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Title: Ambient-Pressure XPS Study of a Ni–Fe Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Abstract

Chemical analysis of solid–liquid interfaces under electrochemical conditions has recently become feasible due to the development of new synchrotron radiation techniques. In this paper, we report the use of “tender” X-ray ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS) to characterize a thin film of Ni–Fe oxyhydroxide electrodeposited on Au as the working electrode at different applied potentials in 0.1 M KOH as the electrolyte. Our results show that the as-prepared 7 nm thick Ni–Fe (50% Fe) film contains Fe and Ni in both their metallic as well as oxidized states, and undergoes further oxidation when the sample is subjected to electrochemical oxidation–reduction cycles. Metallic Fe is oxidized to Fe3+ and metallic Ni to Ni2+/3+. This work shows that it is possible to monitor the chemical nature of the Ni–Fe catalyst as a function of potential when the corresponding current densities are small. This allows for operando measurements just above the onset of OER; however, current densities as they are desired in photoelectrochemical devices (~1–10 mA cm–2) could not be achieved in this work, due to ohmic losses in the thin electrolyte film. We use a two-dimensional model to describe the spatial distribution of the electrochemical potential, current density, and pH as amore » function of the position above the electrolyte meniscus, to provide guidance toward enabling the acquisition of operando APXPS at high current density. Finally, the shifts in binding energy of water with applied potential predicted by the model are in good agreement with the experimental values.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [2];  [3];  [3]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Tampere Univ. of Technology (Finland)
  2. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  3. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  4. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1379078
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231; SC0004993
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of Physical Chemistry. C
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 120; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1932-7447
Publisher:
American Chemical Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Citation Formats

Ali-Löytty, Harri, Louie, Mary W., Singh, Meenesh R., Li, Lin, Sanchez Casalongue, Hernan G., Ogasawara, Hirohito, Crumlin, Ethan J., Liu, Zhi, Bell, Alexis T., Nilsson, Anders, and Friebel, Daniel. Ambient-Pressure XPS Study of a Ni–Fe Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b10931.
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Ali-Löytty, Harri, Louie, Mary W., Singh, Meenesh R., Li, Lin, Sanchez Casalongue, Hernan G., Ogasawara, Hirohito, Crumlin, Ethan J., Liu, Zhi, Bell, Alexis T., Nilsson, Anders, & Friebel, Daniel. Ambient-Pressure XPS Study of a Ni–Fe Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b10931
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Ali-Löytty, Harri, Louie, Mary W., Singh, Meenesh R., Li, Lin, Sanchez Casalongue, Hernan G., Ogasawara, Hirohito, Crumlin, Ethan J., Liu, Zhi, Bell, Alexis T., Nilsson, Anders, and Friebel, Daniel. Tue . "Ambient-Pressure XPS Study of a Ni–Fe Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b10931. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1379078.
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@article{osti_1379078,
title = {Ambient-Pressure XPS Study of a Ni–Fe Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction},
author = {Ali-Löytty, Harri and Louie, Mary W. and Singh, Meenesh R. and Li, Lin and Sanchez Casalongue, Hernan G. and Ogasawara, Hirohito and Crumlin, Ethan J. and Liu, Zhi and Bell, Alexis T. and Nilsson, Anders and Friebel, Daniel},
abstractNote = {Chemical analysis of solid–liquid interfaces under electrochemical conditions has recently become feasible due to the development of new synchrotron radiation techniques. In this paper, we report the use of “tender” X-ray ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS) to characterize a thin film of Ni–Fe oxyhydroxide electrodeposited on Au as the working electrode at different applied potentials in 0.1 M KOH as the electrolyte. Our results show that the as-prepared 7 nm thick Ni–Fe (50% Fe) film contains Fe and Ni in both their metallic as well as oxidized states, and undergoes further oxidation when the sample is subjected to electrochemical oxidation–reduction cycles. Metallic Fe is oxidized to Fe3+ and metallic Ni to Ni2+/3+. This work shows that it is possible to monitor the chemical nature of the Ni–Fe catalyst as a function of potential when the corresponding current densities are small. This allows for operando measurements just above the onset of OER; however, current densities as they are desired in photoelectrochemical devices (~1–10 mA cm–2) could not be achieved in this work, due to ohmic losses in the thin electrolyte film. We use a two-dimensional model to describe the spatial distribution of the electrochemical potential, current density, and pH as a function of the position above the electrolyte meniscus, to provide guidance toward enabling the acquisition of operando APXPS at high current density. Finally, the shifts in binding energy of water with applied potential predicted by the model are in good agreement with the experimental values.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b10931},
journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry. C},
number = 4,
volume = 120,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jan 05 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Tue Jan 05 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b10931
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