Effect of Carbon Nanofiber Clustering on the Micromechanical Properties of a Cement Paste

Brown, Lesa; Stephens, Catherine S.; Allison, Paul G.; Sanchez, Florence

doi:10.3390/nano12020223

Title: Effect of Carbon Nanofiber Clustering on the Micromechanical Properties of a Cement Paste

Journal Article · 09 January 2022 · Nanomaterials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12020223 · OSTI ID:1981175

Brown, Lesa ^[1]; Stephens, Catherine S. ^[2];

^[3];

^[4]

Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (United States); Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States)
U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Ruislip (United Kingdom)
University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL (United States)
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (United States)

The use of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in cement systems has received significant interest over the last decade due to their nanoscale reinforcing potential. However, despite many reports on the formation of localized CNF clusters, their effect on the cement paste micromechanical properties and relation to the mechanical response at the macroscopic scale are still not fully understood. In this study, grid nanoindentation coupled with scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy was used to determine the local elastic indentation modulus and hardness of a portland cement paste containing 0.2% CNFs with sub-micro and microscale CNF clusters. The presence of low stiffness and porous assemblage of phases (modulus of 15–25 GPa) was identified in the cement paste with CNFs and was attributed primarily to the interfacial zone surrounding the CNF clusters. The CNFs favored the formation of higher modulus C–S–H phases (>30 GPa) in the bulk paste at the expense of the lower stiffness C–S–H. Nanoindentation results combined with a microscale–macroscale upscaling homogenization method further revealed an elastic modulus of the CNF clusters in the range from 18 to 21 GPa, indicating that the CNF clusters acted as compliant inclusions relative to the cement paste.

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Research Organization:: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation

Grant/Contract Number:: FC01-06EW07053

OSTI ID:: 1981175

Journal Information:: Nanomaterials, Journal Name: Nanomaterials Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 12; ISSN 2079-4991

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Effect of Carbon Nanofiber Clustering on the Micromechanical Properties of a Cement Paste

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