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Title: Observations of supermicron-sized aerosols originating from biomass burning in southern Central Africa

Abstract

During the 3 years of the ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES) campaign, the NASA Orion P-3 was equipped with a 2D stereo (2D-S) probe that imaged particles with maximum dimension (D) ranging from 10 < D < 1280 µm. The 2D-S recorded supermicron-sized aerosol particles (SAPs) outside of clouds within biomass burning plumes during flights over the southeastern Atlantic off Africa's coast. Numerous SAPs with 10 < D < 1520 µm were observed in 2017 and 2018 at altitudes between 1230 and 4000 m, 1000 km from the coastline, mostly between 7–11° S. No SAPs were observed in 2016 as flights were conducted further south and further from the coastline. Number concentrations of refractory black carbon (rBC) measured by a single particle soot photometer ranged from 200 to 1200 cm–3 when SAPs were observed. Transmission electron microscopy images of submicron particulates, collected on Holey carbon grid filters, revealed particles with potassium salts, black carbon (BC), and organics. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy spectra also detected potassium, a tracer for biomass burning. These measurements provided evidence that the submicron particles originated from biomass burning. NOAA Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) 3 d back trajectories show a source inmore » northern Angola for times when large SAPs were observed. Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 6 active fire maps showed extensive biomass burning at these locations. Given the back trajectories, the high number concentrations of rBC, and the presence of elemental tracers indicative of biomass burning, it is hypothesized that the SAPs imaged by the 2D-S are examples of BC aerosol, ash, or unburned plant material.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [1];  [3]; ORCiD logo [2];  [4];  [5]; ORCiD logo [6];  [7];  [8]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [9]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)
  2. Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)
  3. Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States)
  4. Bay Area Environmental Research Inst./NASA Ames Research Center, Mountain View, CA (United States); Tel Aviv Univ. (Israel)
  5. Univ. of Miami, FL (United States)
  6. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  7. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States)
  8. Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI (United States)
  9. Univ. Space Research Association/NASA Ames Research Center, Mountain View, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
OSTI Identifier:
1825083
Report Number(s):
BNL-222222-2021-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 1680-7324
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0012704
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 21; Journal Issue: 19; Journal ID: ISSN 1680-7324
Publisher:
Copernicus Publications, EGU
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats

Miller, Rose M., McFarquhar, Greg M., Rauber, Robert M., O'Brien, Joseph R., Gupta, Siddhant, Segal-Rozenhaimer, Michal, Dobracki, Amie N., Sedlacek, Arthur J., Burton, Sharon P., Howell, Steven G., Freitag, Steffen, and Dang, Caroline. Observations of supermicron-sized aerosols originating from biomass burning in southern Central Africa. United States: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.5194/acp-21-14815-2021.
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Miller, Rose M., McFarquhar, Greg M., Rauber, Robert M., O'Brien, Joseph R., Gupta, Siddhant, Segal-Rozenhaimer, Michal, Dobracki, Amie N., Sedlacek, Arthur J., Burton, Sharon P., Howell, Steven G., Freitag, Steffen, & Dang, Caroline. Observations of supermicron-sized aerosols originating from biomass burning in southern Central Africa. United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14815-2021
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Miller, Rose M., McFarquhar, Greg M., Rauber, Robert M., O'Brien, Joseph R., Gupta, Siddhant, Segal-Rozenhaimer, Michal, Dobracki, Amie N., Sedlacek, Arthur J., Burton, Sharon P., Howell, Steven G., Freitag, Steffen, and Dang, Caroline. Wed . "Observations of supermicron-sized aerosols originating from biomass burning in southern Central Africa". United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14815-2021. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1825083.
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@article{osti_1825083,
title = {Observations of supermicron-sized aerosols originating from biomass burning in southern Central Africa},
author = {Miller, Rose M. and McFarquhar, Greg M. and Rauber, Robert M. and O'Brien, Joseph R. and Gupta, Siddhant and Segal-Rozenhaimer, Michal and Dobracki, Amie N. and Sedlacek, Arthur J. and Burton, Sharon P. and Howell, Steven G. and Freitag, Steffen and Dang, Caroline},
abstractNote = {During the 3 years of the ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES) campaign, the NASA Orion P-3 was equipped with a 2D stereo (2D-S) probe that imaged particles with maximum dimension (D) ranging from 10 < D < 1280 µm. The 2D-S recorded supermicron-sized aerosol particles (SAPs) outside of clouds within biomass burning plumes during flights over the southeastern Atlantic off Africa's coast. Numerous SAPs with 10 < D < 1520 µm were observed in 2017 and 2018 at altitudes between 1230 and 4000 m, 1000 km from the coastline, mostly between 7–11° S. No SAPs were observed in 2016 as flights were conducted further south and further from the coastline. Number concentrations of refractory black carbon (rBC) measured by a single particle soot photometer ranged from 200 to 1200 cm–3 when SAPs were observed. Transmission electron microscopy images of submicron particulates, collected on Holey carbon grid filters, revealed particles with potassium salts, black carbon (BC), and organics. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy spectra also detected potassium, a tracer for biomass burning. These measurements provided evidence that the submicron particles originated from biomass burning. NOAA Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) 3 d back trajectories show a source in northern Angola for times when large SAPs were observed. Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 6 active fire maps showed extensive biomass burning at these locations. Given the back trajectories, the high number concentrations of rBC, and the presence of elemental tracers indicative of biomass burning, it is hypothesized that the SAPs imaged by the 2D-S are examples of BC aerosol, ash, or unburned plant material.},
doi = {10.5194/acp-21-14815-2021},
journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)},
number = 19,
volume = 21,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Oct 06 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Wed Oct 06 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}
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https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14815-2021
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