Synthetic Nuances to Maximize n-Type Organic Electrochemical Transistor and Thermoelectric Performance in Fused Lactam Polymers
Abstract
A series of fully fused n-type mixed conduction lactam polymers p(g7NCnN), systematically increasing the alkyl side chain content, are synthesized via an inexpensive, nontoxic, precious-metal-free aldol polycondensation. Employing these polymers as channel materials in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) affords state-of-the-art n-type performance with p(g7NC10N) recording an OECT electron mobility of 1.20 x 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 and a μC* figure of merit of 1.83 F cm-1 V-1 s-1. In parallel to high OECT performance, upon solution doping with (4-(1,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)phenyl)dimethylamine (N-DMBI), the highest thermoelectric performance is observed for p(g7NC4N), with a maximum electrical conductivity of 7.67 S cm-1 and a power factor of 10.4 μWm-1 K-2. These results are among the highest reported for n-type polymers. Importantly, while this series of fused polylactam organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs) highlights that synthetic molecular design strategies to bolster OECT performance can be translated to also achieve high organic thermoelectric (OTE) performance, a nuanced synthetic approach must be used to optimize performance. Herein, we outline the performance metrics and provide new insights into the molecular design guidelines for the next generation of high-performance n-type materials for mixed conduction applications, presenting for the first time the results of a single polymer series within both OECTmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[3];
[3];
[5];
[6];
[7];
[8];
[6];
[4];
[3];
[5]
- Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom); Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal (Saudi Arabia)
- Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
- Linkoping Univ., Norrkoping (Sweden)
- Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom)
- Univ. of Warwick, Coventry (United Kingdom)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
- Imperial College, London (United Kingdom)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST); National Science Foundation (NSF); European Research Council (ERC); European Union’s Horizon 2020; Swedish Research Council (SRC); European Commission (EC); Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1869183
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357; OSR-2018-CRG/CCF-3079; OSR-2019-CRG8-4086; OSR-2018-CRG7-3749; 610115; 952911; 862474; DMR-1751308; ECCS-1542205; DMR-1720139; 2020-03243; GA-955837; SFO-Mat-LiU 2009-00971; 945380
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of the American Chemical Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 144; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 0002-7863
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; bioelectronics; n-type; OECT; OMIEC; electron transport; ethylene glycol; thermoelectric
Citation Formats
Marks, Adam, Chen, Xingxing, Wu, Ruiheng, Rashid, Reem B., Jin, Wenlong, Paulsen, Bryan D., Moser, Maximilian, Ji, Xudong, Griggs, Sophie, Meli, Dilara, Wu, Xiaocui, Bristow, Helen, Strzalka, Joseph, Gasparini, Nicola, Costantini, Giovanni, Fabiano, Simone, Rivnay, Jonathan, and McCulloch, Iain. Synthetic Nuances to Maximize n-Type Organic Electrochemical Transistor and Thermoelectric Performance in Fused Lactam Polymers. United States: N. p., 2022.
Web. doi:10.1021/jacs.2c00735.
Marks, Adam, Chen, Xingxing, Wu, Ruiheng, Rashid, Reem B., Jin, Wenlong, Paulsen, Bryan D., Moser, Maximilian, Ji, Xudong, Griggs, Sophie, Meli, Dilara, Wu, Xiaocui, Bristow, Helen, Strzalka, Joseph, Gasparini, Nicola, Costantini, Giovanni, Fabiano, Simone, Rivnay, Jonathan, & McCulloch, Iain. Synthetic Nuances to Maximize n-Type Organic Electrochemical Transistor and Thermoelectric Performance in Fused Lactam Polymers. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.2c00735
Marks, Adam, Chen, Xingxing, Wu, Ruiheng, Rashid, Reem B., Jin, Wenlong, Paulsen, Bryan D., Moser, Maximilian, Ji, Xudong, Griggs, Sophie, Meli, Dilara, Wu, Xiaocui, Bristow, Helen, Strzalka, Joseph, Gasparini, Nicola, Costantini, Giovanni, Fabiano, Simone, Rivnay, Jonathan, and McCulloch, Iain. Tue .
"Synthetic Nuances to Maximize n-Type Organic Electrochemical Transistor and Thermoelectric Performance in Fused Lactam Polymers". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.2c00735. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1869183.
@article{osti_1869183,
title = {Synthetic Nuances to Maximize n-Type Organic Electrochemical Transistor and Thermoelectric Performance in Fused Lactam Polymers},
author = {Marks, Adam and Chen, Xingxing and Wu, Ruiheng and Rashid, Reem B. and Jin, Wenlong and Paulsen, Bryan D. and Moser, Maximilian and Ji, Xudong and Griggs, Sophie and Meli, Dilara and Wu, Xiaocui and Bristow, Helen and Strzalka, Joseph and Gasparini, Nicola and Costantini, Giovanni and Fabiano, Simone and Rivnay, Jonathan and McCulloch, Iain},
abstractNote = {A series of fully fused n-type mixed conduction lactam polymers p(g7NCnN), systematically increasing the alkyl side chain content, are synthesized via an inexpensive, nontoxic, precious-metal-free aldol polycondensation. Employing these polymers as channel materials in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) affords state-of-the-art n-type performance with p(g7NC10N) recording an OECT electron mobility of 1.20 x 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 and a μC* figure of merit of 1.83 F cm-1 V-1 s-1. In parallel to high OECT performance, upon solution doping with (4-(1,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)phenyl)dimethylamine (N-DMBI), the highest thermoelectric performance is observed for p(g7NC4N), with a maximum electrical conductivity of 7.67 S cm-1 and a power factor of 10.4 μWm-1 K-2. These results are among the highest reported for n-type polymers. Importantly, while this series of fused polylactam organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs) highlights that synthetic molecular design strategies to bolster OECT performance can be translated to also achieve high organic thermoelectric (OTE) performance, a nuanced synthetic approach must be used to optimize performance. Herein, we outline the performance metrics and provide new insights into the molecular design guidelines for the next generation of high-performance n-type materials for mixed conduction applications, presenting for the first time the results of a single polymer series within both OECT and OTE applications.},
doi = {10.1021/jacs.2c00735},
journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
number = 10,
volume = 144,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Mar 08 00:00:00 EST 2022},
month = {Tue Mar 08 00:00:00 EST 2022}
}
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