Multi-energy reconstructions, central electron temperature measurements, and early detection of the birth and growth of runaway electrons using a versatile soft x-ray pinhole camera at MST

Delgado-Aparicio, L. F.; VanMeter, P.; Barbui, T.; Chellai, O.; Wallace, J.; Yamazaki, H.; Kojima, S.; Almagari, A. F.; Hurst, N. C.; Chapman, B. E.; McCollam, K. J.; Den Hartog, D. J.; Sarff, J. S.; Reusch, L. M.; Pablant, N.; Hill, K.; Bitter, M.; Ono, M.; Stratton, B.; Takase, Y.; Luethi, B.; Rissi, M.; Donath, T.; Hofer, P.; Pilet, N.

doi:10.1063/5.0043672

Title: Multi-energy reconstructions, central electron temperature measurements, and early detection of the birth and growth of runaway electrons using a versatile soft x-ray pinhole camera at MST

Abstract

A multi-energy soft x-ray pinhole camera has been designed, built, and deployed at the Madison Symmetric Torus to aid the study of particle and thermal transport, as well as MHD stability physics. This novel imaging diagnostic technique employs a pixelated x-ray detector in which the lower energy threshold for photon detection can be adjusted independently on each pixel. The detector of choice is a PILATUS3 100 K with a 450 μm thick silicon sensor and nearly 100 000 pixels sensitive to photon energies between 1.6 and 30 keV. An ensemble of cubic spline smoothing functions has been applied to the line-integrated data for each time-frame and energy-range, obtaining a reduced standard-deviation when compared to that dominated by photon-noise. The multi-energy local emissivity profiles are obtained from a 1D matrix-based Abel-inversion procedure. Central values of Te can be obtained by modeling the slope of the continuum radiation from ratios of the inverted radial emissivity profiles over multiple energy ranges with no a priori assumptions of plasma profiles, magnetic field reconstruction constraints, high-density limitations, or need of shot-to-shot reproducibility. In tokamak plasmas, a novel application has recently been tested for early detection, 1D imaging, and study of the birth, exponential growth, and saturation ofmore »« less

Authors:

;

; Yamazaki, H.;

; Almagari, A. F.;

;

; McCollam, K. J.; Den Hartog, D. J.; Sarff, J. S.; Reusch, L. M.;

;

; Bitter, M.;

; Stratton, B.;

Publication Date:: Fri Jul 02 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1805056

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466

Resource Type:: Publisher's Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Review of Scientific Instruments

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Review of Scientific Instruments Journal Volume: 92 Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 0034-6748

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Formats


                    Delgado-Aparicio, L. F., VanMeter, P., Barbui, T., Chellai, O., Wallace, J., Yamazaki, H., Kojima, S., Almagari, A. F., Hurst, N. C., Chapman, B. E., McCollam, K. J., Den Hartog, D. J., Sarff, J. S., Reusch, L. M., Pablant, N., Hill, K., Bitter, M., Ono, M., Stratton, B., Takase, Y., Luethi, B., Rissi, M., Donath, T., Hofer, P., and Pilet, N. Multi-energy reconstructions, central electron temperature measurements, and early detection of the birth and growth of runaway electrons using a versatile soft x-ray pinhole camera at MST.  United States: N. p., 2021. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/5.0043672.

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                    Delgado-Aparicio, L. F., VanMeter, P., Barbui, T., Chellai, O., Wallace, J., Yamazaki, H., Kojima, S., Almagari, A. F., Hurst, N. C., Chapman, B. E., McCollam, K. J., Den Hartog, D. J., Sarff, J. S., Reusch, L. M., Pablant, N., Hill, K., Bitter, M., Ono, M., Stratton, B., Takase, Y., Luethi, B., Rissi, M., Donath, T., Hofer, P., & Pilet, N. Multi-energy reconstructions, central electron temperature measurements, and early detection of the birth and growth of runaway electrons using a versatile soft x-ray pinhole camera at MST.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0043672

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                    Delgado-Aparicio, L. F., VanMeter, P., Barbui, T., Chellai, O., Wallace, J., Yamazaki, H., Kojima, S., Almagari, A. F., Hurst, N. C., Chapman, B. E., McCollam, K. J., Den Hartog, D. J., Sarff, J. S., Reusch, L. M., Pablant, N., Hill, K., Bitter, M., Ono, M., Stratton, B., Takase, Y., Luethi, B., Rissi, M., Donath, T., Hofer, P., and Pilet, N. Fri .  
"Multi-energy reconstructions, central electron temperature measurements, and early detection of the birth and growth of runaway electrons using a versatile soft x-ray pinhole camera at MST".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0043672.

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@article{osti_1805056,

  title        = {Multi-energy reconstructions, central electron temperature measurements, and early detection of the birth and growth of runaway electrons using a versatile soft x-ray pinhole camera at MST},

  author       = {Delgado-Aparicio, L. F. and VanMeter, P. and Barbui, T. and Chellai, O. and Wallace, J. and Yamazaki, H. and Kojima, S. and Almagari, A. F. and Hurst, N. C. and Chapman, B. E. and McCollam, K. J. and Den Hartog, D. J. and Sarff, J. S. and Reusch, L. M. and Pablant, N. and Hill, K. and Bitter, M. and Ono, M. and Stratton, B. and Takase, Y. and Luethi, B. and Rissi, M. and Donath, T. and Hofer, P. and Pilet, N.},

  abstractNote = {A multi-energy soft x-ray pinhole camera has been designed, built, and deployed at the Madison Symmetric Torus to aid the study of particle and thermal transport, as well as MHD stability physics. This novel imaging diagnostic technique employs a pixelated x-ray detector in which the lower energy threshold for photon detection can be adjusted independently on each pixel. The detector of choice is a PILATUS3 100 K with a 450 μm thick silicon sensor and nearly 100 000 pixels sensitive to photon energies between 1.6 and 30 keV. An ensemble of cubic spline smoothing functions has been applied to the line-integrated data for each time-frame and energy-range, obtaining a reduced standard-deviation when compared to that dominated by photon-noise. The multi-energy local emissivity profiles are obtained from a 1D matrix-based Abel-inversion procedure. Central values of Te can be obtained by modeling the slope of the continuum radiation from ratios of the inverted radial emissivity profiles over multiple energy ranges with no a priori assumptions of plasma profiles, magnetic field reconstruction constraints, high-density limitations, or need of shot-to-shot reproducibility. In tokamak plasmas, a novel application has recently been tested for early detection, 1D imaging, and study of the birth, exponential growth, and saturation of runaway electrons at energies comparable to 100 × Te,0; thus, early results are also presented.},

  doi          = {10.1063/5.0043672},

  journal      = {Review of Scientific Instruments},

  number       = 7,

  volume       = 92,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Jul 02 00:00:00 EDT 2021},

  month        = {Fri Jul 02 00:00:00 EDT 2021}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

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VanMeter, P.; Delgado-Aparicio, L. F.; Reusch, L.
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Multi-energy x-ray detector calibration for Te and impurity density (nZ) measurements of MCF plasmas
journal, August 2016

Maddox, J.; Pablant, N.; Efthimion, P.
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Simulation, design, and first test of a multi-energy soft x-ray (SXR) pinhole camera in the Madison Symmetric Torus (MST)
journal, October 2018

Delgado-Aparicio, L. F.; Wallace, J.; Yamazaki, H.
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Title: Multi-energy reconstructions, central electron temperature measurements, and early detection of the birth and growth of runaway electrons using a versatile soft x-ray pinhole camera at MST

Abstract

Citation Formats

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Optimization of the configuration of pixilated detectors based on the Shannon-Nyquist theory journal, October 2012

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Multi-energy x-ray detector calibration for Te and impurity density (nZ) measurements of MCF plasmas journal, August 2016

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journal, October 2001

Optimization of the configuration of pixilated detectors based on the Shannon-Nyquist theory
journal, October 2012

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journal, October 2018

Multi-energy x-ray detector calibration for Te and impurity density (nZ) measurements of MCF plasmas
journal, August 2016

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journal, October 2018

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journal, November 2015

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journal, November 2016

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journal, December 2005

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journal, January 1995

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