DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Polarity-Controlled Attachment of Cytochrome C for High-Performance Cytochrome C/Graphene van der Waals Heterojunction Photodetectors

Abstract

Abstract Biomolecule/graphene van der Waals heterojunction provides a generic platform for designing high‐performance, flexible, and scalable optoelectronics. A key challenge is, in controllable attachment, the biomolecules to form a desired interfacial electronic structure for a high‐efficiency optoelectronic process of photoabsorption, exciton dissociation into photocarriers, carrier transfer, and transport. Here, it is shown that a polarity‐controlled attachment of the Cytochrome c (Cyt c) biomolecules can be achieved on the channel of graphene field effect transistors (GFET). High‐efficiency charge transfer across the formed Cyt c/graphene interface is demonstrated when Cyt c attaches with positively charged side to GFET as predicted by molecular dynamics simulation and confirmed experimentally. This Cyt c/GFET van der Waals heterojunction nanohybrid photodetector exhibits a spectral photoresponsivity resembling the absorption spectrum of the Cyt c, confirming the role of Cty c as the photosensitizer in the device. The high visible photoresponsivity up to 7.57 × 10 4 A W −1 can be attributed to the high photoconductive gain in exceeding 10 5 facilitated by the high carrier mobility in graphene. This result therefore demonstrates a viable approach in synthesis of the biomolecule/graphene van der Waals heterojunction optoelectronics using polarity‐controlled biomolecule attachment, which can be expanded for on‐chip printing ofmore » high‐performance molecular optoelectronics.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1]
  1. Univ. of Kansas, Lawrence, KS (United States)
  2. Univ. of Missouri, Kansas City, MO (United States)
  3. Univ. of Kansas, Lawrence, KS (United States); South Univ. of Science and Technology, Guangdong (China)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC); Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
OSTI Identifier:
1543458
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1410705
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC03-76SF00098; DE‐AC03‐76SF00098
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Advanced Functional Materials
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 28; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1616-301X
Publisher:
Wiley
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics

Citation Formats

Gong, Maogang, Adhikari, Puja, Gong, Youpin, Wang, Ti, Liu, Qingfeng, Kattel, Bhupal, Ching, Wai-Yim, Chan, Wai-Lun, and Wu, Judy Z. Polarity-Controlled Attachment of Cytochrome C for High-Performance Cytochrome C/Graphene van der Waals Heterojunction Photodetectors. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1002/adfm.201704797.
Gong, Maogang, Adhikari, Puja, Gong, Youpin, Wang, Ti, Liu, Qingfeng, Kattel, Bhupal, Ching, Wai-Yim, Chan, Wai-Lun, & Wu, Judy Z. Polarity-Controlled Attachment of Cytochrome C for High-Performance Cytochrome C/Graphene van der Waals Heterojunction Photodetectors. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201704797
Gong, Maogang, Adhikari, Puja, Gong, Youpin, Wang, Ti, Liu, Qingfeng, Kattel, Bhupal, Ching, Wai-Yim, Chan, Wai-Lun, and Wu, Judy Z. Thu . "Polarity-Controlled Attachment of Cytochrome C for High-Performance Cytochrome C/Graphene van der Waals Heterojunction Photodetectors". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201704797. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1543458.
@article{osti_1543458,
title = {Polarity-Controlled Attachment of Cytochrome C for High-Performance Cytochrome C/Graphene van der Waals Heterojunction Photodetectors},
author = {Gong, Maogang and Adhikari, Puja and Gong, Youpin and Wang, Ti and Liu, Qingfeng and Kattel, Bhupal and Ching, Wai-Yim and Chan, Wai-Lun and Wu, Judy Z.},
abstractNote = {Abstract Biomolecule/graphene van der Waals heterojunction provides a generic platform for designing high‐performance, flexible, and scalable optoelectronics. A key challenge is, in controllable attachment, the biomolecules to form a desired interfacial electronic structure for a high‐efficiency optoelectronic process of photoabsorption, exciton dissociation into photocarriers, carrier transfer, and transport. Here, it is shown that a polarity‐controlled attachment of the Cytochrome c (Cyt c) biomolecules can be achieved on the channel of graphene field effect transistors (GFET). High‐efficiency charge transfer across the formed Cyt c/graphene interface is demonstrated when Cyt c attaches with positively charged side to GFET as predicted by molecular dynamics simulation and confirmed experimentally. This Cyt c/GFET van der Waals heterojunction nanohybrid photodetector exhibits a spectral photoresponsivity resembling the absorption spectrum of the Cyt c, confirming the role of Cty c as the photosensitizer in the device. The high visible photoresponsivity up to 7.57 × 10 4 A W −1 can be attributed to the high photoconductive gain in exceeding 10 5 facilitated by the high carrier mobility in graphene. This result therefore demonstrates a viable approach in synthesis of the biomolecule/graphene van der Waals heterojunction optoelectronics using polarity‐controlled biomolecule attachment, which can be expanded for on‐chip printing of high‐performance molecular optoelectronics.},
doi = {10.1002/adfm.201704797},
journal = {Advanced Functional Materials},
number = 5,
volume = 28,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Nov 30 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Thu Nov 30 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 13 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: (a) Schematic image of the Cyt c/GFET heterojunction photodetector (upper). Image of a GFET channel before and after the Cyt c was printed on its channel, respectively (the scale bar is 5 μm). (b) Partial charge distribution in Cyt c (1HRC) obtained from the simulation. (c) A schematicmore » image of Cyt c polarity-controlled absorption on graphene under an electrostatic field. (d) Source-drain current of a GFET measured under dark in air (top) and in vacuum (bottom) before and after the Cyt c was printed on the GFET channel of about 4.3 μm (Length) × 11.6 μm (Width). The inset shows the Fermi level change corresponding to the four ID-VBG curves.« less

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

Molecular-Scale Electronics: From Concept to Function
journal, March 2016


Arrayed Van Der Waals Broadband Detectors for Dual-Band Detection
journal, February 2017


Cytochrome c :  Occurrence and Functions
journal, January 2006

  • Bertini, Ivano; Cavallaro, Gabriele; Rosato, Antonio
  • Chemical Reviews, Vol. 106, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1021/cr050241v

Mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures
journal, August 2016

  • Jariwala, Deep; Marks, Tobin J.; Hersam, Mark C.
  • Nature Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1038/nmat4703

Current saturation in zero-bandgap, top-gated graphene field-effect transistors
journal, September 2008

  • Meric, Inanc; Han, Melinda Y.; Young, Andrea F.
  • Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 3, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2008.268

All-Printable ZnO Quantum Dots/Graphene van der Waals Heterostructures for Ultrasensitive Detection of Ultraviolet Light
journal, March 2017


Towards Protein Field-Effect Transistors: Report and Model of a Prototype
journal, April 2005


Broad-Spectral-Response Nanocarbon Bulk-Heterojunction Excitonic Photodetectors
journal, May 2013


Tryptophan−Heme π-Electrostatic Interactions in Cytochrome f of Oxygenic Photosynthesis
journal, May 2000

  • Ponamarev, Mikhail V.; Schlarb, Beatrix G.; Howe, Christopher J.
  • Biochemistry, Vol. 39, Issue 20
  • DOI: 10.1021/bi9928997

Nanomechanical oscillations in a single-C60 transistor
journal, September 2000

  • Park, Hongkun; Park, Jiwoong; Lim, Andrew K. L.
  • Nature, Vol. 407, Issue 6800
  • DOI: 10.1038/35024031

Printable Nanocomposite FeS 2 –PbS Nanocrystals/Graphene Heterojunction Photodetectors for Broadband Photodetection
journal, August 2017

  • Gong, Maogang; Liu, Qingfeng; Goul, Ryan
  • ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 9, Issue 33
  • DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08226

Extraordinary Photocurrent Harvesting at Type-II Heterojunction Interfaces: Toward High Detectivity Carbon Nanotube Infrared Detectors
journal, February 2012

  • Lu, Rongtao; Christianson, Caleb; Kirkeminde, Alec
  • Nano Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1021/nl303302p

Wrapping cytochrome c around single-wall carbon nanotube: engineered nanohybrid building blocks for infrared detection at high quantum efficiency
journal, June 2015

  • Gong, Youpin; Liu, Qingfeng; Wilt, Jamie Samantha
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep11328

Photodetectors Based on Two-Dimensional Layered Materials Beyond Graphene
journal, November 2016

  • Xie, Chao; Mak, Chunhin; Tao, Xiaoming
  • Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201603886

Printable Transfer-Free and Wafer-Size MoS 2 /Graphene van der Waals Heterostructures for High-Performance Photodetection
journal, March 2017

  • Liu, Qingfeng; Cook, Brent; Gong, Maogang
  • ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 9, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00912

Fault Modeling and Logic Simulation of CMOS and MOS Integrated Circuits
journal, May 1978


Electron transfer and coupling in graphene–tungsten disulfide van der Waals heterostructures
journal, November 2014

  • He, Jiaqi; Kumar, Nardeep; Bellus, Matthew Z.
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6622

Split Bull’s Eye Shaped Aluminum Antenna for Plasmon-Enhanced Nanometer Scale Germanium Photodetector
journal, March 2011

  • Ren, Fang-Fang; Ang, Kah-Wee; Ye, Jiandong
  • Nano Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1021/nl104338z

Mechanisms for the Direct Electron Transfer of Cytochrome c Induced by Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
journal, August 2012

  • Zhao, Hua-Zhang; Du, Qian; Li, Zhen-Shan
  • Sensors, Vol. 12, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.3390/s120810450

Cytochrome c: functions beyond respiration
journal, July 2008

  • Ow, Yong-Ling P.; Green, Douglas R.; Hao, Zhenyue
  • Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Vol. 9, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1038/nrm2434

Hybrid graphene–quantum dot phototransistors with ultrahigh gain
journal, May 2012

  • Konstantatos, Gerasimos; Badioli, Michela; Gaudreau, Louis
  • Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 7, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2012.60

Solution-Processed Graphene Quantum Dot Deep-UV Photodetectors
journal, January 2015


Doped graphene nanohole arrays for flexible transparent conductors
journal, July 2011

  • Liu, Jianwei; Xu, Guowei; Rochford, Caitlin
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3610939

Graphene/GaSe-Nanosheet Hybrid: Towards High Gain and Fast Photoresponse
journal, January 2016

  • Lu, Rongtao; Liu, Jianwei; Luo, Hongfu
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep19161

Alternative Conformations of Cytochrome c : Structure, Function, and Detection
journal, January 2016


Photodetection Based on Ionic Liquid Gated Plasmonic Ag Nanoparticle/Graphene Nanohybrid Field Effect Transistors
journal, May 2014

  • Xu, Guowei; Lu, Rongtao; Liu, Jianwei
  • Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1002/adom.201400077

Iron Pyrite (FeS 2 ) Broad Spectral and Magnetically Responsive Photodetectors
journal, January 2013

  • Gong, Maogang; Kirkeminde, Alec; Xie, Yu
  • Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1002/adom.201200003

Designing the Interface of Carbon Nanotube/Biomaterials for High-Performance Ultra-Broadband Photodetection
journal, March 2017

  • Gong, Youpin; Adhikari, Puja; Liu, Qingfeng
  • ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 9, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00352

Single-molecule transistors
journal, January 2015

  • Perrin, Mickael L.; Burzurí, Enrique; van der Zant, Herre S. J.
  • Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 44, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1039/C4CS00231H

DC Magnetic Cloak
journal, November 2011


Probing effect of electric field on photocarrier transfer in graphene-WS_2 van der Waals heterostructures
journal, January 2017


Recent progress in van der Waals heterojunctions
journal, January 2017


Electronic and electrochemical doping of graphene by surface adsorbates
journal, January 2014

  • Pinto, Hugo; Markevich, Alexander
  • Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, Vol. 5
  • DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.195

Non-fluorescent schemes for single-molecule detection, imaging and spectroscopy
journal, December 2015


Inductive Fault Analysis of MOS Integrated Circuits
journal, January 1985


Graphene Field-Effect Transistors with Gigahertz-Frequency Power Gain on Flexible Substrates
journal, December 2012

  • Petrone, Nicholas; Meric, Inanc; Hone, James
  • Nano Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1021/nl303666m

Electron transfer mechanism of cytochrome c at graphene electrode
journal, June 2010

  • Alwarappan, Subbiah; Joshi, Rakesh K.; Ram, Manoj K.
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 26
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3458698

van der Waals Heterojunction Devices Based on Organohalide Perovskites and Two-Dimensional Materials
journal, December 2015


Direct Wiring of Cytochrome c 's Heme Unit to an Electrode:  Electrochemical Studies
journal, August 2002

  • Wei, Jianjun; Liu, Haiying; Dick, Allison R.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 124, Issue 32
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja025518c

High-Performance Photodetectors Based on Effective Exciton Dissociation in Protein-Adsorbed Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Nanohybrids
journal, September 2016

  • Gong, Youpin; Liu, Qingfeng; Gong, Maogang
  • Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1002/adom.201600478

Yeast cytochrome c integrated with electronic elements: a nanoscopic and spectroscopic study down to single-molecule level
journal, May 2007


Plasmonic Graphene Transparent Conductors
journal, March 2012


Works referencing / citing this record:

Application of organic–graphene hybrids in high performance photodetectors
journal, January 2020

  • Liu, Jie; Liang, Qiu; Zhao, Ruoyu
  • Materials Chemistry Frontiers, Vol. 4, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1039/c9qm00517j

Large photoelectric-gating effect of two-dimensional van-der-Waals organic/tungsten diselenide heterointerface
journal, July 2018


Lateral Graphene p–n Junctions Realized by Nanoscale Bipolar Doping Using Surface Electric Dipoles and Self‐Organized Molecular Anions
journal, November 2018

  • Zhang, Yong; Hu, Guangliang; Gong, Maogang
  • Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1002/admi.201801380

2D–Organic Hybrid Heterostructures for Optoelectronic Applications
journal, February 2019


Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.