Shear banding, intermittency, jamming, and dynamic phases for skyrmions in inhomogeneous pinning arrays

Reichhardt, Charles; Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane

doi:10.1103/physrevb.101.054423

Title: Shear banding, intermittency, jamming, and dynamic phases for skyrmions in inhomogeneous pinning arrays

Abstract

In this work, we examine driven skyrmion dynamics in systems with inhomogeneous pinning where a strip of strong pinning coexists with a region containing no pinning. For driving parallel to the strip, we find that the initial skyrmion motion is confined to the unpinned region and the skyrmion Hall angle is zero. At larger drives, a transition occurs to a phase in which motion also appears within the pinned region, creating a shear band in the skyrmion velocity, while the skyrmion Hall angle is still zero. As the drive increases further, the flow becomes disordered and the skyrmion Hall angle increases with drive until saturating at the highest drives when the system transitions into a moving crystal phase. The different dynamic phases are associated with velocity and density gradients across the pinning boundaries. We map out the dynamic phases as a function of pinning strength, skyrmion density, and Magnus force strength, and correlate the phase boundaries with features in the velocity-force curves and changes in the local and global ordering of the skyrmion structure. For large Magnus forces, the shear banding instability is replaced by large-scale intermittent flow in the pinned region accompanied by simultaneous motion perpendicular to the directionmore »« less

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Feb 18 00:00:00 EST 2020

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1819150

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1600061

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-19-31466
Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950; TRN: US2214072

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; 892333218NCA000001

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review. B

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 101; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; Material Science

Citation Formats


                    Reichhardt, Charles, and Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane. Shear banding, intermittency, jamming, and dynamic phases for skyrmions in inhomogeneous pinning arrays.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/physrevb.101.054423.

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                    Reichhardt, Charles, & Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane. Shear banding, intermittency, jamming, and dynamic phases for skyrmions in inhomogeneous pinning arrays.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.101.054423

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                    Reichhardt, Charles, and Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane. Tue .  
"Shear banding, intermittency, jamming, and dynamic phases for skyrmions in inhomogeneous pinning arrays".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.101.054423.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1819150.

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@article{osti_1819150,

  title        = {Shear banding, intermittency, jamming, and dynamic phases for skyrmions in inhomogeneous pinning arrays},

  author       = {Reichhardt, Charles and Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane},

  abstractNote = {In this work, we examine driven skyrmion dynamics in systems with inhomogeneous pinning where a strip of strong pinning coexists with a region containing no pinning. For driving parallel to the strip, we find that the initial skyrmion motion is confined to the unpinned region and the skyrmion Hall angle is zero. At larger drives, a transition occurs to a phase in which motion also appears within the pinned region, creating a shear band in the skyrmion velocity, while the skyrmion Hall angle is still zero. As the drive increases further, the flow becomes disordered and the skyrmion Hall angle increases with drive until saturating at the highest drives when the system transitions into a moving crystal phase. The different dynamic phases are associated with velocity and density gradients across the pinning boundaries. We map out the dynamic phases as a function of pinning strength, skyrmion density, and Magnus force strength, and correlate the phase boundaries with features in the velocity-force curves and changes in the local and global ordering of the skyrmion structure. For large Magnus forces, the shear banding instability is replaced by large-scale intermittent flow in the pinned region accompanied by simultaneous motion perpendicular to the direction of the drive, which appears as oscillations in the transport curves. We also examine the case of a drive applied perpendicular to the strip, where we find a jamming effect in which the skyrmion flow is blocked by skyrmion-skyrmion interactions until the drive is large enough to induce plastic flow.},

  doi          = {10.1103/physrevb.101.054423},

  journal      = {Physical Review. B},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 101,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Feb 18 00:00:00 EST 2020},

  month        = {Tue Feb 18 00:00:00 EST 2020}

}

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DOI: 10.1038/nmat3204

Theory of current-driven skyrmions in disordered magnets
journal, April 2018

Koshibae, Wataru; Nagaosa, Naoto
Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24693-5

Reversibility, pattern formation, and edge transport in active chiral and passive disk mixtures
journal, February 2019

Reichhardt, C.; Reichhardt, C. J. O.
The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 150, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1063/1.5085209

Leap-frog transport of magnetically driven anisotropic colloidal rotors
journal, April 2019

Massana-Cid, Helena; Navarro-Argemí, Eloy; Levis, Demian
The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 150, Issue 16
DOI: 10.1063/1.5086280

Banding of angular velocity in the current-driven vortex lattice of a type-II superconductor
journal, February 2006

Furukawa, Akira; Nisikawa, Yunori
Physical Review B, Vol. 73, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.73.064511

Asymmetric weak-pinning superconducting channels: Vortex ratchets
journal, December 2007

Yu, K.; Heitmann, T. W.; Song, C.
Physical Review B, Vol. 76, Issue 22
DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.76.220507

Berry’s phase and the Magnus force for a vortex line in a superconductor
journal, April 1993

Ao, Ping; Thouless, David J.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 70, Issue 14
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.70.2158

Dynamics and energy dissipation of a rigid dipole driven by the RF-field in a viscous fluid: Deterministic approach
journal, December 2018

Lyutyy, T. V.
The European Physical Journal E, Vol. 41, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2018-11756-x

Perspective: magnetic skyrmions-overview of recent progress in an active research field
text, January 2018

Everschor-Sitte, Karin; Masell, Jan; Reeve, Robert M.
American Inst. of Physics
DOI: 10.25358/openscience-203

Dynamics of Skyrmion Crystals in Metallic Thin Films
text, January 2011

Zang, Jiadong; Mostovoy, Maxim; Han, Jung Hoon
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1102.5384

Highly Effective Superconducting Vortex Pinning in Conformal Crystals
text, January 2013

Guénon, S.; Rosen, Y. J.; Basaran, Ali C.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1305.5875

Real-Space Berry Phases - Skyrmion Soccer
text, January 2014

Everschor-Sitte, Karin; Sitte, Matthias
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1405.0987

Direct measurements of growing amorphous order and non-monotonic dynamic correlations in a colloidal glass-former
text, January 2014

Nagamanasa, K. Hima; Gokhale, Shreyas; Sood, A. K.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1408.5485

Collective Transport Properties of Driven Skyrmions with Random Disorder
text, January 2014

Reichhardt, C.; Ray, D.; Reichhardt, C. J. Olson
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1409.5457

Spin-orbit torque induced dipole skyrmion motion at room temperature
text, January 2018

Montoya, Sergio A.; Tolley, Robert; Gilbert, Ian
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1805.12517

Edge effect pinning in mesoscopic superconducting strips with non-uniform distribution of defects
text, January 2018

Kimmel, Gregory J.; Glatz, Andreas; Vinokur, Valerii M.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1806.05671

Reversible to Irreversible Transitions in Periodically Driven Skyrmion Systems
text, January 2018

Brown, B. L.; Reichhardt, C.; Reichhardt, C. J. O.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1810.06629

Active Microrheology, Hall Effect, and Jamming in Chiral Fluids
text, January 2019

Reichhardt, C.; Reichhardt, C. J. O.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1901.11107

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Commensuration effects on skyrmion Hall angle and drag for manipulation of skyrmions on two-dimensional periodic substrates

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Here, we examine the dynamics of an individually driven skyrmion moving through a background lattice of skyrmions coupled to a 2D periodic substrate as we vary the ratio of the number of skyrmions to the number of pinning sites across commensurate and incommensurate conditions. As the skyrmion density increases, the skyrmion Hall angle is nonmonotonic, dropping to low or zero values in commensurate states and rising to an enhanced value in incommensurate states. Under commensuration, the driven skyrmion is channeled by a symmetry direction of the pinning array and exhibits an increased velocity. At fillings for which the skyrmion Hallmore »« less
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Title: Shear banding, intermittency, jamming, and dynamic phases for skyrmions in inhomogeneous pinning arrays

Abstract

Citation Formats

Nonequilibrium Dynamic Phase Diagram for Vortex Lattices journal, October 1998

Transport evidence for a sliding two-dimensional quantum electron solid journal, September 2018

Fluctuations and noise signatures of driven magnetic skyrmions journal, August 2017

Dynamical Defects in Rotating Magnetic Skyrmion Lattices journal, May 2017

Temperature effects on drift of suspended single-domain particles induced by the Magnus force journal, March 2018

Particle model for skyrmions in metallic chiral magnets: Dynamics, pinning, and creep journal, June 2013

Driven Skyrmions and Dynamical Transitions in Chiral Magnets journal, May 2013

Skyrmions and Hall transport journal, July 2019

Patterned irradiation of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 − x thin films journal, June 2001

Patterned geometries and hydrodynamics at the vortex Bose glass transition journal, June 1999

Moving Wigner Glasses and Smectics: Dynamics of Disordered Wigner Crystals journal, May 2001

Observation of room-temperature magnetic skyrmions and their current-driven dynamics in ultrathin metallic ferromagnets journal, February 2016

Manipulation of skyrmion motion by magnetic field gradients journal, May 2018

Highly effective superconducting vortex pinning in conformal crystals journal, June 2013

Skyrmion Hall effect revealed by direct time-resolved X-ray microscopy journal, December 2016

Dynamics of a disordered flux line lattice journal, April 1993

Phase Locking, Devil's Staircases, Farey Trees, and Arnold Tongues in Driven Vortex Lattices with Periodic Pinning journal, January 1999

Dynamics of Skyrmion Crystals in Metallic Thin Films journal, September 2011

Skyrmion relaxation dynamics in the presence of quenched disorder journal, July 2019

Topological properties and dynamics of magnetic skyrmions journal, December 2013

Scaling of domain cascades in stripe and skyrmion phases journal, April 2019

Enhanced pinning in superconducting thin films with graded pinning landscapes journal, May 2013

Microscopic derivation of magnetic-flux-density profiles, magnetization hysteresis loops, and critical currents in strongly pinned superconductors journal, October 1995

Theory of current-driven skyrmions in disordered magnets journal, April 2018

Slow steady flow of a skyrmion lattice in a confined geometry probed by narrow-band resistance noise journal, September 2019

Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal journal, June 2010

Current-driven dynamics and inhibition of the skyrmion Hall effect of ferrimagnetic skyrmions in GdFeCo films journal, March 2018

Commensurability effects at nonmatching fields for vortices in diluted periodic pinning arrays journal, September 2007

Magnetization of High-Field Superconductors journal, January 1964

A mechanism to pin skyrmions in chiral magnets journal, January 2013

Collective transport properties of skyrmions on the depinning phase transition journal, August 2019

Vortex shear banding transitions in superconductors with inhomogeneous pinning arrays journal, December 2019

Universal current-velocity relation of skyrmion motion in chiral magnets journal, February 2013

Real-space Berry phases: Skyrmion soccer (invited) journal, May 2014

Capturing of a magnetic skyrmion with a hole journal, February 2015

Skyrmion flow near room temperature in an ultralow current density journal, January 2012

Forced shear flow of magnetic bubble arrays journal, January 1993

Magnetic skyrmions: advances in physics and potential applications journal, June 2017

Thermally driven ratchet motion of a skyrmion microcrystal and topological magnon Hall effect journal, January 2014

Current-driven dynamics of skyrmions stabilized in MnSi nanowires revealed by topological Hall effect journal, September 2015

Pinning, ordering, and dynamics of vortices in conformal crystal and gradient pinning arrays journal, September 2014

Suppression of dissipation in Nb thin films with triangular antidot arrays by random removal of pinning sites journal, May 2009

Perspective: Magnetic skyrmions—Overview of recent progress in an active research field journal, December 2018

Room-Temperature Current-Induced Generation and Motion of sub-100 nm Skyrmions journal, March 2017

Diameter-independent skyrmion Hall angle observed in chiral magnetic multilayers journal, January 2020

Spin-orbit torque induced dipole skyrmion motion at room temperature journal, September 2018

Reversibility, pattern formation, and edge transport in active chiral and passive disk mixtures journal, February 2019

Emergent electrodynamics of skyrmions in a chiral magnet journal, February 2012

Direct measurements of growing amorphous order and non-monotonic dynamic correlations in a colloidal glass-former journal, April 2015

Apparent negative mobility of vortex matter due to inhomogeneous pinning journal, June 2007

Modification of vortex behavior through heavy ion lithography journal, October 2002

Kinetically Locked-In Colloidal Transport in an Array of Optical Tweezers journal, September 2002

Quantized transport for a skyrmion moving on a two-dimensional periodic substrate journal, March 2015

Shearing transition in a superconducting vortex lattice subject to periodic pinning journal, November 2013

Magnus-induced dynamics of driven skyrmions on a quasi-one-dimensional periodic substrate journal, September 2016

Laminar Flow of a Sheared Vortex Crystal: Scars in Flat Geometry journal, June 2011

Electrical transport and pinning properties of Nb thin films patterned with focused ion beam-milled washboard nanostructures journal, November 2012

Collective Transport Properties of Driven Skyrmions with Random Disorder journal, May 2015

Melting of “Porous” Vortex Matter journal, February 2003

The dynamics of charge-density waves journal, October 1988

Current-Driven Skyrmion Dynamics and Drive-Dependent Skyrmion Hall Effect in an Ultrathin Film journal, October 2019

Depinning and Collective Dynamics of Magnetically Driven Colloidal Monolayers journal, November 2012

Direct Observation of Rectified Motion of Vortices in a Niobium Superconductor journal, August 2005

Dynamics and inertia of skyrmionic spin structures journal, February 2015

Deformation of the moving magnetic skyrmion lattice in MnSi under electric current flow journal, July 2019

Observation of kinks and antikinks in colloidal monolayers driven across ordered surfaces journal, December 2011

Hydrodynamics of flux liquids journal, December 1990

Tunable room-temperature magnetic skyrmions in Ir/Fe/Co/Pt multilayers journal, July 2017

Depinning and dynamics of vortices confined in mesoscopic flow channels journal, January 2005

Thermal creep and the skyrmion Hall angle in driven skyrmion crystals journal, December 2018

Unusual current–voltage characteristics and dynamic correlation of rotating vortex-lattice rings journal, February 2015

Spatiotemporal order and emergent edge currents in active spinner materials journal, November 2016

Enhancing the critical current of a superconducting film in a wide range of magnetic fields with a conformal array of nanoscale holes journal, June 2013

Shear Modulus and Plasticity of a Driven Charge Density Wave journal, January 2006

Leap-frog transport of magnetically driven anisotropic colloidal rotors journal, April 2019

Vortex Pinning and Dynamics in the Neutron Star Crust journal, November 2016

Current-driven skyrmion dynamics in disordered films journal, March 2017

Nonequilibrium Dynamic Phase Diagram for Vortex Lattices
journal, October 1998

Transport evidence for a sliding two-dimensional quantum electron solid
journal, September 2018

Fluctuations and noise signatures of driven magnetic skyrmions
journal, August 2017

Dynamical Defects in Rotating Magnetic Skyrmion Lattices
journal, May 2017

Temperature effects on drift of suspended single-domain particles induced by the Magnus force
journal, March 2018

Particle model for skyrmions in metallic chiral magnets: Dynamics, pinning, and creep
journal, June 2013

Driven Skyrmions and Dynamical Transitions in Chiral Magnets
journal, May 2013

Skyrmions and Hall transport
journal, July 2019

Patterned irradiation of ${YBa}_{2} {Cu}_{3} O_{7 - x}$ thin films
journal, June 2001

Patterned geometries and hydrodynamics at the vortex Bose glass transition
journal, June 1999

Moving Wigner Glasses and Smectics: Dynamics of Disordered Wigner Crystals
journal, May 2001

Observation of room-temperature magnetic skyrmions and their current-driven dynamics in ultrathin metallic ferromagnets
journal, February 2016

Manipulation of skyrmion motion by magnetic field gradients
journal, May 2018

Highly effective superconducting vortex pinning in conformal crystals
journal, June 2013

Skyrmion Hall effect revealed by direct time-resolved X-ray microscopy
journal, December 2016

Dynamics of a disordered flux line lattice
journal, April 1993

Phase Locking, Devil's Staircases, Farey Trees, and Arnold Tongues in Driven Vortex Lattices with Periodic Pinning
journal, January 1999

Dynamics of Skyrmion Crystals in Metallic Thin Films
journal, September 2011

Skyrmion relaxation dynamics in the presence of quenched disorder
journal, July 2019

Topological properties and dynamics of magnetic skyrmions
journal, December 2013

Scaling of domain cascades in stripe and skyrmion phases
journal, April 2019

Enhanced pinning in superconducting thin films with graded pinning landscapes
journal, May 2013

Microscopic derivation of magnetic-flux-density profiles, magnetization hysteresis loops, and critical currents in strongly pinned superconductors
journal, October 1995

Theory of current-driven skyrmions in disordered magnets
journal, April 2018

Slow steady flow of a skyrmion lattice in a confined geometry probed by narrow-band resistance noise
journal, September 2019

Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal
journal, June 2010

Current-driven dynamics and inhibition of the skyrmion Hall effect of ferrimagnetic skyrmions in GdFeCo films
journal, March 2018

Commensurability effects at nonmatching fields for vortices in diluted periodic pinning arrays
journal, September 2007

Magnetization of High-Field Superconductors
journal, January 1964

A mechanism to pin skyrmions in chiral magnets
journal, January 2013

Collective transport properties of skyrmions on the depinning phase transition
journal, August 2019

Vortex shear banding transitions in superconductors with inhomogeneous pinning arrays
journal, December 2019

Universal current-velocity relation of skyrmion motion in chiral magnets
journal, February 2013

Real-space Berry phases: Skyrmion soccer (invited)
journal, May 2014

Capturing of a magnetic skyrmion with a hole
journal, February 2015

Skyrmion flow near room temperature in an ultralow current density
journal, January 2012

Forced shear flow of magnetic bubble arrays
journal, January 1993

Magnetic skyrmions: advances in physics and potential applications
journal, June 2017

Thermally driven ratchet motion of a skyrmion microcrystal and topological magnon Hall effect
journal, January 2014

Current-driven dynamics of skyrmions stabilized in MnSi nanowires revealed by topological Hall effect
journal, September 2015

Pinning, ordering, and dynamics of vortices in conformal crystal and gradient pinning arrays
journal, September 2014

Suppression of dissipation in Nb thin films with triangular antidot arrays by random removal of pinning sites
journal, May 2009

Perspective: Magnetic skyrmions—Overview of recent progress in an active research field
journal, December 2018

Room-Temperature Current-Induced Generation and Motion of sub-100 nm Skyrmions
journal, March 2017

Diameter-independent skyrmion Hall angle observed in chiral magnetic multilayers
journal, January 2020

Spin-orbit torque induced dipole skyrmion motion at room temperature
journal, September 2018

Reversibility, pattern formation, and edge transport in active chiral and passive disk mixtures
journal, February 2019

Emergent electrodynamics of skyrmions in a chiral magnet
journal, February 2012

Direct measurements of growing amorphous order and non-monotonic dynamic correlations in a colloidal glass-former
journal, April 2015

Apparent negative mobility of vortex matter due to inhomogeneous pinning
journal, June 2007

Modification of vortex behavior through heavy ion lithography
journal, October 2002

Kinetically Locked-In Colloidal Transport in an Array of Optical Tweezers
journal, September 2002

Quantized transport for a skyrmion moving on a two-dimensional periodic substrate
journal, March 2015

Shearing transition in a superconducting vortex lattice subject to periodic pinning
journal, November 2013

Magnus-induced dynamics of driven skyrmions on a quasi-one-dimensional periodic substrate
journal, September 2016

Laminar Flow of a Sheared Vortex Crystal: Scars in Flat Geometry
journal, June 2011

Electrical transport and pinning properties of Nb thin films patterned with focused ion beam-milled washboard nanostructures
journal, November 2012

Collective Transport Properties of Driven Skyrmions with Random Disorder
journal, May 2015

Melting of “Porous” Vortex Matter
journal, February 2003

The dynamics of charge-density waves
journal, October 1988

Current-Driven Skyrmion Dynamics and Drive-Dependent Skyrmion Hall Effect in an Ultrathin Film
journal, October 2019

Depinning and Collective Dynamics of Magnetically Driven Colloidal Monolayers
journal, November 2012

Direct Observation of Rectified Motion of Vortices in a Niobium Superconductor
journal, August 2005

Dynamics and inertia of skyrmionic spin structures
journal, February 2015

Deformation of the moving magnetic skyrmion lattice in MnSi under electric current flow
journal, July 2019

Observation of kinks and antikinks in colloidal monolayers driven across ordered surfaces
journal, December 2011

Hydrodynamics of flux liquids
journal, December 1990

Tunable room-temperature magnetic skyrmions in Ir/Fe/Co/Pt multilayers
journal, July 2017

Depinning and dynamics of vortices confined in mesoscopic flow channels
journal, January 2005

Thermal creep and the skyrmion Hall angle in driven skyrmion crystals
journal, December 2018

Unusual current–voltage characteristics and dynamic correlation of rotating vortex-lattice rings
journal, February 2015

Spatiotemporal order and emergent edge currents in active spinner materials
journal, November 2016

Enhancing the critical current of a superconducting film in a wide range of magnetic fields with a conformal array of nanoscale holes
journal, June 2013

Shear Modulus and Plasticity of a Driven Charge Density Wave
journal, January 2006

Leap-frog transport of magnetically driven anisotropic colloidal rotors
journal, April 2019

Vortex Pinning and Dynamics in the Neutron Star Crust
journal, November 2016

Current-driven skyrmion dynamics in disordered films
journal, March 2017

Tearing transition and plastic flow in superconducting thin films
journal, June 2003

Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet
journal, February 2009

Nonequilibrium phases and segregation for skyrmions on periodic pinning arrays
journal, October 2018