Search Menu
DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Search Scholarly Publications

Title: Borophene Synthesis on Au(111)

Journal Article · · ACS Nano
 [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3]; ORCiD logo [4];  [1];  [5];  [3]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [5]
  1. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
  2. Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
  3. Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)
  4. Nanjing Univ. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing (China)
  5. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

Borophene (the first two-dimensional (2D) allotrope of boron) is emerging as a groundbreaking system for boron-based chemistry and, more broadly, the field of low-dimensional materials. Exploration of the phase space for growth is critical because borophene is a synthetic 2D material that does not have a bulk layered counterpart and thus cannot be isolated via exfoliation methods. Furthermore, we report synthesis of borophene on Au(111) substrates. Unlike previously studied growth on Ag substrates, boron diffuses into Au at elevated temperatures and segregates to the surface to form borophene islands as the substrate cools. These observations are supported by ab initio modeling of interstitial boron diffusion into the Au lattice. Borophene synthesis also modifies the surface reconstruction of the Au(111) substrate, resulting in a trigonal network that templates growth at low coverage. This initial growth is composed of discrete borophene nanoclusters, whose shape and size are consistent with theoretical predictions. As the concentration of boron increases, nanotemplating breaks down and larger borophene islands are observed. Spectroscopic measurements reveal that borophene grown on Au(111) possesses a metallic electronic structure, suggesting potential applications in 2D plasmonics, superconductivity, interconnects, electrodes, and transparent conductors.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research (ONR)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1532535
Journal Information:
ACS Nano, Vol. 13, Issue 4; ISSN 1936-0851
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 227 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (41)

β-Rhombohedral Boron: At the Crossroads of the Chemistry of Boron and the Physics of Frustration journal March 2013
Ionic high-pressure form of elemental boron journal January 2009
Hydrocarbon analogues of boron clusters — planarity, aromaticity and antiaromaticity journal November 2003
Understanding Boron through Size-Selected Clusters: Structure, Chemical Bonding, and Fluxionality journal February 2014
Observation of an all-boron fullerene journal July 2014
Planar hexagonal B36 as a potential basis for extended single-atom layer boron sheets journal January 2014
Honeycomb Boron Allotropes with Dirac Cones: A True Analogue to Graphene journal June 2017
Synthesis of borophenes: Anisotropic, two-dimensional boron polymorphs journal December 2015
Experimental realization of two-dimensional boron sheets journal March 2016
Two-Dimensional Boron Monolayers Mediated by Metal Substrates journal September 2015
Substrate-Induced Nanoscale Undulations of Borophene on Silver journal September 2016
Self-assembly of electronically abrupt borophene/organic lateral heterostructures journal February 2017
Probing the Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Boron by First-Principles Computations journal January 2013
Synthesis and chemistry of elemental 2D materials journal January 2017
Intermixing and periodic self-assembly of borophene line defects journal July 2018
Metal Templates and Boron Sources Controlling Borophene Structures: An Ab Initio Study journal January 2018
Can Two-Dimensional Boron Superconduct? journal March 2016
Scanning tunneling microscopy observations on the reconstructed Au(111) surface: Atomic structure, long-range superstructure, rotational domains, and surface defects journal November 1990
Preferential island nucleation at the elbows of the Au(111) herringbone reconstruction through place exchange journal September 1996
The Self-Assembly Mechanism of Alkanethiols on Au(111) journal May 1996
Nucleation of ordered Ni island arrays on Au(111) by surface-lattice dislocations journal April 1991
Selective assembly on a surface of supramolecular aggregates with controlled size and shape journal October 2001
Tailoring molecular layers at metal surfaces journal January 2010
Epitaxial growth of thin magnetic cobalt films on Au(111) studied by scanning tunneling microscopy journal November 1991
Self-organized growth of nanostructure arrays on strain-relief patterns journal July 1998
Au(111)-Based Nanotemplates by Gd Alloying journal February 2010
The contribution of lattice strain to core-level binding energy shifts in metal nanoparticles: Generality and origin of the shifts journal May 2012
Cluster Core-Level Binding-Energy Shifts: The Role of Lattice Strain journal July 2004
X-ray photoemission analysis of clean and carbon monoxide-chemisorbed platinum(111) stepped surfaces using a curved crystal journal November 2015
The surface science of graphene: Metal interfaces, CVD synthesis, nanoribbons, chemical modifications, and defects journal March 2012
Equilibrium at the edge and atomistic mechanisms of graphene growth journal September 2012
Local strain analysis of the herringbone reconstruction of Au(111) through atomistic simulations journal January 2002
Photoelectron spectroscopy of size-selected boron clusters: from planar structures to borophenes and borospherenes journal January 2016
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Observation of an Electronic Superlattice at the Surface of Clean Gold journal February 1998
Scanning tunneling spectroscopy of InAs nanocrystal quantum dots journal June 2000
Identification of atomic-like electronic states in indium arsenide nanocrystal quantum dots journal August 1999
Cryogenic variable temperature ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope for single molecule studies on silicon surfaces journal December 2004
Inertial tip translator for a scanning tunneling microscope journal August 1993
Ab initio molecular-dynamics simulation of the liquid-metal–amorphous-semiconductor transition in germanium journal May 1994
Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set journal October 1996
A climbing image nudged elastic band method for finding saddle points and minimum energy paths journal December 2000

Cited By (7)

The Xenes Generations: A Taxonomy of Epitaxial Single‐Element 2D Materials journal September 2019
Superconductivity in predicted two dimensional XB 6 (X = Ga, In) journal January 2020
Flat Boron: A New Cousin of Graphene journal June 2019
2D Boron Sheets: Structure, Growth, and Electronic and Thermal Transport Properties journal August 2019
2D Elemental Nanomaterials Beyond Graphene journal June 2019
Experimental realization of quasicubic boron sheets journal January 2020
The Xenes Generations: A Taxonomy of Epitaxial Single‐Element 2D Materials journal September 2019

Similar Records

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
Au(111)
allotrope
borophene
scanning tunneling microscopy
synthesis
two-dimensional materials