Compound fire-drought regimes promote ecosystem transitions in Mediterranean ecosystems
Abstract
Understanding ecosystem responses to compound disturbance regimes and the influence of specific sequences of events in determining ecosystem shifts remains a challenge. We use a modelling framework for Mediterranean-type ecosystems to assess the effects of fire–drought interactions on long-term vegetation dynamics and to identify disturbance-driven changes in trait composition (tree seeder vs. tree resprouter prevalence) and ecosystem state (forest vs. non-forest). Changes in tree seeder and the tree resprouter dominance show nonlinear, threshold-type trends over gradients of increasing compound disturbance frequency. Vegetation composition thresholds mostly occur in a narrow range of the compound fire–drought disturbance space. Additionally, trait compositional switches and the likelihood of sudden changes in ecosystem state are promoted by fire-drought interactions. Distinct sequences of disturbance events cause vegetation transitions, disrupting ecosystem resilience, even under moderate recurrence of individual disturbances. An extreme drought year followed by one or two large fire events promotes shifts from resprouter- to seeder dominance. Contrastingly, a large crown fire followed by an extreme drought promotes changes from seeder to resprouter dominance. This disturbance sequence is also a mechanism strong enough to trigger sudden shifts in ecosystem state (from forest to non-forest). Synthesis. Thresholds of change in vegetation composition occur over a narrow rangemore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
- CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain)
- CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain); CTFC, Solsona (Spain)
- CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain); InForest Joint Research Unit (CTFC‐CREAF), Solsona (Spain); CSIC, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Spain)
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Integrative Biology. Jepson Herbarium. Dept. of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Univ. of California Cooperative Extension. Bren School of Environmental Science & Management
- CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain); Autonomous Univ. of Barcelona (Spain)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE; European Commission (EC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1510772
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231; CGL2017-87176-P; PIIF-GA-2013-625547; RYC-2012-11109; CGL2014-59742-C2-2-R; CGL2015-67419-R
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Ecology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 107; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-0477
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; compound disturbance regimes; drought; fire; Mediterranean ecosystems; regeneration traits; resilience; sequence of events; state shift
Citation Formats
Batllori, Enric, De Cáceres, Miquel, Brotons, Lluís, Ackerly, David D., Moritz, Max A., and Lloret, Francisco. Compound fire-drought regimes promote ecosystem transitions in Mediterranean ecosystems. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.13115.
Batllori, Enric, De Cáceres, Miquel, Brotons, Lluís, Ackerly, David D., Moritz, Max A., & Lloret, Francisco. Compound fire-drought regimes promote ecosystem transitions in Mediterranean ecosystems. United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13115
Batllori, Enric, De Cáceres, Miquel, Brotons, Lluís, Ackerly, David D., Moritz, Max A., and Lloret, Francisco. Wed .
"Compound fire-drought regimes promote ecosystem transitions in Mediterranean ecosystems". United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13115. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1510772.
@article{osti_1510772,
title = {Compound fire-drought regimes promote ecosystem transitions in Mediterranean ecosystems},
author = {Batllori, Enric and De Cáceres, Miquel and Brotons, Lluís and Ackerly, David D. and Moritz, Max A. and Lloret, Francisco},
abstractNote = {Understanding ecosystem responses to compound disturbance regimes and the influence of specific sequences of events in determining ecosystem shifts remains a challenge. We use a modelling framework for Mediterranean-type ecosystems to assess the effects of fire–drought interactions on long-term vegetation dynamics and to identify disturbance-driven changes in trait composition (tree seeder vs. tree resprouter prevalence) and ecosystem state (forest vs. non-forest). Changes in tree seeder and the tree resprouter dominance show nonlinear, threshold-type trends over gradients of increasing compound disturbance frequency. Vegetation composition thresholds mostly occur in a narrow range of the compound fire–drought disturbance space. Additionally, trait compositional switches and the likelihood of sudden changes in ecosystem state are promoted by fire-drought interactions. Distinct sequences of disturbance events cause vegetation transitions, disrupting ecosystem resilience, even under moderate recurrence of individual disturbances. An extreme drought year followed by one or two large fire events promotes shifts from resprouter- to seeder dominance. Contrastingly, a large crown fire followed by an extreme drought promotes changes from seeder to resprouter dominance. This disturbance sequence is also a mechanism strong enough to trigger sudden shifts in ecosystem state (from forest to non-forest). Synthesis. Thresholds of change in vegetation composition occur over a narrow range of the modelled gradients of compound fire-drought recurrence, and the loss of ecosystem resilience is contingent on particular sequences of disturbance events. Overall, our findings highlight that disturbance interactions define the relative location of tipping points in ecosystem state, and that effects and feedbacks of compound disturbance regimes increase the long-term likelihood of sudden ecosystem shifts and, therefore, uncertainty in predicting vegetation state.},
doi = {10.1111/1365-2745.13115},
journal = {Journal of Ecology},
number = 3,
volume = 107,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Nov 28 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Wed Nov 28 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
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