Multi-energy x-ray detector calibration for Te and impurity density (nZ) measurements of MCF plasmas

Maddox, J.; Pablant, N.; Efthimion, P.; Delgado-Aparicio, L.; Hill, K. W.; Bitter, M.; Reinke, M. L.; Rissi, M.; Donath, T.; Luethi, B.; Stratton, B.

doi:10.1063/1.4960602

Title: Multi-energy x-ray detector calibration for T_e and impurity density (n_Z) measurements of MCF plasmas

Abstract

Here, soft x-ray detection with the new "multi-energy" PILATUS3 detector systems holds promise as a magnetically confined fusion (MCF) plasma diagnostic for ITER and beyond. The measured x-ray brightness can be used to determine impurity concentrations, electron temperatures, n²_eZ_eff products, and to probe the electron energy distribution. However, in order to be effective, these detectors which are really large arrays of detectors with photon energy gating capabilities must be precisely calibrated for each pixel. The energy-dependence of the detector response of the multi-energy PILATUS3 system with 100 K pixels has been measured at Dectris Laboratory. X-rays emitted from a tube under high voltage bombard various elements such that they emit x-ray lines from Zr-Lα to Ag-Kα between 1.8 and 22.16 keV. Each pixel on the PILATUS3 can be set to a minimum energy threshold in the range from 1.6 to 25 keV. This feature allows a single detector to be sensitive to a variety of x-ray energies, so that it is possible to sample the energy distribution of the x-ray continuum and line-emission. PILATUS3 can be configured for 1D or 2D imaging of MCF plasmas with typical spatial energy and temporal resolution of 1 cm, 0.6 keV, and 5 ms,more » respectively.« less

Authors:

^[1]; Pablant, N. ^[1]; Efthimion, P. ^[1]; Delgado-Aparicio, L. ^[1]; Hill, K. W. ^[1]; Bitter, M. ^[1]; Reinke, M. L. ^[2]; Rissi, M. ^[3];

^[3]; Luethi, B. ^[3]; Stratton, B. ^[1]

Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
DECTRIS Ltd. (Switzerland)

Publication Date:: Wed Sep 07 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1309457

Report Number(s):: 5266
Journal ID: ISSN 0034-6748; RSINAK

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Review of Scientific Instruments

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 87; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 0034-6748

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; calibration; photons; X-ray detectors; molybdenum; plasma temperature

Citation Formats


                    Maddox, J., Pablant, N., Efthimion, P., Delgado-Aparicio, L., Hill, K. W., Bitter, M., Reinke, M. L., Rissi, M., Donath, T., Luethi, B., and Stratton, B. Multi-energy x-ray detector calibration for Te and impurity density (nZ) measurements of MCF plasmas.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/1.4960602.

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                    Maddox, J., Pablant, N., Efthimion, P., Delgado-Aparicio, L., Hill, K. W., Bitter, M., Reinke, M. L., Rissi, M., Donath, T., Luethi, B., & Stratton, B. Multi-energy x-ray detector calibration for Te and impurity density (nZ) measurements of MCF plasmas.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4960602

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                    Maddox, J., Pablant, N., Efthimion, P., Delgado-Aparicio, L., Hill, K. W., Bitter, M., Reinke, M. L., Rissi, M., Donath, T., Luethi, B., and Stratton, B. Wed .  
"Multi-energy x-ray detector calibration for Te and impurity density (nZ) measurements of MCF plasmas".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4960602.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1309457.

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@article{osti_1309457,

  title        = {Multi-energy x-ray detector calibration for Te and impurity density (nZ) measurements of MCF plasmas},

  author       = {Maddox, J. and Pablant, N. and Efthimion, P. and Delgado-Aparicio, L. and Hill, K. W. and Bitter, M. and Reinke, M. L. and Rissi, M. and Donath, T. and Luethi, B. and Stratton, B.},

  abstractNote = {Here, soft x-ray detection with the new "multi-energy" PILATUS3 detector systems holds promise as a magnetically confined fusion (MCF) plasma diagnostic for ITER and beyond. The measured x-ray brightness can be used to determine impurity concentrations, electron temperatures, n2eZeff products, and to probe the electron energy distribution. However, in order to be effective, these detectors which are really large arrays of detectors with photon energy gating capabilities must be precisely calibrated for each pixel. The energy-dependence of the detector response of the multi-energy PILATUS3 system with 100 K pixels has been measured at Dectris Laboratory. X-rays emitted from a tube under high voltage bombard various elements such that they emit x-ray lines from Zr-Lα to Ag-Kα between 1.8 and 22.16 keV. Each pixel on the PILATUS3 can be set to a minimum energy threshold in the range from 1.6 to 25 keV. This feature allows a single detector to be sensitive to a variety of x-ray energies, so that it is possible to sample the energy distribution of the x-ray continuum and line-emission. PILATUS3 can be configured for 1D or 2D imaging of MCF plasmas with typical spatial energy and temporal resolution of 1 cm, 0.6 keV, and 5 ms, respectively.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.4960602},

  journal      = {Review of Scientific Instruments},

  number       = 11,

  volume       = 87,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Sep 07 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Wed Sep 07 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

X-ray imaging crystal spectroscopy for use in plasma transport research
journal, November 2012

Reinke, M. L.; Podpaly, Y. A.; Bitter, M.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1063/1.4758281

Impurity transport studies in NSTX neutral beam heated H-mode plasmas
journal, July 2009

Delgado-Aparicio, L.; Stutman, D.; Tritz, K.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 49, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1088/0029-5515/49/8/085028

Novel energy resolving x-ray pinhole camera on Alcator C-Mod
journal, October 2012

Pablant, N. A.; Delgado-Aparicio, L.; Bitter, M.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1063/1.4732177

Characterization and Calibration of PILATUS Detectors
journal, June 2009

Kraft, P.; Bergamaschi, A.; Bronnimann, Ch.
IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Vol. 56, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2008.2009448

Edge multi-energy soft x-ray diagnostic in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak
journal, December 2015

Li, Y. L.; Xu, G. S.; Tritz, K.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 86, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1063/1.4938155

X-ray observations of 2 l - nl ′ transitions from Zr, Nb, Mo, and Pd in near-neonlike charge states
journal, June 1996

Rice, J. E.; Fournier, K. B.; Terry, J. L.
Physical Review A, Vol. 53, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.53.3953

Works referencing / citing this record:

Pixel-to-pixel variation on a calibrated PILATUS3-based multi-energy soft x-ray detector
journal, October 2018

VanMeter, P.; Delgado-Aparicio, L. F.; Reusch, L.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1063/1.5037347

In situ wavelength calibration system for the X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectrometer (XICS) on W7-X
journal, October 2018

Kring, J.; Pablant, N.; Langenberg, A.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1063/1.5038809

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Title: Multi-energy x-ray detector calibration for Te and impurity density (nZ) measurements of MCF plasmas

Abstract

Citation Formats

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Title: Multi-energy x-ray detector calibration for T_e and impurity density (n_Z) measurements of MCF plasmas

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