Moderate forest disturbance as a stringent test for gap and big-leaf models
Abstract
Disturbance-induced tree mortality is a key factor regulating the carbon balance of a forest, but tree mortality and its subsequent effects are poorly represented processes in terrestrial ecosystem models. It is thus unclear whether models can robustly simulate moderate (non-catastrophic) disturbances, which tend to increase biological and structural complexity and are increasingly common in aging US forests. We tested whether three forest ecosystem models – Biome-BGC (BioGeochemical Cycles), a classic big-leaf model, and the ZELIG and ED (Ecosystem Demography) gap-oriented models – could reproduce the resilience to moderate disturbance observed in an experimentally manipulated forest (the Forest Accelerated Succession Experiment in northern Michigan, USA, in which 38% of canopy dominants were stem girdled and compared to control plots). Each model was parameterized, spun up, and disturbed following similar protocols and run for 5 years post-disturbance. The models replicated observed declines in aboveground biomass well. Biome-BGC captured the timing and rebound of observed leaf area index (LAI), while ZELIG and ED correctly estimated the magnitude of LAI decline. None of the models fully captured the observed post-disturbance C fluxes, in particular gross primary production or net primary production (NPP). Biome-BGC NPP was correctly resilient but for the wrong reasons, and couldmore »
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Climate and Environmental Sciences Division
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1184896
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA-103663
Journal ID: ISSN 1726-4189; KP1702010
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-76RL01830; SC0006708
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Biogeosciences (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Biogeosciences (Online); Journal Volume: 12; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1726-4189
- Publisher:
- European Geosciences Union
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; forests; carbon cycle; disturbance; modeling
Citation Formats
Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin, Fisk, Justin P., Holm, Jennifer, Bailey, Vanessa L., Bohrer, Gil, and Gough, Christopher. Moderate forest disturbance as a stringent test for gap and big-leaf models. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.5194/bg-12-513-2015.
Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin, Fisk, Justin P., Holm, Jennifer, Bailey, Vanessa L., Bohrer, Gil, & Gough, Christopher. Moderate forest disturbance as a stringent test for gap and big-leaf models. United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-513-2015
Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin, Fisk, Justin P., Holm, Jennifer, Bailey, Vanessa L., Bohrer, Gil, and Gough, Christopher. Tue .
"Moderate forest disturbance as a stringent test for gap and big-leaf models". United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-513-2015. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1184896.
@article{osti_1184896,
title = {Moderate forest disturbance as a stringent test for gap and big-leaf models},
author = {Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin and Fisk, Justin P. and Holm, Jennifer and Bailey, Vanessa L. and Bohrer, Gil and Gough, Christopher},
abstractNote = {Disturbance-induced tree mortality is a key factor regulating the carbon balance of a forest, but tree mortality and its subsequent effects are poorly represented processes in terrestrial ecosystem models. It is thus unclear whether models can robustly simulate moderate (non-catastrophic) disturbances, which tend to increase biological and structural complexity and are increasingly common in aging US forests. We tested whether three forest ecosystem models – Biome-BGC (BioGeochemical Cycles), a classic big-leaf model, and the ZELIG and ED (Ecosystem Demography) gap-oriented models – could reproduce the resilience to moderate disturbance observed in an experimentally manipulated forest (the Forest Accelerated Succession Experiment in northern Michigan, USA, in which 38% of canopy dominants were stem girdled and compared to control plots). Each model was parameterized, spun up, and disturbed following similar protocols and run for 5 years post-disturbance. The models replicated observed declines in aboveground biomass well. Biome-BGC captured the timing and rebound of observed leaf area index (LAI), while ZELIG and ED correctly estimated the magnitude of LAI decline. None of the models fully captured the observed post-disturbance C fluxes, in particular gross primary production or net primary production (NPP). Biome-BGC NPP was correctly resilient but for the wrong reasons, and could not match the absolute observational values. ZELIG and ED, in contrast, exhibited large, unobserved drops in NPP and net ecosystem production. The biological mechanisms proposed to explain the observed rapid resilience of the C cycle are typically not incorporated by these or other models. It is thus an open question whether most ecosystem models will simulate correctly the gradual and less extensive tree mortality characteristic of moderate disturbances.},
doi = {10.5194/bg-12-513-2015},
journal = {Biogeosciences (Online)},
number = 2,
volume = 12,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}
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