Enzymatically triggered rupture of polymersomes

Jang, Woo-Sik; Park, Seung Chul; Reed, Ellen H.; Dooley, Kevin P.; Wheeler, Samuel F.; Lee, Daeyeon; Hammer, Daniel A.

doi:10.1039/c5sm01881a

Title: Enzymatically triggered rupture of polymersomes

Abstract

Polymersomes are robust vesicles made from di-block co-polymers. We have engineered a two step enzymatic cascade to trigger the release of contents from polymersomes, in which extravesicular glucose oxidase makes hydrogen peroxide, when then penetrates the membrane and is converted by entrapped catalase to oxygen, leading to vesicle failure.

Authors:

Jang, Woo-Sik ^[1]; Park, Seung Chul ^[1]; Reed, Ellen H. ^[1]; Dooley, Kevin P. ^[2]; Wheeler, Samuel F. ^[3]; Lee, Daeyeon ^[1]; Hammer, Daniel A. ^[1]

Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)
Rowan Univ., Glassboro, NJ (United States)
Harriton High School; Rosemont, PA, (United States)

Publication Date:: Fri Nov 11 00:00:00 EST 2016

Research Org.:: Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI Identifier:: 1467656

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0007063

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Soft Matter

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 12; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1744-683X

Publisher:: Royal Society of Chemistry

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats


                    Jang, Woo-Sik, Park, Seung Chul, Reed, Ellen H., Dooley, Kevin P., Wheeler, Samuel F., Lee, Daeyeon, and Hammer, Daniel A. Enzymatically triggered rupture of polymersomes.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1039/c5sm01881a.

Copy to clipboard


                    Jang, Woo-Sik, Park, Seung Chul, Reed, Ellen H., Dooley, Kevin P., Wheeler, Samuel F., Lee, Daeyeon, & Hammer, Daniel A. Enzymatically triggered rupture of polymersomes.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1039/c5sm01881a

Copy to clipboard


                    Jang, Woo-Sik, Park, Seung Chul, Reed, Ellen H., Dooley, Kevin P., Wheeler, Samuel F., Lee, Daeyeon, and Hammer, Daniel A. Fri .  
"Enzymatically triggered rupture of polymersomes".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1039/c5sm01881a.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1467656.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1467656,

  title        = {Enzymatically triggered rupture of polymersomes},

  author       = {Jang, Woo-Sik and Park, Seung Chul and Reed, Ellen H. and Dooley, Kevin P. and Wheeler, Samuel F. and Lee, Daeyeon and Hammer, Daniel A.},

  abstractNote = {Polymersomes are robust vesicles made from di-block co-polymers. We have engineered a two step enzymatic cascade to trigger the release of contents from polymersomes, in which extravesicular glucose oxidase makes hydrogen peroxide, when then penetrates the membrane and is converted by entrapped catalase to oxygen, leading to vesicle failure.},

  doi          = {10.1039/c5sm01881a},

  journal      = {Soft Matter},

  number       = 4,

  volume       = 12,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Nov 11 00:00:00 EST 2016},

  month        = {Fri Nov 11 00:00:00 EST 2016}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1039/c5sm01881a

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 18 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Dual Enzyme-Responsive Capsules of Hyaluronic Acid- block -Poly(Lactic Acid) for Sensing Bacterial Enzymes
journal, May 2015

Tücking, Katrin-Stephanie; Grützner, Verena; Unger, Ronald E.
Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 36, Issue 13
DOI: 10.1002/marc.201500076

Protein-driven energy transduction across polymeric biomembranes
journal, June 2004

Ho, Dean; Chu, Benjamin; Lee, Hyeseung
Nanotechnology, Vol. 15, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/15/8/038

Protein Expression, Aggregation, and Triggered Release from Polymersomes as Artificial Cell-like Structures
journal, May 2012

Martino, Chiara; Kim, Shin-Hyun; Horsfall, Louise
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 51, Issue 26
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201443

Self-porating polymersomes of PEG–PLA and PEG–PCL: hydrolysis-triggered controlled release vesicles
journal, April 2004

Ahmed, Fariyal; Discher, Dennis E.
Journal of Controlled Release, Vol. 96, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2003.12.021

Tat-Functionalized Near-Infrared Emissive Polymersomes for Dendritic Cell Labeling
journal, January 2007

Christian, Natalie A.; Milone, Michael C.; Ranka, Shraddha S.
Bioconjugate Chemistry, Vol. 18, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1021/bc0601267

Single-Vesicle Patterning of Uniform, Giant Polymersomes into Microarrays
journal, March 2013

Kamat, Neha P.; Henry, Steven J.; Lee, Daeyeon
Small, Vol. 9, Issue 13
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201202627

Hydrogen peroxide as an alternate substrate for the oxygen-evolving complex
journal, March 1987

Frasch, Wayne D.; Mei, Rui
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 891, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(87)90077-6

Polysaccharide nano-vesicular multidrug carriers for synergistic killing of cancer cells
journal, January 2014

Pramod, P. S.; Shah, Ruchira; Chaphekar, Sonali
Nanoscale, Vol. 6, Issue 20
DOI: 10.1039/C4NR03514C

Glucose-oxidase Based Self-Destructing Polymeric Vesicles
journal, April 2004

Napoli, Alessandro; Boerakker, Mark J.; Tirelli, Nicola
Langmuir, Vol. 20, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1021/la0357054

Stimuli-Responsive Polymersomes for Programmed Drug Delivery
journal, February 2009

Meng, Fenghua; Zhong, Zhiyuan; Feijen, Jan
Biomacromolecules, Vol. 10, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1021/bm801127d

Cascade Reactions in Multicompartmentalized Polymersomes
journal, November 2013

Peters, Ruud J. R. W.; Marguet, Maïté; Marais, Sébastien
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 53, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201308141

Near-infrared-emissive polymersomes: Self-assembled soft matter for in vivo optical imaging
journal, February 2005

Ghoroghchian, P. P.; Frail, P. R.; Susumu, K.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 102, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0409394102

Enzyme Degradable Polymersomes from Hyaluronic Acid- block -poly(ε-caprolactone) Copolymers for the Detection of Enzymes of Pathogenic Bacteria
journal, February 2015

Haas, Simon; Hain, Nicole; Raoufi, Mohammad
Biomacromolecules, Vol. 16, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1021/bm501729h

Vesicle-based artificial cells as chemical microreactors with spatially segregated reaction pathways
journal, October 2014

Elani, Yuval; Law, Robert V.; Ces, Oscar
Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6305

Effect of Chain Length and Unsaturation on Elasticity of Lipid Bilayers
journal, July 2000

Rawicz, W.; Olbrich, K. C.; McIntosh, T.
Biophysical Journal, Vol. 79, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76295-3

Biomimetic pH Sensitive Polymersomes for Efficient DNA Encapsulation and Delivery
journal, December 2007

Lomas, H.; Canton, I.; MacNeil, S.
Advanced Materials, Vol. 19, Issue 23
DOI: 10.1002/adma.200700941

Culture of Neural Stem Cells in Calcium Alginate Beads
journal, January 2006

Li, Xiangqin; Liu, Tianqing; Song, Kedong
Biotechnology Progress, Vol. 22, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1002/bp060185z

Polymer vesicles in vivo: correlations with PEG molecular weight
journal, July 2003

Photos, Peter J.; Bacakova, Lucie; Discher, Bohdana
Journal of Controlled Release, Vol. 90, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-3659(03)00201-3

Polymersomes: Tough Vesicles Made from Diblock Copolymers
journal, May 1999

Discher, B. M.
Science, Vol. 284, Issue 5417
DOI: 10.1126/science.284.5417.1143

Double Emulsion Templated Monodisperse Phospholipid Vesicles
journal, August 2008

Shum, Ho Cheung; Lee, Daeyeon; Yoon, Insun
Langmuir, Vol. 24, Issue 15
DOI: 10.1021/la801833a

Quantitative membrane loading of polymer vesicles
journal, January 2006

Ghoroghchian, P. Peter; Lin, John J.; Brannan, Aaron K.
Soft Matter, Vol. 2, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1039/b604212k

Entropy-driven tension and bending elasticity in condensed-fluid membranes
journal, April 1990

Evans, E.; Rawicz, W.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 64, Issue 17
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.64.2094

Microfluidic Fabrication of Monodisperse Biocompatible and Biodegradable Polymersomes with Controlled Permeability
journal, July 2008

Shum, Ho Cheung; Kim, Jin-Woong; Weitz, David A.
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 130, Issue 29
DOI: 10.1021/ja802157y

Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Reaction Catalyzed by -Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase
journal, September 2004

Tretter, L.
Journal of Neuroscience, Vol. 24, Issue 36
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1842-04.2004

Efficient Encapsulation of Plasmid DNA in pH-Sensitive PMPC-PDPA Polymersomes: Study of the Effect of PDPA Block Length on Copolymer-DNA Binding Affinity
journal, May 2010

Lomas, Hannah; Du, Jianzhong; Canton, Irene
Macromolecular Bioscience, Vol. 10, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201000083

Isolation and Characterization of Spinach Photosystem II Membrane-Associated Catalase and Polyphenol Oxidase ^†
journal, January 1996

Sheptovitsky, Yelena G.; Brudvig, Gary W.
Biochemistry, Vol. 35, Issue 50
DOI: 10.1021/bi9613842

Pore formation by pho-controlled outer-membrane proteins of various Enterobacteriaceae in lipid bilayers
journal, May 1988

Bauer, Katharina; Schmid, Angela; Boos, Winfried
European Journal of Biochemistry, Vol. 174, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14082.x

A Generalized System for Photoresponsive Membrane Rupture in Polymersomes
journal, July 2010

Kamat, Neha P.; Robbins, Gregory P.; Rawson, Jeff
Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 20, Issue 16
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000659

Hybrid Protein–Polymer Biomimetic Membranes
journal, June 2004

Ho, D.; Chu, B.; Schmidt, J. J.
IEEE Transactions On Nanotechnology, Vol. 3, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1109/TNANO.2004.828530

Bio-Inspired Synthetic Nanovesicles for Glucose-Responsive Release of Insulin
journal, September 2014

Tai, Wanyi; Mo, Ran; Di, Jin
Biomacromolecules, Vol. 15, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1021/bm500364a

pH-Sensitive Vesicles Based on a Biocompatible Zwitterionic Diblock Copolymer
journal, December 2005

Du, Jianzhong; Tang, Yiqing; Lewis, Andrew L.
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 127, Issue 51
DOI: 10.1021/ja056514l

Third-Party ATP Sensing in Polymersomes: A Label-Free Assay of Enzyme Reactions in Vesicular Compartments
journal, August 2013

Yildiz, Umit Hakan; De Hoog, Hans-Peter M.; Fu, Zhikang
Small, Vol. 10, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201300060

Synthesis and Characterization of Model Polyalkane−Poly(ethylene oxide) Block Copolymers
journal, January 1996

Hillmyer, Marc A.; Bates, Frank S.
Macromolecules, Vol. 29, Issue 22
DOI: 10.1021/ma960774t

Kinetics of oxygen evolution from hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by an oxygen-evolving complex: investigation of the S1-dependent reaction
journal, November 1987

Frasch, Wayne D.; Mei, Rui
Biochemistry, Vol. 26, Issue 23
DOI: 10.1021/bi00397a019

Molecular Weight Dependence of Polymersome Membrane Structure, Elasticity, and Stability
journal, October 2002

Bermudez, Harry; Brannan, Aaron K.; Hammer, Daniel A.
Macromolecules, Vol. 35, Issue 21
DOI: 10.1021/ma020669l

Micropipette aspiration of double emulsion-templated polymersomes
journal, January 2011

Kamat, Neha P.; Lee, Myung Han; Lee, Daeyeon
Soft Matter, Vol. 7, Issue 21
DOI: 10.1039/c1sm06282d

Gene Expression within Cell-Sized Lipid Vesicles
journal, November 2003

Nomura, Shin-ichiro M.; Tsumoto, Kanta; Hamada, Tsutomu
ChemBioChem, Vol. 4, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200300630

Biodegradable polymersomes loaded with both paclitaxel and doxorubicin permeate and shrink tumors, inducing apoptosis in proportion to accumulated drug
journal, November 2006

Ahmed, Fariyal; Pakunlu, Refika I.; Brannan, Aaron
Journal of Controlled Release, Vol. 116, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.07.012

Permeability Effects on the Efficiency of Antioxidant Nanoreactors
journal, June 2013

Louzao, Iria; van Hest, Jan C. M.
Biomacromolecules, Vol. 14, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1021/bm400493b

Cross-linked polymersomes as nanoreactors for controlled and stabilized single and cascade enzymatic reactions
journal, January 2014

Gräfe, David; Gaitzsch, Jens; Appelhans, Dietmar
Nanoscale, Vol. 6, Issue 18
DOI: 10.1039/C4NR02155J

Designer emulsions using microfluidics
journal, April 2008

Shah, Rhutesh K.; Shum, Ho Cheung; Rowat, Amy C.
Materials Today, Vol. 11, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1016/S1369-7021(08)70053-1

Reconstitution of Channel Proteins in (Polymerized) ABA Triblock Copolymer Membranes
journal, December 2000

Meier, Wolfgang; Nardin, Corinne; Winterhalter, Mathias
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 39, Issue 24
DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20001215)39:24<4599::AID-ANIE4599>3.0.CO;2-Y

Dewetting-Induced Membrane Formation by Adhesion of Amphiphile-Laden Interfaces
journal, March 2011

Shum, Ho Cheung; Santanach-Carreras, Enric; Kim, Jin-Woong
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 133, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1021/ja108673h

Permeation of hydrophilic molecules through the outer membrane of gram-negativ bacteria. Review of becterial porins
journal, September 1988

Benz, Roland; Bauer, Katharina
European Journal of Biochemistry, Vol. 176, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14245.x

Detection and manipulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in mammalian cells
journal, June 2010

Forkink, Marleen; Smeitink, Jan A. M.; Brock, Roland
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 1797, Issue 6-7
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.01.022

Architecturally Induced Multiresponsive Vesicles from Well-Defined Polypeptides. Formation of Gene Vehicles
journal, July 2007

Iatrou, Hermis; Frielinghaus, Henrich; Hanski, Sirkku
Biomacromolecules, Vol. 8, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1021/bm070360f

Single molecule measurements of channel proteins incorporated into biomimetic polymer membranes
journal, June 2006

Wong, Denise; Jeon, Tae-Joon; Schmidt, Jacob
Nanotechnology, Vol. 17, Issue 15
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/17/15/016

Sugar transport through channels reconstituted in planar lipid membranes
journal, April 1999

Winterhalter, Mathias
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Vol. 149, Issue 1-3
DOI: 10.1016/S0927-7757(98)00290-8

Works referencing / citing this record:

Response‐Retaliation Behavior in Synthetic Protocell Communities
journal, October 2019

Qiao, Yan; Li, Mei; Qiu, Dong
Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 49
DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909313

Response‐Retaliation Behavior in Synthetic Protocell Communities
journal, December 2019

Qiao, Yan; Li, Mei; Qiu, Dong
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 49
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909313

Enzymatically Powered Surface-Associated Self-Motile Protocells
journal, August 2018

Jang, Woo-Sik; Kim, Hyun Ji; Gao, Chen
Small, Vol. 14, Issue 36
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801715

Stimuli-responsive liposomes for drug delivery: Stimuli-responsive liposomes
journal, February 2017

Lee, Y.; Thompson, D. H.
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1450

Programmed assembly of synthetic protocells into thermoresponsive prototissues
journal, October 2018

Gobbo, Pierangelo; Patil, Avinash J.; Li, Mei
Nature Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0183-5

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Enzymatically Powered Surface‐Associated Self‐Motile Protocells

Journal Article Jang, Woo‐Sik ; Kim, Hyun Ji ; Gao, Chen ; ... - Small

Abstract Cell motility is central to processes such as wound healing, immune cell surveillance, and embryonic development. Motility requires the conversion of chemical to mechanical energy. An active area of research is to create motile particles, such as microswimmers, using catalytic and enzymatic reactions. Here, autonomous motion is demonstrated in adhesive polymer‐based protocells by incorporating and harnessing the energy production of an enzymatic reaction. Biotinylated polymer vesicles that encapsulate catalase, an enzyme which converts hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, are prepared and these vesicles are adhered weakly to avidin‐coated surfaces. Upon addition of hydrogen peroxide, which diffuses across themore »« less
Cited by 18
https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201801715
Highly Stable Fe/Co-TPY-MIL-88(NH₂) Metal–Organic Framework (MOF) in Enzymatic Cascade Reactions for Chemiluminescence-Based Detection of Extracellular Vesicles

Journal Article Jiang, Qiaoshi ; Xiao, Yuchen ; Hong, Anh N. ; ... - ACS Sensors

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) can deliver many advantages when acting as enzyme mimics to assist with signal amplification in molecular detection: they have abundant active catalytic sites per unit volume of the material; their structures and elemental compositions are highly tunable, and their high specific surface area and porous property can assist with target separation and enrichment. In the present work, we have demonstrated that, by adding the pore partition agent, 2,4,6-tris(4-pyridyl)pyridine (TPY) during synthesis of the bimetallic Fe/Co-MIL-88(NH₂) MOF to block the open metal sites, a highly porous MOF of Fe/Co-TPY-MIL-88(NH₂) can be produced. This material also exhibits high stabilitymore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.2c02791

Full Text Available
Effect of Temperature and Hydrophilic Ratio on the Structure of Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-block-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) Polymersomes

Journal Article Yang, Yiming ; Alford, Aaron ; Kozlovskaya, Veronika ; ... - ACS Applied Polymer Materials

Nanosized polymeric vesicles (polymersomes) assembled from ABA triblock copolymers of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL–PDMS–PVCL) are a promising platform for biomedical applications, as the temperature-responsiveness of the PVCL blocks enables reversible vesicle shrinkage and permeability of the polymersome shell at elevated temperatures. Herein, we explore the effects of molecular weight, polymer block weight ratios, and temperature on the structure of these polymersomes via electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, small angle neutron scattering (SANS), and all-atom molecular dynamics methods. We show that the shell structure and overall size of the polymersome can be tuned by varying the hydrophilic (PVCL) weight fraction of the polymer:more »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.8b00259

Full Text Available
Temperature-Responsive Polymersomes of Poly(3-methyl-N-vinylcaprolactam)-block-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) To Decrease Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Journal Article Kozlovskaya, Veronika ; Liu, Fei ; Yang, Yiming ; ... - Biomacromolecules

Despite being one of the most potent chemotherapeutics, doxorubicin (DOX) facilitates cardiac toxicity by irreversibly damaging the cardiac muscle as well as severely dysregulating the immune system and impairing the resolution of cardiac inflammation. Herein, we report synthesis and aqueous self-assembly of nanosized polymersomes from temperature-responsive poly(3-methyl-N-vinylcaprolactam)-block-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PMVC-PVPON) diblock copolymers and demonstrate their potential to minimize DOX cardiotoxicity compared to liposomal DOX. RAFT polymerization of vinylpyrrolidone and 3-methyl-N-vinylcaprolactam, which are structurally similar monomers but have drastically different hydrophobicity, allows decreasing the cloud point of PMVCm-PVPON_n copolymers below 20 °C. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the PMVC₅₈-PVPON_n copolymer variedmore »« less
Cited by 17
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01026

Full Text Available
The role of membrane fluidization in the gel-assisted formation of giant polymersomes

Journal Article Greene, Adrienne C. ; Henderson, Ian M. ; Gomez, Andrew ; ... - PLoS ONE

Polymersomes are being widely explored as synthetic analogs of lipid vesicles based on their enhanced stability and potential uses in a wide variety of applications in (e.g., drug delivery, cell analogs, etc.). Controlled formation of giant polymersomes for use in membrane studies and cell mimetic systems, however, is currently limited by low-yield production methodologies. Here, we describe for the first time, how the size distribution of giant poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(butadiene) (PEO-PBD) polymersomes formed by gel-assisted rehydration may be controlled based on membrane fluidization. We first show that the average diameter and size distribution of PEO-PBD polymersomes may be readily increased bymore »« less
Cited by 26
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158729

Full Text Available

Similar Records

Title: Enzymatically triggered rupture of polymersomes

Abstract

Citation Formats

Dual Enzyme-Responsive Capsules of Hyaluronic Acid- block -Poly(Lactic Acid) for Sensing Bacterial Enzymes journal, May 2015

Protein-driven energy transduction across polymeric biomembranes journal, June 2004

Protein Expression, Aggregation, and Triggered Release from Polymersomes as Artificial Cell-like Structures journal, May 2012

Self-porating polymersomes of PEG–PLA and PEG–PCL: hydrolysis-triggered controlled release vesicles journal, April 2004

Tat-Functionalized Near-Infrared Emissive Polymersomes for Dendritic Cell Labeling journal, January 2007

Single-Vesicle Patterning of Uniform, Giant Polymersomes into Microarrays journal, March 2013

Hydrogen peroxide as an alternate substrate for the oxygen-evolving complex journal, March 1987

Polysaccharide nano-vesicular multidrug carriers for synergistic killing of cancer cells journal, January 2014

Glucose-oxidase Based Self-Destructing Polymeric Vesicles journal, April 2004

Stimuli-Responsive Polymersomes for Programmed Drug Delivery journal, February 2009

Cascade Reactions in Multicompartmentalized Polymersomes journal, November 2013

Near-infrared-emissive polymersomes: Self-assembled soft matter for in vivo optical imaging journal, February 2005

Enzyme Degradable Polymersomes from Hyaluronic Acid- block -poly(ε-caprolactone) Copolymers for the Detection of Enzymes of Pathogenic Bacteria journal, February 2015

Vesicle-based artificial cells as chemical microreactors with spatially segregated reaction pathways journal, October 2014

Effect of Chain Length and Unsaturation on Elasticity of Lipid Bilayers journal, July 2000

Biomimetic pH Sensitive Polymersomes for Efficient DNA Encapsulation and Delivery journal, December 2007

Culture of Neural Stem Cells in Calcium Alginate Beads journal, January 2006

Polymer vesicles in vivo: correlations with PEG molecular weight journal, July 2003

Polymersomes: Tough Vesicles Made from Diblock Copolymers journal, May 1999

Double Emulsion Templated Monodisperse Phospholipid Vesicles journal, August 2008

Quantitative membrane loading of polymer vesicles journal, January 2006

Entropy-driven tension and bending elasticity in condensed-fluid membranes journal, April 1990

Microfluidic Fabrication of Monodisperse Biocompatible and Biodegradable Polymersomes with Controlled Permeability journal, July 2008

Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Reaction Catalyzed by -Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase journal, September 2004

Efficient Encapsulation of Plasmid DNA in pH-Sensitive PMPC-PDPA Polymersomes: Study of the Effect of PDPA Block Length on Copolymer-DNA Binding Affinity journal, May 2010

Isolation and Characterization of Spinach Photosystem II Membrane-Associated Catalase and Polyphenol Oxidase † journal, January 1996

Pore formation by pho-controlled outer-membrane proteins of various Enterobacteriaceae in lipid bilayers journal, May 1988

A Generalized System for Photoresponsive Membrane Rupture in Polymersomes journal, July 2010

Hybrid Protein–Polymer Biomimetic Membranes journal, June 2004

Bio-Inspired Synthetic Nanovesicles for Glucose-Responsive Release of Insulin journal, September 2014

pH-Sensitive Vesicles Based on a Biocompatible Zwitterionic Diblock Copolymer journal, December 2005

Third-Party ATP Sensing in Polymersomes: A Label-Free Assay of Enzyme Reactions in Vesicular Compartments journal, August 2013

Synthesis and Characterization of Model Polyalkane−Poly(ethylene oxide) Block Copolymers journal, January 1996

Kinetics of oxygen evolution from hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by an oxygen-evolving complex: investigation of the S1-dependent reaction journal, November 1987

Molecular Weight Dependence of Polymersome Membrane Structure, Elasticity, and Stability journal, October 2002

Micropipette aspiration of double emulsion-templated polymersomes journal, January 2011

Gene Expression within Cell-Sized Lipid Vesicles journal, November 2003

Biodegradable polymersomes loaded with both paclitaxel and doxorubicin permeate and shrink tumors, inducing apoptosis in proportion to accumulated drug journal, November 2006

Permeability Effects on the Efficiency of Antioxidant Nanoreactors journal, June 2013

Cross-linked polymersomes as nanoreactors for controlled and stabilized single and cascade enzymatic reactions journal, January 2014

Designer emulsions using microfluidics journal, April 2008

Reconstitution of Channel Proteins in (Polymerized) ABA Triblock Copolymer Membranes journal, December 2000

Dewetting-Induced Membrane Formation by Adhesion of Amphiphile-Laden Interfaces journal, March 2011

Permeation of hydrophilic molecules through the outer membrane of gram-negativ bacteria. Review of becterial porins journal, September 1988

Detection and manipulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in mammalian cells journal, June 2010

Architecturally Induced Multiresponsive Vesicles from Well-Defined Polypeptides. Formation of Gene Vehicles journal, July 2007

Single molecule measurements of channel proteins incorporated into biomimetic polymer membranes journal, June 2006

Sugar transport through channels reconstituted in planar lipid membranes journal, April 1999

Response‐Retaliation Behavior in Synthetic Protocell Communities journal, October 2019

Response‐Retaliation Behavior in Synthetic Protocell Communities journal, December 2019

Enzymatically Powered Surface-Associated Self-Motile Protocells journal, August 2018

Stimuli-responsive liposomes for drug delivery: Stimuli-responsive liposomes journal, February 2017

Programmed assembly of synthetic protocells into thermoresponsive prototissues journal, October 2018

Dual Enzyme-Responsive Capsules of Hyaluronic Acid- block -Poly(Lactic Acid) for Sensing Bacterial Enzymes
journal, May 2015

Protein-driven energy transduction across polymeric biomembranes
journal, June 2004

Protein Expression, Aggregation, and Triggered Release from Polymersomes as Artificial Cell-like Structures
journal, May 2012

Self-porating polymersomes of PEG–PLA and PEG–PCL: hydrolysis-triggered controlled release vesicles
journal, April 2004

Tat-Functionalized Near-Infrared Emissive Polymersomes for Dendritic Cell Labeling
journal, January 2007

Single-Vesicle Patterning of Uniform, Giant Polymersomes into Microarrays
journal, March 2013

Hydrogen peroxide as an alternate substrate for the oxygen-evolving complex
journal, March 1987

Polysaccharide nano-vesicular multidrug carriers for synergistic killing of cancer cells
journal, January 2014

Glucose-oxidase Based Self-Destructing Polymeric Vesicles
journal, April 2004

Stimuli-Responsive Polymersomes for Programmed Drug Delivery
journal, February 2009

Cascade Reactions in Multicompartmentalized Polymersomes
journal, November 2013

Near-infrared-emissive polymersomes: Self-assembled soft matter for in vivo optical imaging
journal, February 2005

Enzyme Degradable Polymersomes from Hyaluronic Acid- block -poly(ε-caprolactone) Copolymers for the Detection of Enzymes of Pathogenic Bacteria
journal, February 2015

Vesicle-based artificial cells as chemical microreactors with spatially segregated reaction pathways
journal, October 2014

Effect of Chain Length and Unsaturation on Elasticity of Lipid Bilayers
journal, July 2000

Biomimetic pH Sensitive Polymersomes for Efficient DNA Encapsulation and Delivery
journal, December 2007

Culture of Neural Stem Cells in Calcium Alginate Beads
journal, January 2006

Polymer vesicles in vivo: correlations with PEG molecular weight
journal, July 2003

Polymersomes: Tough Vesicles Made from Diblock Copolymers
journal, May 1999

Double Emulsion Templated Monodisperse Phospholipid Vesicles
journal, August 2008

Quantitative membrane loading of polymer vesicles
journal, January 2006

Entropy-driven tension and bending elasticity in condensed-fluid membranes
journal, April 1990

Microfluidic Fabrication of Monodisperse Biocompatible and Biodegradable Polymersomes with Controlled Permeability
journal, July 2008

Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Reaction Catalyzed by -Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase
journal, September 2004

Efficient Encapsulation of Plasmid DNA in pH-Sensitive PMPC-PDPA Polymersomes: Study of the Effect of PDPA Block Length on Copolymer-DNA Binding Affinity
journal, May 2010

Isolation and Characterization of Spinach Photosystem II Membrane-Associated Catalase and Polyphenol Oxidase ^†
journal, January 1996

Pore formation by pho-controlled outer-membrane proteins of various Enterobacteriaceae in lipid bilayers
journal, May 1988

A Generalized System for Photoresponsive Membrane Rupture in Polymersomes
journal, July 2010

Hybrid Protein–Polymer Biomimetic Membranes
journal, June 2004

Bio-Inspired Synthetic Nanovesicles for Glucose-Responsive Release of Insulin
journal, September 2014

pH-Sensitive Vesicles Based on a Biocompatible Zwitterionic Diblock Copolymer
journal, December 2005

Third-Party ATP Sensing in Polymersomes: A Label-Free Assay of Enzyme Reactions in Vesicular Compartments
journal, August 2013

Synthesis and Characterization of Model Polyalkane−Poly(ethylene oxide) Block Copolymers
journal, January 1996

Kinetics of oxygen evolution from hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by an oxygen-evolving complex: investigation of the S1-dependent reaction
journal, November 1987

Molecular Weight Dependence of Polymersome Membrane Structure, Elasticity, and Stability
journal, October 2002

Micropipette aspiration of double emulsion-templated polymersomes
journal, January 2011

Gene Expression within Cell-Sized Lipid Vesicles
journal, November 2003

Biodegradable polymersomes loaded with both paclitaxel and doxorubicin permeate and shrink tumors, inducing apoptosis in proportion to accumulated drug
journal, November 2006

Permeability Effects on the Efficiency of Antioxidant Nanoreactors
journal, June 2013

Cross-linked polymersomes as nanoreactors for controlled and stabilized single and cascade enzymatic reactions
journal, January 2014

Designer emulsions using microfluidics
journal, April 2008

Reconstitution of Channel Proteins in (Polymerized) ABA Triblock Copolymer Membranes
journal, December 2000

Dewetting-Induced Membrane Formation by Adhesion of Amphiphile-Laden Interfaces
journal, March 2011

Permeation of hydrophilic molecules through the outer membrane of gram-negativ bacteria. Review of becterial porins
journal, September 1988

Detection and manipulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in mammalian cells
journal, June 2010

Architecturally Induced Multiresponsive Vesicles from Well-Defined Polypeptides. Formation of Gene Vehicles
journal, July 2007

Single molecule measurements of channel proteins incorporated into biomimetic polymer membranes
journal, June 2006

Sugar transport through channels reconstituted in planar lipid membranes
journal, April 1999

Response‐Retaliation Behavior in Synthetic Protocell Communities
journal, October 2019

Response‐Retaliation Behavior in Synthetic Protocell Communities
journal, December 2019

Enzymatically Powered Surface-Associated Self-Motile Protocells
journal, August 2018

Stimuli-responsive liposomes for drug delivery: Stimuli-responsive liposomes
journal, February 2017

Programmed assembly of synthetic protocells into thermoresponsive prototissues
journal, October 2018