Near-equilibrium growth from borophene edges on silver

Zhang, Zhuhua; Mannix, Andrew J.; Liu, Xiaolong; Hu, Zhili; Guisinger, Nathan P.; Hersam, Mark C.; Yakobson, Boris I.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax0246

Title: Near-equilibrium growth from borophene edges on silver

Journal Article · 31 August 2019 · Science Advances

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax0246 · OSTI ID:1626019

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^[3]; Hu, Zhili ^[4]; Guisinger, Nathan P. ^[5];

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State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China; Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States). 7. 2Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering and Department of Chemistry; DOE/OSTI
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Center for Nanoscale Materials; Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Applied Physics Graduate Program
State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China; Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States). 7. 2Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering and Department of Chemistry
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Center for Nanoscale Materials
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Applied Physics Graduate Program, Dept. of Chemistry
Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States). 2. 2Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering and Department of Chemistry

Two-dimensional boron, borophene, was realized in recent experiments but still lacks an adequate growth theory for guiding its controlled synthesis. Combining ab initio calculations and experimental characterization, we study edges and growth kinetics of borophene on Ag(111). In equilibrium, the borophene edges are distinctly reconstructed with exceptionally low energies, in contrast to those of other two-dimensional materials. Away from equilibrium, sequential docking of boron feeding species to the reconstructed edges tends to extend the given lattice out of numerous polymorphic structures. Furthermore, each edge can grow via multiple energy pathways of atomic row assembly due to variable boron-boron coordination. These pathways reveal different degrees of anisotropic growth kinetics, shaping borophene into diverse elongated hexagonal islands in agreement with experimental observations in terms of morphology as well as edge orientation and periodicity. These results further suggest that ultrathin borophene ribbons can be grown at low temperature and low boron chemical potential.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation (NSF) Materials Research Science and Engineering Center; Office of Naval Research; Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; SC0012547

OSTI ID:: 1626019

Journal Information:: Science Advances, Journal Name: Science Advances Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 5; ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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