Keratin-derived functional carbon with superior charge storage and transport for high-performance supercapacitors
Abstract
In this work, we report a scalable method to synthesize hierarchically porous, hetero-atom doped activated carbon nanosheet from waste biomass-human hair, and demonstrates the use of this carbon as an ultra-high performance electrode material for supercapacitor applications. Microscopic analyses reveal that sheet size ranges from 50 to 200 nm having a thickness of 15–27 nm. As-synthesized, carbon nanosheets possess a hierarchical porous structure having a specific surface area of 1548 m2 g-1. Heteroatom concentration (nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur) of around 25% is confirmed from XPS analysis. Therefore, the novel interconnected hierarchical porous nanosheets structure enables fast adsorption and transportation of ions during electrochemical processes. Also, the abundant chemically available electroactive heteroatom species in the material enhance the wettability of ions and contribute to pseudocapacitance. The electrochemical analyses through cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements in 6 M KOH reveal the quasi-EDLC behavior of the activated carbons due to the presence of heteroatoms. A reprensentative KOH activated carbon shows an excellent specific capacitance value of 999 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1. Furthermore, the symmetrically assembled two-electrode device also delivers a maximum energy density of 32 W h Kg-1 at a power density of 325 W Kg-1.more »
- Authors:
-
- Indian Inst. of Technology, Kanpur (India). Advanced Nanoengineering Materials Lab.
- Indian Inst. of Technology BHU, Varanasi, UP (India)
- Kumamoto Univ. (Japan). Nanocarbon Materials Science Lab.
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Inst., Durgapur (India)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1648959
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Carbon
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 168; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0008-6223
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 42 ENGINEERING; Activated carbon; BET surface area; capacitance; carbon; carbon nanosheets; energy density; flexible; heteroatoms; hierarchical pores; human hair; power density; symmetric supercapacitor; waste biomass; redox active solid state electrolyte
Citation Formats
Sinha, Prerna, Yadav, Amit, Tyagi, Alekha, Paik, Pradip, Yokoi, Hiroyuki, Naskar, Amit K., Kuila, Tapas, and Kar, Kamal K. Keratin-derived functional carbon with superior charge storage and transport for high-performance supercapacitors. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2020.07.007.
Sinha, Prerna, Yadav, Amit, Tyagi, Alekha, Paik, Pradip, Yokoi, Hiroyuki, Naskar, Amit K., Kuila, Tapas, & Kar, Kamal K. Keratin-derived functional carbon with superior charge storage and transport for high-performance supercapacitors. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2020.07.007
Sinha, Prerna, Yadav, Amit, Tyagi, Alekha, Paik, Pradip, Yokoi, Hiroyuki, Naskar, Amit K., Kuila, Tapas, and Kar, Kamal K. Sat .
"Keratin-derived functional carbon with superior charge storage and transport for high-performance supercapacitors". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2020.07.007. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1648959.
@article{osti_1648959,
title = {Keratin-derived functional carbon with superior charge storage and transport for high-performance supercapacitors},
author = {Sinha, Prerna and Yadav, Amit and Tyagi, Alekha and Paik, Pradip and Yokoi, Hiroyuki and Naskar, Amit K. and Kuila, Tapas and Kar, Kamal K.},
abstractNote = {In this work, we report a scalable method to synthesize hierarchically porous, hetero-atom doped activated carbon nanosheet from waste biomass-human hair, and demonstrates the use of this carbon as an ultra-high performance electrode material for supercapacitor applications. Microscopic analyses reveal that sheet size ranges from 50 to 200 nm having a thickness of 15–27 nm. As-synthesized, carbon nanosheets possess a hierarchical porous structure having a specific surface area of 1548 m2 g-1. Heteroatom concentration (nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur) of around 25% is confirmed from XPS analysis. Therefore, the novel interconnected hierarchical porous nanosheets structure enables fast adsorption and transportation of ions during electrochemical processes. Also, the abundant chemically available electroactive heteroatom species in the material enhance the wettability of ions and contribute to pseudocapacitance. The electrochemical analyses through cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements in 6 M KOH reveal the quasi-EDLC behavior of the activated carbons due to the presence of heteroatoms. A reprensentative KOH activated carbon shows an excellent specific capacitance value of 999 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1. Furthermore, the symmetrically assembled two-electrode device also delivers a maximum energy density of 32 W h Kg-1 at a power density of 325 W Kg-1. In addition, excellent cyclic stability of 98% capacitance retention is observed after 10,000 continuous GCD cycles even at a high current density of 5 A g-1. Symmetric flexible supercapacitor device using KOH-PVA-K3FeCN6 as redox gel polymer electrolyte shows a synergistic specific capacitance of 145 mF cm-1 at a current density of 0.8 mA cm-1 exhibiting very less deviation in bending mode. Therefore, this waste biomass derived heteroatom doped hierarchical porous carbon nanosheets can be a promising material for cost-effective high- performance supercapacitor.},
doi = {10.1016/j.carbon.2020.07.007},
journal = {Carbon},
number = 1,
volume = 168,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat Jul 18 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Sat Jul 18 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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