Enhanced interfacial ferromagnetism and exchange bias in (111)-oriented LaNiO3/CaMnO3 superlattices

Flint, C. L.; Yi, D.; Karapetrova, E.; N'Diaye, A. T.; Shafer, P.; Arenholz, E.; Suzuki, Y.

doi:10.1103/physrevmaterials.3.064401

Title: Enhanced interfacial ferromagnetism and exchange bias in (111)-oriented ${LaNiO}_{3} / {CaMnO}_{3}$ superlattices

Abstract

© 2019 American Physical Society. Emergent properties of complex oxide interfaces are based on interface reconstruction that is driven by mismatch of electronic bands, valence states, interaction lengths, and even crystal symmetry of the interface. In particular, emergent ferromagnetism at the interface of two materials that do not exhibit ferro- or ferrimagnetism in the bulk has been stabilized as a result of competing exchange interactions. When LaNiO3 and CaMnO3, which are a paramagnetic metal and antiferromagnetic insulator in the bulk, respectively, are brought together, ferromagnetism emerges at the interface. Here we show that in (111)-oriented LaNiO3/CaMnO3 (LNO/CMO) superlattices, Ni2+-Mn4+ superexchange interactions due to polar mismatch at the LNO/CMO interfaces are responsible for the emergent ferromagnetism. Compared to (001)-oriented LNO/CMO superlattices, (111)-oriented LNO/CMO superlattices exhibit enhanced interfacial ferromagnetism with a TC>200 K, greater than the bulk antiferromagnetic transition temperature of CaMnO3 and a saturated magnetic moment enhanced by up to a factor of 3. Furthermore, we observe exchange bias in (111)-oriented superlattices. The strong exchange interactions along the (111) interface, manifest in the enhanced Tc and exchange bias, make this class of CMO-based materials with (111)-oriented interfaces good candidates for low-dimensional spin-polarized materials in spintronic applications.

Authors:

Flint, C. L. ^[1]; Yi, D. ^[1]; Karapetrova, E. ^[2]; N'Diaye, A. T. ^[3]; Shafer, P. ^[3]; Arenholz, E. ^[3]; Suzuki, Y. ^[1]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)

Publication Date:: Mon Jun 03 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1532381

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1524116; OSTI ID: 1559868; OSTI ID: 1634046; OSTI ID: 1635665

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0008505; AC02-76SF00515; AC02-05CH11231; AC02-06CH11357; ECCS-1542152

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review Materials

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 3; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2475-9953

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; emergent magnetism; complex oxides; ferromagnetism; magnetic interactions; interfaces; magnetic multilayers; transition-metal oxides; 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Citation Formats


                    Flint, C. L., Yi, D., Karapetrova, E., N'Diaye, A. T., Shafer, P., Arenholz, E., and Suzuki, Y. Enhanced interfacial ferromagnetism and exchange bias in (111)-oriented LaNiO3/CaMnO3 superlattices.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/physrevmaterials.3.064401.

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                    Flint, C. L., Yi, D., Karapetrova, E., N'Diaye, A. T., Shafer, P., Arenholz, E., & Suzuki, Y. Enhanced interfacial ferromagnetism and exchange bias in (111)-oriented LaNiO3/CaMnO3 superlattices.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.3.064401

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                    Flint, C. L., Yi, D., Karapetrova, E., N'Diaye, A. T., Shafer, P., Arenholz, E., and Suzuki, Y. Mon .  
"Enhanced interfacial ferromagnetism and exchange bias in (111)-oriented LaNiO3/CaMnO3 superlattices".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.3.064401.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1532381.

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@article{osti_1532381,

  title        = {Enhanced interfacial ferromagnetism and exchange bias in (111)-oriented LaNiO3/CaMnO3 superlattices},

  author       = {Flint, C. L. and Yi, D. and Karapetrova, E. and N'Diaye, A. T. and Shafer, P. and Arenholz, E. and Suzuki, Y.},

  abstractNote = {© 2019 American Physical Society. Emergent properties of complex oxide interfaces are based on interface reconstruction that is driven by mismatch of electronic bands, valence states, interaction lengths, and even crystal symmetry of the interface. In particular, emergent ferromagnetism at the interface of two materials that do not exhibit ferro- or ferrimagnetism in the bulk has been stabilized as a result of competing exchange interactions. When LaNiO3 and CaMnO3, which are a paramagnetic metal and antiferromagnetic insulator in the bulk, respectively, are brought together, ferromagnetism emerges at the interface. Here we show that in (111)-oriented LaNiO3/CaMnO3 (LNO/CMO) superlattices, Ni2+-Mn4+ superexchange interactions due to polar mismatch at the LNO/CMO interfaces are responsible for the emergent ferromagnetism. Compared to (001)-oriented LNO/CMO superlattices, (111)-oriented LNO/CMO superlattices exhibit enhanced interfacial ferromagnetism with a TC>200 K, greater than the bulk antiferromagnetic transition temperature of CaMnO3 and a saturated magnetic moment enhanced by up to a factor of 3. Furthermore, we observe exchange bias in (111)-oriented superlattices. The strong exchange interactions along the (111) interface, manifest in the enhanced Tc and exchange bias, make this class of CMO-based materials with (111)-oriented interfaces good candidates for low-dimensional spin-polarized materials in spintronic applications.},

  doi          = {10.1103/physrevmaterials.3.064401},

  journal      = {Physical Review Materials},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 3,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Jun 03 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Mon Jun 03 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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Title: Enhanced interfacial ferromagnetism and exchange bias in (111)-oriented LaNiO 3 / CaMnO 3 superlattices

Abstract

Citation Formats

Metal-insulator transition in oxygen-deficient LaNiO 3 − x perovskites journal, December 1996

Lattice parameters and orthorhombic distortion of CaMnO 3 journal, March 2010

Tunable exchange bias effect in Sr-doped double perovskite La 2 NiMnO 6 journal, April 2013

Charge transfer, confinement, and ferromagnetism in LaMnO 3 /LaNiO 3 (001) superlattices journal, July 2013

Electronic properties of the metallic perovskite LaNiO 3 : Correlated behavior of 3 d electrons journal, September 1992

Electron Leakage and Double-Exchange Ferromagnetism at the Interface between a Metal and an Antiferromagnetic Insulator: CaRuO 3 / CaMnO 3 journal, May 2007

Polarity compensation in ultra-thin films of complex oxides: The case of a perovskite nickelate journal, October 2014

Interfacial properties of LaMnO 3 / LaNiO 3 superlattices grown along (001) and (111) orientations journal, July 2015

Effects of Nonequilibrium Growth, Nonstoichiometry, and Film Orientation on the Metal-to-Insulator Transition in NdNiO 3 Thin Films journal, December 2014

Magnetic exchange interactions in perovskite LaMnO3/LaMO3 (M=Ni, Co, Cr, Fe) superlattices journal, March 1999

Interface ferromagnetism in oxide superlattices of CaMnO3/CaRuO3 journal, August 2001

Polar metals by geometric design journal, April 2016

Interfacial Ferromagnetism in LaNiO 3 / CaMnO 3 Superlattices journal, August 2013

Role of polar compensation in interfacial ferromagnetism of LaNiO 3 / CaMnO 3 superlattices journal, July 2017

Epitaxial growth of (111)-oriented LaAlO3/LaNiO3 ultra-thin superlattices journal, December 2012

Interfacial Symmetry Control of Emergent Ferromagnetism at the Nanoscale journal, August 2016

Charge transport and magnetization profile at the interface between the correlated metal CaRuO 3 and the antiferromagnetic insulator CaMnO 3 journal, March 2010

Imposed layer-by-layer growth by pulsed laser interval deposition journal, June 1999

Influence of Ni/Mn cation order on the spin-phonon coupling in multifunctional La 2 NiMnO 6 epitaxial films by polarized Raman spectroscopy journal, October 2009

Local valence and magnetic characteristics of La 2 NiMnO 6 journal, May 2009

Magnetism in CaMnO 3 thin films journal, May 2014

Exchange bias in LaNiO3–LaMnO3 superlattices journal, January 2012

Manipulating the polar mismatch at the LaNi O 3 / SrTi O 3 (111) interface journal, April 2017

Superexchange interaction and symmetry properties of electron orbitals journal, July 1959

Tuning interfacial ferromagnetism in LaNiO 3 / CaMnO 3 superlattices by stabilizing nonequilibrium crystal symmetry journal, October 2017

Charge transfer-induced magnetic exchange bias and electron localization in (111)- and (001)-oriented LaNiO 3 /LaMnO 3 superlattices journal, March 2017

Transition from Pauli Paramagnetism to Band Ferromagnetism in Very Thin Ni Films journal, July 1978

Ferromagnetism in LaFeO3-LaCrO3 Superlattices journal, May 1998

Effects of strain on orbital ordering and magnetism at perovskite oxide interfaces: LaMnO 3 / SrMnO 3 journal, August 2008

Oxidation states of Mn and Fe in various compound oxide systems journal, July 2006

The Exchange Bias of LaMnO3/LaNiO3 Superlattices Grown along Different Orientations journal, September 2017

Electric-field tuning of the metal-insulator transition in ultrathin films of LaNiO3 journal, November 2009

Interfacial Ferromagnetism and Exchange Bias in CaRuO 3 / CaMnO 3 Superlattices journal, November 2012

Theory of the Role of Covalence in the Perovskite-Type Manganites [ La , M ( II ) ] Mn O 3 journal, October 1955

Title: Enhanced interfacial ferromagnetism and exchange bias in (111)-oriented ${LaNiO}_{3} / {CaMnO}_{3}$ superlattices

Metal-insulator transition in oxygen-deficient ${LaNiO}_{3 - x}$ perovskites
journal, December 1996

Lattice parameters and orthorhombic distortion of CaMnO ₃
journal, March 2010

Tunable exchange bias effect in Sr-doped double perovskite La ₂ NiMnO ₆
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Charge transfer, confinement, and ferromagnetism in LaMnO $_{3}$ /LaNiO $_{3}$ (001) superlattices
journal, July 2013

Electronic properties of the metallic perovskite ${LaNiO}_{3}$ : Correlated behavior of 3 d electrons
journal, September 1992

Electron Leakage and Double-Exchange Ferromagnetism at the Interface between a Metal and an Antiferromagnetic Insulator: ${CaRuO}_{3} / {CaMnO}_{3}$
journal, May 2007

Polarity compensation in ultra-thin films of complex oxides: The case of a perovskite nickelate
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Interfacial properties of ${LaMnO}_{3} / {LaNiO}_{3}$ superlattices grown along (001) and (111) orientations
journal, July 2015

Effects of Nonequilibrium Growth, Nonstoichiometry, and Film Orientation on the Metal-to-Insulator Transition in NdNiO ₃ Thin Films
journal, December 2014

Magnetic exchange interactions in perovskite LaMnO3/LaMO3 (M=Ni, Co, Cr, Fe) superlattices
journal, March 1999

Interface ferromagnetism in oxide superlattices of CaMnO3/CaRuO3
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Polar metals by geometric design
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Interfacial Ferromagnetism in ${LaNiO}_{3} / {CaMnO}_{3}$ Superlattices
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Role of polar compensation in interfacial ferromagnetism of ${LaNiO}_{3} / {CaMnO}_{3}$ superlattices
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Epitaxial growth of (111)-oriented LaAlO3/LaNiO3 ultra-thin superlattices
journal, December 2012

Interfacial Symmetry Control of Emergent Ferromagnetism at the Nanoscale
journal, August 2016

Charge transport and magnetization profile at the interface between the correlated metal ${CaRuO}_{3}$ and the antiferromagnetic insulator ${CaMnO}_{3}$
journal, March 2010

Imposed layer-by-layer growth by pulsed laser interval deposition
journal, June 1999

Influence of Ni/Mn cation order on the spin-phonon coupling in multifunctional ${La}_{2} {NiMnO}_{6}$ epitaxial films by polarized Raman spectroscopy
journal, October 2009

Local valence and magnetic characteristics of ${La}_{2} {NiMnO}_{6}$
journal, May 2009

Magnetism in CaMnO ₃ thin films
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journal, January 2012

Manipulating the polar mismatch at the $LaNi O_{3} / SrTi O_{3}$ (111) interface
journal, April 2017

Superexchange interaction and symmetry properties of electron orbitals
journal, July 1959

Tuning interfacial ferromagnetism in ${LaNiO}_{3} / {CaMnO}_{3}$ superlattices by stabilizing nonequilibrium crystal symmetry
journal, October 2017

Charge transfer-induced magnetic exchange bias and electron localization in (111)- and (001)-oriented LaNiO ₃ /LaMnO ₃ superlattices
journal, March 2017

Transition from Pauli Paramagnetism to Band Ferromagnetism in Very Thin Ni Films
journal, July 1978

Ferromagnetism in LaFeO3-LaCrO3 Superlattices
journal, May 1998

Effects of strain on orbital ordering and magnetism at perovskite oxide interfaces: ${LaMnO}_{3} / {SrMnO}_{3}$
journal, August 2008

Oxidation states of Mn and Fe in various compound oxide systems
journal, July 2006

The Exchange Bias of LaMnO3/LaNiO3 Superlattices Grown along Different Orientations
journal, September 2017

Electric-field tuning of the metal-insulator transition in ultrathin films of LaNiO3
journal, November 2009

Interfacial Ferromagnetism and Exchange Bias in ${CaRuO}_{3} / {CaMnO}_{3}$ Superlattices
journal, November 2012

Theory of the Role of Covalence in the Perovskite-Type Manganites $[La, M (II)] Mn O_{3}$
journal, October 1955