Crossover from 2D Ferromagnetic Insulator to Wide Band Gap Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulator in Ultrathin MnBi2Te4
Abstract
Intrinsic magnetic topological insulators offer low disorder and large magnetic band gaps for robust magnetic topological phases operating at higher temperatures. By controlling the layer thickness, emergent phenomena such as the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect and axion insulator phases have been realized. Furthermore, these observations occur at temperatures significantly lower than the Néel temperature of bulk MnBi2Te4, and measurement of the magnetic energy gap at the Dirac point in ultrathin MnBi2Te4 has yet to be achieved. Critical to achieving the promise of this system is a direct measurement of the layer-dependent energy gap and verification of a temperature-dependent topological phase transition from a large band gap QAH insulator to a gapless TI paramagnetic phase. Here we utilize temperature-dependent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to study epitaxial ultrathin MnBi2Te4. We directly observe a layer-dependent crossover from a 2D ferromagnetic insulator with a band gap greater than 780 meV in one septuple layer (1 SL) to a QAH insulator with a large energy gap (>70 meV) at 8 K in 3 and 5 SL MnBi2Te4. The QAH gap is confirmed to be magnetic in origin, as it becomes gapless with increasing temperature above 8 K.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
[3];
[1];
[2];
[1];
[1]
- Monash Univ., Clayton, VIC (Australia)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- KTH, Applied Physics, Stockholm (Sweden)
- Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC (Australia)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1818276
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- ACS Nano
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 15; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 1936-0851
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; magnetic topological insulator; thin film; MnBi2Te4; quantum anomalous Hall insulator; ferromagnetic insulator; angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy; thickness; insulators; energy; electrical conductivity; phase transitions
Citation Formats
Trang, Chi Xuan, Li, Qile, Yin, Yuefeng, Hwang, Jinwoong, Akhgar, Golrokh, Di Bernardo, Iolanda, Grubišić-Čabo, Antonija, Tadich, Anton, Fuhrer, Michael S., Mo, Sung-Kwan, Medhekar, Nikhil V., and Edmonds, Mark T. Crossover from 2D Ferromagnetic Insulator to Wide Band Gap Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulator in Ultrathin MnBi2Te4. United States: N. p., 2021.
Web. doi:10.1021/acsnano.1c03936.
Trang, Chi Xuan, Li, Qile, Yin, Yuefeng, Hwang, Jinwoong, Akhgar, Golrokh, Di Bernardo, Iolanda, Grubišić-Čabo, Antonija, Tadich, Anton, Fuhrer, Michael S., Mo, Sung-Kwan, Medhekar, Nikhil V., & Edmonds, Mark T. Crossover from 2D Ferromagnetic Insulator to Wide Band Gap Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulator in Ultrathin MnBi2Te4. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c03936
Trang, Chi Xuan, Li, Qile, Yin, Yuefeng, Hwang, Jinwoong, Akhgar, Golrokh, Di Bernardo, Iolanda, Grubišić-Čabo, Antonija, Tadich, Anton, Fuhrer, Michael S., Mo, Sung-Kwan, Medhekar, Nikhil V., and Edmonds, Mark T. Fri .
"Crossover from 2D Ferromagnetic Insulator to Wide Band Gap Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulator in Ultrathin MnBi2Te4". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c03936. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1818276.
@article{osti_1818276,
title = {Crossover from 2D Ferromagnetic Insulator to Wide Band Gap Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulator in Ultrathin MnBi2Te4},
author = {Trang, Chi Xuan and Li, Qile and Yin, Yuefeng and Hwang, Jinwoong and Akhgar, Golrokh and Di Bernardo, Iolanda and Grubišić-Čabo, Antonija and Tadich, Anton and Fuhrer, Michael S. and Mo, Sung-Kwan and Medhekar, Nikhil V. and Edmonds, Mark T.},
abstractNote = {Intrinsic magnetic topological insulators offer low disorder and large magnetic band gaps for robust magnetic topological phases operating at higher temperatures. By controlling the layer thickness, emergent phenomena such as the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect and axion insulator phases have been realized. Furthermore, these observations occur at temperatures significantly lower than the Néel temperature of bulk MnBi2Te4, and measurement of the magnetic energy gap at the Dirac point in ultrathin MnBi2Te4 has yet to be achieved. Critical to achieving the promise of this system is a direct measurement of the layer-dependent energy gap and verification of a temperature-dependent topological phase transition from a large band gap QAH insulator to a gapless TI paramagnetic phase. Here we utilize temperature-dependent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to study epitaxial ultrathin MnBi2Te4. We directly observe a layer-dependent crossover from a 2D ferromagnetic insulator with a band gap greater than 780 meV in one septuple layer (1 SL) to a QAH insulator with a large energy gap (>70 meV) at 8 K in 3 and 5 SL MnBi2Te4. The QAH gap is confirmed to be magnetic in origin, as it becomes gapless with increasing temperature above 8 K.},
doi = {10.1021/acsnano.1c03936},
journal = {ACS Nano},
number = 8,
volume = 15,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Aug 13 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Fri Aug 13 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Massive Dirac Fermion on the Surface of a Magnetically Doped Topological Insulator
journal, August 2010
- Chen, Y. L.; Chu, J. - H.; Analytis, J. G.
- Science, Vol. 329, Issue 5992
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple
journal, October 1996
- Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868
Surface states and Rashba-type spin polarization in antiferromagnetic MnBi 2 Te 4 (0001)
journal, September 2019
- Vidal, R. C.; Bentmann, H.; Peixoto, T. R. F.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 12
Large-Gap Magnetic Topological Heterostructure Formed by Subsurface Incorporation of a Ferromagnetic Layer
journal, May 2017
- Hirahara, Toru; Eremeev, Sergey V.; Shirasawa, Tetsuroh
- Nano Letters, Vol. 17, Issue 6
High-precision realization of robust quantum anomalous Hall state in a hard ferromagnetic topological insulator
journal, March 2015
- Chang, Cui-Zu; Zhao, Weiwei; Kim, Duk Y.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 5
Magnetic topological insulators
journal, January 2019
- Tokura, Yoshinori; Yasuda, Kenji; Tsukazaki, Atsushi
- Nature Reviews Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 2
Hybrid functionals based on a screened Coulomb potential
journal, May 2003
- Heyd, Jochen; Scuseria, Gustavo E.; Ernzerhof, Matthias
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 118, Issue 18
Efficiency of ab-initio total energy calculations for metals and semiconductors using a plane-wave basis set
journal, July 1996
- Kresse, G.; Furthmüller, J.
- Computational Materials Science, Vol. 6, Issue 1, p. 15-50
Chemical Aspects of the Candidate Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi 2 Te 4
journal, March 2019
- Zeugner, Alexander; Nietschke, Frederik; Wolter, Anja U. B.
- Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 8
Experimental Observation of the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in a Magnetic Topological Insulator
journal, March 2013
- Chang, C. -Z.; Zhang, J.; Feng, X.
- Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6129
Dynamical axion field in topological magnetic insulators
journal, March 2010
- Li, Rundong; Wang, Jing; Qi, Xiao-Liang
- Nature Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 4
Colloquium: Topological insulators
journal, November 2010
- Hasan, M. Z.; Kane, C. L.
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 82, Issue 4, p. 3045-3067
Experimental Realization of an Intrinsic Magnetic Topological Insulator *
journal, June 2019
- Gong, Yan; Guo, Jingwen; Li, Jiaheng
- Chinese Physics Letters, Vol. 36, Issue 7
Experimental Realization of a Three-Dimensional Topological Insulator, Bi2Te3
journal, June 2009
- Chen, Y. L.; Analytis, J. G.; Chu, J.-H.
- Science, Vol. 325, Issue 5937, p. 178-181
Crystal structure, properties and nanostructuring of a new layered chalcogenide semiconductor, Bi2MnTe4
journal, January 2013
- Lee, Dong Sun; Kim, Tae-Hoon; Park, Cheol-Hee
- CrystEngComm, Vol. 15, Issue 27
Spin scattering and noncollinear spin structure-induced intrinsic anomalous Hall effect in antiferromagnetic topological insulator
journal, August 2019
- Lee, Seng Huat; Zhu, Yanglin; Wang, Yu
- Physical Review Research, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Electron-energy-loss spectra and the structural stability of nickel oxide: An LSDA+U study
journal, January 1998
- Dudarev, S. L.; Botton, G. A.; Savrasov, S. Y.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 57, Issue 3, p. 1505-1509
Chiral Majorana fermion modes in a quantum anomalous Hall insulator–superconductor structure
journal, July 2017
- He, Qing Lin; Pan, Lei; Stern, Alexander L.
- Science, Vol. 357, Issue 6348
Topological Insulators in Three Dimensions
journal, March 2007
- Fu, Liang; Kane, C. L.; Mele, E. J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 10, Article No. 106803
Robust axion insulator and Chern insulator phases in a two-dimensional antiferromagnetic topological insulator
journal, January 2020
- Liu, Chang; Wang, Yongchao; Li, Hao
- Nature Materials
Quantum anomalous Hall effect in intrinsic magnetic topological insulator MnBi 2 Te 4
journal, January 2020
- Deng, Yujun; Yu, Yijun; Shi, Meng Zhu
- Science, Vol. 367, Issue 6480
Topological Axion States in the Magnetic Insulator with the Quantized Magnetoelectric Effect
journal, May 2019
- Zhang, Dongqin; Shi, Minji; Zhu, Tongshuai
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 20
Intrinsic Topological Insulator Bi2Te3 Thin Films on Si and Their Thickness Limit
journal, July 2010
- Li, Yao-Yi; Wang, Guang; Zhu, Xie-Gang
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 36
Enhancing the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect by Magnetic Codoping in a Topological Insulator
journal, November 2017
- Ou, Yunbo; Liu, Chang; Jiang, Gaoyuan
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 1
Understanding band gaps of solids in generalized Kohn–Sham theory
journal, March 2017
- Perdew, John P.; Yang, Weitao; Burke, Kieron
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 114, Issue 11
Imaging Dirac-mass disorder from magnetic dopant atoms in the ferromagnetic topological insulator Cr x (Bi 0.1 Sb 0.9 ) 2-x Te 3
journal, January 2015
- Lee, Inhee; Kim, Chung Koo; Lee, Jinho
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 5
Magnetic modulation doping in topological insulators toward higher-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect
journal, November 2015
- Mogi, M.; Yoshimi, R.; Tsukazaki, A.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 18
Strain-tunable magnetic anisotropy in monolayer , , and
journal, October 2018
- Webster, Lucas; Yan, Jia-An
- Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 14
Crossover of the three-dimensional topological insulator Bi2Se3 to the two-dimensional limit
journal, June 2010
- Zhang, Yi; He, Ke; Chang, Cui-Zu
- Nature Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 8
Prediction and observation of an antiferromagnetic topological insulator
journal, December 2019
- Otrokov, M. M.; Klimovskikh, I. I.; Bentmann, H.
- Nature, Vol. 576, Issue 7787
Intrinsic magnetic topological insulators in van der Waals layered MnBi 2 Te 4 -family materials
journal, June 2019
- Li, Jiaheng; Li, Yang; Du, Shiqiao
- Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 6
Quantized Anomalous Hall Effect in Magnetic Topological Insulators
journal, June 2010
- Yu, R.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, H. -J.
- Science, Vol. 329, Issue 5987
Highly-ordered wide bandgap materials for quantized anomalous Hall and magnetoelectric effects
journal, April 2017
- Otrokov, M. M.; Menshchikova, T. V.; Vergniory, M. G.
- 2D Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 2
Unique Thickness-Dependent Properties of the van der Waals Interlayer Antiferromagnet Films
journal, March 2019
- Otrokov, M. M.; Rusinov, I. P.; Blanco-Rey, M.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 10
A consistent and accurate ab initio parametrization of density functional dispersion correction (DFT-D) for the 94 elements H-Pu
journal, April 2010
- Grimme, Stefan; Antony, Jens; Ehrlich, Stephan
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 132, Issue 15
Large magnetic gap at the Dirac point in Bi2Te3/MnBi2Te4 heterostructures
journal, December 2019
- Rienks, E. D. L.; Wimmer, S.; Sánchez-Barriga, J.
- Nature, Vol. 576, Issue 7787
Ferromagnetism in one-dimensional monatomic metal chains
journal, March 2002
- Gambardella, P.; Dallmeyer, A.; Maiti, K.
- Nature, Vol. 416, Issue 6878