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Title: Establishing the quantum supremacy frontier with a 281 Pflop/s simulation

Abstract

Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers are entering an era in which they can perform computational tasks beyond the capabilities of the most powerful classical computers, thereby achieving 'quantum supremacy', a major milestone in quantum computing. NISQ supremacy requires comparison with a state-of-the-art classical simulator. In this paper, we report HPC simulations of hard random quantum circuits (RQC), which have been recently used as a benchmark for the first experimental demonstration of quantum supremacy, sustaining an average performance of 281 Pflop/s (true single precision) on Summit, currently the fastest supercomputer in the world. These simulations were carried out using qFlex, a tensor-network-based classical high-performance simulator of RQCs. Our results show an advantage of many orders of magnitude in energy consumption of NISQ devices over classical supercomputers. In addition, we propose a standard benchmark for NISQ computers based on qFlex.

Authors:
 [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3];  [3]; ORCiD logo [2];  [4];  [4];  [3]; ORCiD logo [5]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA (United States); USRA Research Inst. for Advanced Computer Science (RIACS), Mountain View, CA (United States); Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)
  2. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  3. Google, Inc., Venice, CA (United States)
  4. NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA (United States)
  5. NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA (United States); Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies Inc., Greenbelt, MD (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
OSTI Identifier:
1649588
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725; F4HBKC4162G001
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Quantum Science and Technology
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 5; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2058-9565
Publisher:
IOPscience
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING

Citation Formats

Villalonga Correa, Benjamin, Liakh, Dmitry, Boixo, Sergio, Neven, Hartmut, Humble, Travis S., Biswas, Rupak, Rieffel, Eleanor G., Ho, Alan, and Mandra, Salvatore. Establishing the quantum supremacy frontier with a 281 Pflop/s simulation. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1088/2058-9565/ab7eeb.
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Villalonga Correa, Benjamin, Liakh, Dmitry, Boixo, Sergio, Neven, Hartmut, Humble, Travis S., Biswas, Rupak, Rieffel, Eleanor G., Ho, Alan, & Mandra, Salvatore. Establishing the quantum supremacy frontier with a 281 Pflop/s simulation. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab7eeb
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Villalonga Correa, Benjamin, Liakh, Dmitry, Boixo, Sergio, Neven, Hartmut, Humble, Travis S., Biswas, Rupak, Rieffel, Eleanor G., Ho, Alan, and Mandra, Salvatore. Mon . "Establishing the quantum supremacy frontier with a 281 Pflop/s simulation". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab7eeb. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1649588.
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@article{osti_1649588,
title = {Establishing the quantum supremacy frontier with a 281 Pflop/s simulation},
author = {Villalonga Correa, Benjamin and Liakh, Dmitry and Boixo, Sergio and Neven, Hartmut and Humble, Travis S. and Biswas, Rupak and Rieffel, Eleanor G. and Ho, Alan and Mandra, Salvatore},
abstractNote = {Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers are entering an era in which they can perform computational tasks beyond the capabilities of the most powerful classical computers, thereby achieving 'quantum supremacy', a major milestone in quantum computing. NISQ supremacy requires comparison with a state-of-the-art classical simulator. In this paper, we report HPC simulations of hard random quantum circuits (RQC), which have been recently used as a benchmark for the first experimental demonstration of quantum supremacy, sustaining an average performance of 281 Pflop/s (true single precision) on Summit, currently the fastest supercomputer in the world. These simulations were carried out using qFlex, a tensor-network-based classical high-performance simulator of RQCs. Our results show an advantage of many orders of magnitude in energy consumption of NISQ devices over classical supercomputers. In addition, we propose a standard benchmark for NISQ computers based on qFlex.},
doi = {10.1088/2058-9565/ab7eeb},
journal = {Quantum Science and Technology},
number = 3,
volume = 5,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Apr 27 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Mon Apr 27 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab7eeb
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Works referenced in this record:

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An efficient tensor transpose algorithm for multicore CPU, Intel Xeon Phi, and NVidia Tesla GPU
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Low-Depth Quantum Simulation of Materials
journal, March 2018

Simulated Quantum Computation of Molecular Energies
journal, September 2005

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Tensor Networks in a Nutshell
preprint, January 2017

Simulation of low-depth quantum circuits as complex undirected graphical models
preprint, January 2017

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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Dimension Reduction Using Quantum Wavelet Transform on a High-Performance Reconfigurable Computer
    journal, November 2019

    • Mahmud, Naveed; El-Araby, Esam
    • International Journal of Reconfigurable Computing, Vol. 2019
    • DOI: 10.1155/2019/1949121

    Alibaba Cloud Quantum Development Platform: Large-Scale Classical Simulation of Quantum Circuits
    preprint, January 2019

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