Modelling yield cap evolution in sandstone based on brittle creep experiments

Choens, R. C.; Bauer, S. J.; Shalev, E.; Lyakhovsky, V.

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104706

Title: Modelling yield cap evolution in sandstone based on brittle creep experiments

Abstract

The Zenifim Formation is being considered as a potential disposal formation for a deep borehole nuclear repository concept in Israel. Site selection and repository construction are intended to ensure that waste is separated from circulating groundwater, but long-term deformation of the wellbore could potentially create fluid flow pathways. To understand how time-dependent rock strength could affect wellbore stability, here we conducted creep tests under low to moderate confining pressures on retrieved core from the Zenifim formation. During creep, samples strain slowly as gradual damage accumulation progressively weakens the samples. Failure eventually occurred through the near-instantaneous formation of a shear fracture. Experimental results were used to calibrate a continuum damage poro-elastic model for sandstones. The calibrated damage-poro-elastic model successfully simulates different types of loading experiments including quasi-static and creep. The state of strain in experiments is close to yield during loading as the yield cap continuously evolves with damage accumulation. For creep tests, most damage occurs during triaxial loading. Minor damage accumulation occurs under constant load until the final stage of creep, where damage accelerates and promotes unstable fracturing.

Authors:

Choens, R. C. ^[1]; Bauer, S. J. ^[1]; Shalev, E. ^[2]; Lyakhovsky, V. ^[2]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Geological Survey of Israel, Jerusalem (Israel)

Publication Date:: Wed Mar 31 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Research Org.:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1781555

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1815184

Report Number(s):: SAND-2021-3240J
Journal ID: ISSN 1365-1609; 694877

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000; NA0003525

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 141; Journal ID: ISSN 1365-1609

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 58 GEOSCIENCES

Citation Formats


                    Choens, R. C., Bauer, S. J., Shalev, E., and Lyakhovsky, V. Modelling yield cap evolution in sandstone based on brittle creep experiments.  United States: N. p., 2021. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104706.

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                    Choens, R. C., Bauer, S. J., Shalev, E., & Lyakhovsky, V. Modelling yield cap evolution in sandstone based on brittle creep experiments.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104706

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                    Choens, R. C., Bauer, S. J., Shalev, E., and Lyakhovsky, V. Wed .  
"Modelling yield cap evolution in sandstone based on brittle creep experiments".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104706.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1781555.

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@article{osti_1781555,

  title        = {Modelling yield cap evolution in sandstone based on brittle creep experiments},

  author       = {Choens, R. C. and Bauer, S. J. and Shalev, E. and Lyakhovsky, V.},

  abstractNote = {The Zenifim Formation is being considered as a potential disposal formation for a deep borehole nuclear repository concept in Israel. Site selection and repository construction are intended to ensure that waste is separated from circulating groundwater, but long-term deformation of the wellbore could potentially create fluid flow pathways. To understand how time-dependent rock strength could affect wellbore stability, here we conducted creep tests under low to moderate confining pressures on retrieved core from the Zenifim formation. During creep, samples strain slowly as gradual damage accumulation progressively weakens the samples. Failure eventually occurred through the near-instantaneous formation of a shear fracture. Experimental results were used to calibrate a continuum damage poro-elastic model for sandstones. The calibrated damage-poro-elastic model successfully simulates different types of loading experiments including quasi-static and creep. The state of strain in experiments is close to yield during loading as the yield cap continuously evolves with damage accumulation. For creep tests, most damage occurs during triaxial loading. Minor damage accumulation occurs under constant load until the final stage of creep, where damage accelerates and promotes unstable fracturing.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104706},

  journal      = {International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 141,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Mar 31 00:00:00 EDT 2021},

  month        = {Wed Mar 31 00:00:00 EDT 2021}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

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Title: Modelling yield cap evolution in sandstone based on brittle creep experiments

Abstract

Citation Formats

Surface deformation of westerly granite during creep journal, January 1983

A viscoelastic damage model with applications to stable and unstable fracturing journal, December 2004

The brittle-ductile transition in porous rock: A review journal, November 2012

Micromechanisms of borehole instability leading to breakouts in rocks journal, February 2007

Analysis of aftershocks in a lithospheric model with seismogenic zone governed by damage rheology journal, April 2006

A statistical evaluation of intact rock failure criteria constrained by polyaxial test data for five different rocks journal, September 2002

A new methodology to delineate the compactive yield cap of two porous sandstones under undrained condition journal, May 2007

Fundamentals of kinematic hardening hyperplasticity journal, May 2001

Relating strain localization and Kaiser effect to yield surface evolution in brittle rocks journal, April 2020

Well bore breakouts and in situ stress journal, June 1985

Dynamics of inelastic deformation of porous rocks and formation of localized compaction zones studied by numerical modeling journal, November 2011

Nonlinear and semilinear rheology of porous solids journal, August 1973

Stress orientations from borehole wall fractures with examples from Colorado, east Texas, and northern Canada journal, July 1982

Breakouts in Alberta and stress in the North American plate journal, September 1983

Time-dependent cracking and brittle creep in crustal rocks: A review journal, July 2013

The hierarchical rupture process of a fault: an experimental study journal, May 2003

Conditions for the localization of deformation in pressure-sensitive dilatant materials journal, December 1975

Assessment of CO2 storage capacity in southern Israel journal, May 2013

Conditions for compaction bands in porous rock journal, September 2000

Origin of compaction bands: Anti-cracking or constitutive instability? journal, March 2011

Simulation of penetration into porous geologic media journal, April 2007

Coupled evolution of damage and porosity in poroelastic media: theory and applications to deformation of porous rocks journal, March 2004

Polyaxial strength criteria and their use in estimating in situ stress magnitudes from borehole breakout dimensions journal, April 1997

Localized failure modes in a compactant porous rock journal, July 2001

Elliptic yield cap constitutive modeling for high porosity sandstone journal, August 2005

Time-dependent deformation of shale gas reservoir rocks and its long-term effect on the in situ state of stress journal, July 2014

Influence of temperature on brittle creep in sandstones journal, January 2009

Static fatigue of granite at 200°C journal, January 1982

Time-dependent fracture formation around a borehole in a clay shale journal, July 2015

Thermomechanical relations between stress-space and strain-space models journal, June 2004

Visco-poroelastic damage model for brittle-ductile failure of porous rocks journal, April 2015

Compacting and dilating shear bands in porous rock: Theoretical and experimental conditions journal, July 2001

Evolution of compactive shear deformation bands: Numerical models and geological data journal, March 2012

Time-dependent brittle creep as a mechanism for time-delayed wellbore failure journal, September 2014

Brittle creep in basalt and its application to time-dependent volcano deformation journal, July 2011

The effects of confining pressure and stress difference on static fatigue of granite journal, January 1980

Theoretical and experimental investigation of compaction bands in porous rock journal, April 1999

Northeast-southwest compressive stress in Alberta evidence from oil wells journal, November 1979

Stress orientations from oil-well fractures in Alberta and Texas journal, March 1981

Modelling the time-dependent rheological behaviour of heterogeneous brittle rocks: Modelling time-dependent rheological behaviour journal, April 2012

Circumferential strain behavior during creep tests of brittle rocks journal, April 1999

Estimation of maximum horizontal principal stress magnitude from stress-induced well bore breakouts in the Cajon Pass Scientific Research borehole journal, January 1992

Models for compaction band propagation journal, January 2007

Time-dependent brittle creep in Darley Dale sandstone journal, January 2009

Influence of the intermediate principal stress on the strain localization mode in porous sandstone journal, January 2008

Shear and compaction band formation on an elliptic yield cap journal, January 2004

Brittle creep, damage, and time to failure in rocks: TIME TO FAILURE IN ROCKS journal, November 2006

Surface deformation of westerly granite during creep
journal, January 1983

A viscoelastic damage model with applications to stable and unstable fracturing
journal, December 2004

The brittle-ductile transition in porous rock: A review
journal, November 2012

Micromechanisms of borehole instability leading to breakouts in rocks
journal, February 2007

Analysis of aftershocks in a lithospheric model with seismogenic zone governed by damage rheology
journal, April 2006

A statistical evaluation of intact rock failure criteria constrained by polyaxial test data for five different rocks
journal, September 2002

A new methodology to delineate the compactive yield cap of two porous sandstones under undrained condition
journal, May 2007

Fundamentals of kinematic hardening hyperplasticity
journal, May 2001

Relating strain localization and Kaiser effect to yield surface evolution in brittle rocks
journal, April 2020

Well bore breakouts and in situ stress
journal, June 1985

Dynamics of inelastic deformation of porous rocks and formation of localized compaction zones studied by numerical modeling
journal, November 2011

Nonlinear and semilinear rheology of porous solids
journal, August 1973

Stress orientations from borehole wall fractures with examples from Colorado, east Texas, and northern Canada
journal, July 1982

Breakouts in Alberta and stress in the North American plate
journal, September 1983

Time-dependent cracking and brittle creep in crustal rocks: A review
journal, July 2013

The hierarchical rupture process of a fault: an experimental study
journal, May 2003

Conditions for the localization of deformation in pressure-sensitive dilatant materials
journal, December 1975

Assessment of CO2 storage capacity in southern Israel
journal, May 2013

Conditions for compaction bands in porous rock
journal, September 2000

Origin of compaction bands: Anti-cracking or constitutive instability?
journal, March 2011

Simulation of penetration into porous geologic media
journal, April 2007

Coupled evolution of damage and porosity in poroelastic media: theory and applications to deformation of porous rocks
journal, March 2004

Polyaxial strength criteria and their use in estimating in situ stress magnitudes from borehole breakout dimensions
journal, April 1997

Localized failure modes in a compactant porous rock
journal, July 2001

Elliptic yield cap constitutive modeling for high porosity sandstone
journal, August 2005

Time-dependent deformation of shale gas reservoir rocks and its long-term effect on the in situ state of stress
journal, July 2014

Influence of temperature on brittle creep in sandstones
journal, January 2009

Static fatigue of granite at 200°C
journal, January 1982

Time-dependent fracture formation around a borehole in a clay shale
journal, July 2015

Thermomechanical relations between stress-space and strain-space models
journal, June 2004

Visco-poroelastic damage model for brittle-ductile failure of porous rocks
journal, April 2015

Compacting and dilating shear bands in porous rock: Theoretical and experimental conditions
journal, July 2001

Evolution of compactive shear deformation bands: Numerical models and geological data
journal, March 2012

Time-dependent brittle creep as a mechanism for time-delayed wellbore failure
journal, September 2014

Brittle creep in basalt and its application to time-dependent volcano deformation
journal, July 2011

The effects of confining pressure and stress difference on static fatigue of granite
journal, January 1980

Theoretical and experimental investigation of compaction bands in porous rock
journal, April 1999

Northeast-southwest compressive stress in Alberta evidence from oil wells
journal, November 1979

Stress orientations from oil-well fractures in Alberta and Texas
journal, March 1981

Modelling the time-dependent rheological behaviour of heterogeneous brittle rocks: Modelling time-dependent rheological behaviour
journal, April 2012

Circumferential strain behavior during creep tests of brittle rocks
journal, April 1999

Estimation of maximum horizontal principal stress magnitude from stress-induced well bore breakouts in the Cajon Pass Scientific Research borehole
journal, January 1992

Models for compaction band propagation
journal, January 2007

Time-dependent brittle creep in Darley Dale sandstone
journal, January 2009

Influence of the intermediate principal stress on the strain localization mode in porous sandstone
journal, January 2008

Shear and compaction band formation on an elliptic yield cap
journal, January 2004

Brittle creep, damage, and time to failure in rocks: TIME TO FAILURE IN ROCKS
journal, November 2006