation, growth and adhesion of chromia scales
journal, November 1995