Search Menu
DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Search Scholarly Publications

Title: Reconfigurable ferromagnetic liquid droplets

Abstract

Solid ferromagnetic materials are rigid in shape and cannot be reconfigured. Ferrofluids, although reconfigurable, are paramagnetic at room temperature and lose their magnetization when the applied magnetic field is removed. Here, we show a reversible paramagnetic-to-ferromagnetic transformation of ferrofluid droplets by the jamming of a monolayer of magnetic nanoparticles assembled at the water-oil interface. These ferromagnetic liquid droplets exhibit a finite coercivity and remanent magnetization. They can be easily reconfigured into different shapes while preserving the magnetic properties of solid ferromagnets with classic north-south dipole interactions. Finally, their translational and rotational motions can be actuated remotely and precisely by an external magnetic field, inspiring studies on active matter, energy-dissipative assemblies, and programmable liquid constructs.

Authors:
ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division
OSTI Identifier:
1543067
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1592413
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Science
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Science Journal Volume: 365 Journal Issue: 6450; Journal ID: ISSN 0036-8075
Publisher:
AAAS
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats

Liu, Xubo, Kent, Noah, Ceballos, Alejandro, Streubel, Robert, Jiang, Yufeng, Chai, Yu, Kim, Paul Y., Forth, Joe, Hellman, Frances, Shi, Shaowei, Wang, Dong, Helms, Brett A., Ashby, Paul D., Fischer, Peter, and Russell, Thomas P.. Reconfigurable ferromagnetic liquid droplets. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1126/science.aaw8719.
Copy to clipboard
Liu, Xubo, Kent, Noah, Ceballos, Alejandro, Streubel, Robert, Jiang, Yufeng, Chai, Yu, Kim, Paul Y., Forth, Joe, Hellman, Frances, Shi, Shaowei, Wang, Dong, Helms, Brett A., Ashby, Paul D., Fischer, Peter, & Russell, Thomas P.. Reconfigurable ferromagnetic liquid droplets. United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw8719
Copy to clipboard
Liu, Xubo, Kent, Noah, Ceballos, Alejandro, Streubel, Robert, Jiang, Yufeng, Chai, Yu, Kim, Paul Y., Forth, Joe, Hellman, Frances, Shi, Shaowei, Wang, Dong, Helms, Brett A., Ashby, Paul D., Fischer, Peter, and Russell, Thomas P.. Thu . "Reconfigurable ferromagnetic liquid droplets". United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw8719.
Copy to clipboard
@article{osti_1543067,
title = {Reconfigurable ferromagnetic liquid droplets},
author = {Liu, Xubo and Kent, Noah and Ceballos, Alejandro and Streubel, Robert and Jiang, Yufeng and Chai, Yu and Kim, Paul Y. and Forth, Joe and Hellman, Frances and Shi, Shaowei and Wang, Dong and Helms, Brett A. and Ashby, Paul D. and Fischer, Peter and Russell, Thomas P.},
abstractNote = {Solid ferromagnetic materials are rigid in shape and cannot be reconfigured. Ferrofluids, although reconfigurable, are paramagnetic at room temperature and lose their magnetization when the applied magnetic field is removed. Here, we show a reversible paramagnetic-to-ferromagnetic transformation of ferrofluid droplets by the jamming of a monolayer of magnetic nanoparticles assembled at the water-oil interface. These ferromagnetic liquid droplets exhibit a finite coercivity and remanent magnetization. They can be easily reconfigured into different shapes while preserving the magnetic properties of solid ferromagnets with classic north-south dipole interactions. Finally, their translational and rotational motions can be actuated remotely and precisely by an external magnetic field, inspiring studies on active matter, energy-dissipative assemblies, and programmable liquid constructs.},
doi = {10.1126/science.aaw8719},
journal = {Science},
number = 6450,
volume = 365,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {7}
}
Copy to clipboard
Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw8719
Copyright Statement
Other availability
Search WorldCat Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 78 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: Tunable transformation of a paramagnetic FF into an FLD by the interfacial jamming of MNP-surfactants. (A) Magnetic hysteresis loops of droplets with (red line) and without (black line) an interfacial layer of jammed MNP-surfactants measured with a vibrating sample magnetometer. Two schematics of aqueous FF and FLD, containingmore » Fe3O4-CO2H MNPs (0.5 g L–1) at pH 4.5, immersed in toluene without and with POSS-NH2 ligands (1.0 g L-1). (B) Hysteresis loops of individual 5-mL aqueous droplets, with 0.5 g L–1 and 0.05 g L–1 of Fe3O4-CO2H MNPs at different pH, immersed in 0.01 g L–1 ligand solution. Surface coverage (SC) of droplets is ~7 to ~20% where MNPS assemblies are not jammed. (C) Hysteresis loops of single, jammed aqueous droplets with 0.5 g L–1 of MNPs at pH 4.5 immersed in a 1.0 g L–1 solution of POSS-NH2 in toluene and hysteresis loops of the same system after being sonicated (figs. S1 and S2). (D) Mr and Ms of the droplets as a function of droplet volume. In the inset, the remanence ratio Mr/Ms as a function of initial droplet volume (single droplet or droplet sonicated into multiple smaller droplets) remains constant at ~0.25. FF, ferrofluid; FLD, ferromagnetic liquid droplet.« less
All figures and tables (4 total)
Save / Share:
Export Metadata
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.

Works referenced in this record:

Field Induced Formation of Mesoscopic Polymer Chains from Functional Ferromagnetic Colloids
journal, May 2007

  • Benkoski, Jason J.; Bowles, Steven E.; Korth, Bryan D.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 129, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja070779d

Dynamic self-assembly of magnetized, millimetre-sized objects rotating at a liquid–air interface
journal, June 2000

  • Grzybowski, Bartosz A.; Stone, Howard A.; Whitesides, George M.
  • Nature, Vol. 405, Issue 6790
  • DOI: 10.1038/35016528

A Mechanism of Magnetic Hysteresis in Heterogeneous Alloys
journal, May 1948

  • Stoner, E. C.; Wohlfarth, E. P.
  • Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 240, Issue 826
  • DOI: 10.1098/rsta.1948.0007

Spatial and Temporal Correlations of XY Macro Spins
journal, September 2018

A Photographic Study of Mayer's Floating Magnets
journal, January 1909

  • Derr, Louis
  • Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Vol. 44, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.2307/20022464

Static and dynamic magnetic properties of spherical magnetite nanoparticles
journal, September 2003

  • Goya, G. F.; Berquó, T. S.; Fonseca, F. C.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 94, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1599959

Reconfigurable Printed Liquids
journal, March 2018

Reconfigurable Microfluidic Droplets Stabilized by Nanoparticle Surfactants
journal, February 2018

Magnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Protection, Functionalization, and Application
journal, February 2007

  • Lu, An-Hui; Salabas, E. L.; Schüth, Ferdi
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 46, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.200602866

Liquid Tubule Formation and Stabilization Using Cellulose Nanocrystal Surfactants
journal, September 2017

  • Liu, Xubo; Shi, Shaowei; Li, Yanan
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 56, Issue 41
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706839

Liquid Letters
journal, January 2018

Shape and Buckling Transitions in Solid-Stabilized Drops †
journal, October 2005

  • Xu, Hui; Melle, Sonia; Golemanov, Konstantin
  • Langmuir, Vol. 21, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1021/la0507378

Switchable Static and Dynamic Self-Assembly of Magnetic Droplets on Superhydrophobic Surfaces
journal, July 2013

Mechanical and Microscopic Properties of the Reversible Plastic Regime in a 2D Jammed Material
journal, January 2014

Ferrofluids and their applications
journal, November 2013

Dynamic and programmable self-assembly of micro-rafts at the air-water interface
journal, May 2017

  • Wang, Wendong; Giltinan, Joshua; Zakharchenko, Svetlana
  • Science Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1602522

Stabilizing Liquid Drops in Nonequilibrium Shapes by the Interfacial Jamming of Nanoparticles
journal, October 2013

Dipole interactions with random anisotropy in a frozen ferrofluid
journal, November 1991

    Sort by:
    [ × clear filter / sort ]

    Figures / Tables found in this record:

    Fig. 1 (p. 2)figure
    Fig. 2 (p. 2)figure
    Fig. 3 (p. 3)figure
    Fig. 4 (p. 4)figure
      [ × clear filter / sort ]
      Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.

      Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections: