Title: A Robust and Conductive Black Tin Oxide Nanostructure Makes Efficient Lithium-Ion Batteries Possible

Abstract

SnO ₂ ‐based lithium‐ion batteries have low cost and high energy density, but their capacity fades rapidly during lithiation/delithiation due to phase aggregation and cracking. These problems can be mitigated by using highly conducting black SnO _{2− x} , which homogenizes the redox reactions and stabilizes fine, fracture‐resistant Sn precipitates in the Li ₂ O matrix. Such fine Sn precipitates and their ample contact with Li ₂ O proliferate the reversible Sn → Li _x Sn → Sn → SnO ₂ /SnO _{2− x} cycle during charging/discharging. SnO _{2− x} electrode has a reversible capacity of 1340 mAh g ⁻¹ and retains 590 mAh g ⁻¹ after 100 cycles. The addition of highly conductive, well‐dispersed reduced graphene oxide further stabilizes and improves its performance, allowing 950 mAh g ⁻¹ remaining after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g ⁻¹ with 700 mAh g ⁻¹ at 2.0 A g ⁻¹ . Conductivity‐directed microstructure development may offer a new approach to form advanced electrodes.

Authors:

Dong, Wujie ^[1]; Xu, Jijian ^[2]; Wang, Chao ^[1]; Lu, Yue ^[3]; Liu, Xiangye ^[1]; Wang, Xin ^[1]; Yuan, Xiaotao ^[1]; Wang, Zhe ^[1]; Lin, Tianquan ^[2]; Sui, Manling ^[3]; Chen, I-Wei ^[4]; Huang, Fuqiang ^[5]

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Peking Univ., Beijing (China). Beijing National Lab. for Molecular Sciences. State Key Lab. of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications. College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
2. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai (China). State Key Lab. of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures. Shanghai Inst. of Ceramics
3. Beijing Univ. of Technology (China). Inst. of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials
4. Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
5. Peking Univ., Beijing (China). Beijing National Lab. for Molecular Sciences. State Key Lab. of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications. College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai (China). State Key Lab. of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures. Shanghai Inst. of Ceramics

Publication Date:

Fri Apr 21 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Research Org.:

Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States); Peking Univ., Beijing (China); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai (China)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Science Foundation of China; Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai (China); Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences

OSTI Identifier:

1533039

Alternate Identifier(s):

OSTI ID: 1401538

Grant/Contract Number:  

SC0007064; 2016YFB0901600; 51402334; 51502331; 14520722000; KGZD-EW-T06; DE‐FG02‐11ER46814

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Advanced Materials

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Volume: 29; Journal Issue: 24; Journal ID: ISSN 0935-9648

Publisher:

Wiley

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

25 ENERGY STORAGE; conductive tin oxide; lithium-ion batteries (LIBs); molten-aluminum reduction method; reversible redox reaction