Ice rule breakdown and frustrated antiferrotoroidicity in an artificial colloidal Cairo ice

Rodríguez-Gallo, Carolina; Ortiz-Ambriz, Antonio; Nisoli, Cristiano; Tierno, Pietro

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/acfc60

Title: Ice rule breakdown and frustrated antiferrotoroidicity in an artificial colloidal Cairo ice

Journal Article · 05 October 2023 · New Journal of Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/acfc60 · OSTI ID:2008002

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Abstract We combine experiments and numerical simulations to investigate the low energy states and the emergence of topological defects in an artificial colloidal ice in the Cairo geometry. This type of geometry is characterized by a mixed coordination ( z ), with coexistence of both z = 3 and z = 4 vertices. We realize this particle ice by confining field tunable paramagnetic colloidal particles within a lattice of topographic double wells at a one to one filling using optical tweezers. By raising the interaction strength via an applied magnetic field, we find that the ice rule breaks down, and positive monopoles with charge $q = + 2$ accumulate in the z = 4 vertices and are screened by negative ones ( $q = - 1$ ) in the z = 3. The resulting, strongly coupled state remains disordered. Further, via analysis of the mean chirality associated to each pentagonal plaquette, we find that the disordered ensemble for this geometry is massively degenerate and it corresponds to a frustrated antiferrotoroid.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: European Research Council (ERC); USDOE; USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 2008002

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--23-29230

Journal Information:: New Journal of Physics, Journal Name: New Journal of Physics Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 25; ISSN 1367-2630

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Related Subjects

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
chirality
colloids
computer science
geometric frustration
magnetism
material science

Title: Ice rule breakdown and frustrated antiferrotoroidicity in an artificial colloidal Cairo ice

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