UV-luminescent MgZnO semiconductor alloys: nanostructure and optical properties

Thapa, Dinesh; Huso, Jesse; Miklos, Kevin; Wojcik, Peter M.; McIlroy, David N.; Morrison, John L.; Corolewski, Caleb; McCluskey, Matthew D.; Williams, Thomas J.; Grant Norton, M.; Bergman, Leah

doi:10.1007/s10854-016-5825-2

Title: UV-luminescent MgZnO semiconductor alloys: nanostructure and optical properties

Abstract

MgZnO is emerging as a vital semiconductor-alloy system with desirable optical properties that can span a large range of the UV spectrum. Due to its benign chemical character, MgZnO is considered to be an environmentally friendly material. This paper presents studies on annealing as a useful and straightforward approach for the enhancement of the optical and crystal quality of Mg0.17Zn0.83O nanocrystalline films grown via DC sputtering. The alloys were studied via several imaging and optical techniques. It was found that high-temperature annealing, ~900 °C, in Argon atmosphere, significantly improves the solubility of the alloy. This temperature range is consistent with the thermal diffusion temperature of Mg needed for the creation of a soluble alloy. Moreover, the annealing process was found to minimize the undesirable visible luminescence, attributed to Mg and Zn interstitials, while significantly enhancing the bandgap sharpness and the efficiency of the UV-luminescence at ~3.5 eV. The analysis indicated that these optical attributes were achieved due to the combined effects of good solubility, an improved morphology, and a reduction of native defects. The annealing was also proven to be beneficial for the reduction of the compressive stress in the alloy: a relaxation ~1.8 GPa was calculated via Raman scattering.more »« less

Authors:: Thapa, Dinesh; Huso, Jesse; Miklos, Kevin; Wojcik, Peter M.; McIlroy, David N.; Morrison, John L.; Corolewski, Caleb; McCluskey, Matthew D.; Williams, Thomas J.; Grant Norton, M.; Bergman, Leah

Publication Date:: Mon Oct 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States); Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division

OSTI Identifier:: 1329729

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1423795; OSTI ID: 1489141

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-07ER46386

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Electronics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Electronics Journal Volume: 28 Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 0957-4522

Publisher:: Springer Science + Business Media

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; metal organic chemical vapor deposition; native defect; alloy film; Urbach energy; nanocrystalline film

Citation Formats


                    Thapa, Dinesh, Huso, Jesse, Miklos, Kevin, Wojcik, Peter M., McIlroy, David N., Morrison, John L., Corolewski, Caleb, McCluskey, Matthew D., Williams, Thomas J., Grant Norton, M., and Bergman, Leah. UV-luminescent MgZnO semiconductor alloys: nanostructure and optical properties.  United Kingdom: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1007/s10854-016-5825-2.

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                    Thapa, Dinesh, Huso, Jesse, Miklos, Kevin, Wojcik, Peter M., McIlroy, David N., Morrison, John L., Corolewski, Caleb, McCluskey, Matthew D., Williams, Thomas J., Grant Norton, M., & Bergman, Leah. UV-luminescent MgZnO semiconductor alloys: nanostructure and optical properties.  United Kingdom.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-5825-2

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                    Thapa, Dinesh, Huso, Jesse, Miklos, Kevin, Wojcik, Peter M., McIlroy, David N., Morrison, John L., Corolewski, Caleb, McCluskey, Matthew D., Williams, Thomas J., Grant Norton, M., and Bergman, Leah. Mon .  
"UV-luminescent MgZnO semiconductor alloys: nanostructure and optical properties".  United Kingdom.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-5825-2.

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@article{osti_1329729,

  title        = {UV-luminescent MgZnO semiconductor alloys: nanostructure and optical properties},

  author       = {Thapa, Dinesh and Huso, Jesse and Miklos, Kevin and Wojcik, Peter M. and McIlroy, David N. and Morrison, John L. and Corolewski, Caleb and McCluskey, Matthew D. and Williams, Thomas J. and Grant Norton, M. and Bergman, Leah},

  abstractNote = {MgZnO is emerging as a vital semiconductor-alloy system with desirable optical properties that can span a large range of the UV spectrum. Due to its benign chemical character, MgZnO is considered to be an environmentally friendly material. This paper presents studies on annealing as a useful and straightforward approach for the enhancement of the optical and crystal quality of Mg0.17Zn0.83O nanocrystalline films grown via DC sputtering. The alloys were studied via several imaging and optical techniques. It was found that high-temperature annealing, ~900 °C, in Argon atmosphere, significantly improves the solubility of the alloy. This temperature range is consistent with the thermal diffusion temperature of Mg needed for the creation of a soluble alloy. Moreover, the annealing process was found to minimize the undesirable visible luminescence, attributed to Mg and Zn interstitials, while significantly enhancing the bandgap sharpness and the efficiency of the UV-luminescence at ~3.5 eV. The analysis indicated that these optical attributes were achieved due to the combined effects of good solubility, an improved morphology, and a reduction of native defects. The annealing was also proven to be beneficial for the reduction of the compressive stress in the alloy: a relaxation ~1.8 GPa was calculated via Raman scattering. The inherent stress was inferred to originate mainly from the granular morphology of the alloys.},

  doi          = {10.1007/s10854-016-5825-2},

  journal      = {Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Electronics},

  number       = 3,

  volume       = 28,

  place        = {United Kingdom},

  year         = {Mon Oct 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Mon Oct 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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Cited by: 17 works

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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1: The SEM images of: a ZnO as-grown film, b MgZnO as grown, c MgZnO 750 °C annealed, and d MgZnO 900 °C annealed. The magnification of the SEM is 180 kX

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Title: UV-luminescent MgZnO semiconductor alloys: nanostructure and optical properties

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

Ultraviolet photoluminescence and Raman properties of MgZnO nanopowders journal, January 2006

Alloy broadening in photoluminescence spectra of Al x Ga 1 − x As journal, July 1984

Optical transitions and multiphonon Raman scattering of Cu doped ZnO and MgZnO ceramics journal, February 2009

Defects-Driven Ferromagnetism in Undoped Dilute Magnetic Oxides: A Review journal, October 2015

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Dependence of the fundamental band gap of AlxGa1−xN on alloy composition and pressure journal, June 1999

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Spin-Orbit Splitting of the Γ Exciton in MgO journal, August 1966

Highly luminescent, high-indium-content InGaN film with uniform composition and full misfit-strain relaxation journal, September 2013

Stabilization of BeZnO alloy by S incorporation: A density functional theory investigation journal, February 2016

Phonon dynamics and Urbach energy studies of MgZnO alloys journal, March 2015

Optical Properties and Electronic Structure of Amorphous Germanium journal, January 1966

The Oxygen Vacancy as the Origin of a Green Emission in Undoped ZnO journal, July 2001

CdSe nanoparticles: facile hydrothermal synthesis, characterization and optical properties journal, June 2015

Annealing effect on nano-ZnO powder studied from positron lifetime and optical absorption spectroscopy journal, January 2006

Growth and characteristics of ternary Zn1−x Mg x O films using magnetron co-sputtering journal, October 2007

Mobility control of ceramic grain boundaries and interfaces journal, July 1993

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Deposition and characterization of sputtered ZnO films journal, July 2007

Achieving highly-enhanced UV photoluminescence and its origin in ZnO nanocrystalline films journal, August 2016

Effects of Mg on the electrical characteristics and thermal stability of MgxZn1−xO thin film transistors journal, March 2011

Optical and structural characterization of AlInN layers for optoelectronic applications journal, September 2010

Growth and characterization of ZnO1−xSx highly mismatched alloys over the entire composition journal, December 2015

Raman scattering of polar modes of ZnO crystallites journal, November 2005

Anharmonic resonant Raman modes in Mg 0.2 Zn 0.8 O journal, March 2013

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Hydrothermal synthesis of CoSe nanostructures without using surfactant journal, August 2016

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Voltage-Current Characteristics of a Simple Zinc Oxide Varistor Containing Magnesia journal, April 1990

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Correlation between photoluminescence and oxygen vacancies in ZnO phosphors journal, January 1996

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Optical Properties of ZnO-Alloyed Nanocrystalline Films journal, January 2012

Optical and structural characterization of GaN thin films at different N to Ga flux ratios journal, January 2011

ZnS x O 1-x Films Grown on Flexible Substrates journal, January 2012

Interstitial zinc in zinc oxide journal, January 1957

Optimized synthesis of ZnSe nanocrystals by hydrothermal method journal, September 2015

Low temperature LO-phonon dynamics of MgZnO nanoalloys journal, September 2007

Cobalt selenide nanostructures: Hydrothermal synthesis, considering the magnetic property and effect of the different synthesis conditions journal, July 2016

Defect dynamics in annealed ZnO by positron annihilation spectroscopy journal, September 2005

Photoluminescence spectroscopy and positron annihilation spectroscopy probe of alloying and annealing effects in nonpolar m-plane ZnMgO thin films journal, April 2010

High-temperature growth and in-situ annealing of MgZnO thin films by RF sputtering journal, June 2008

Structural, morphological, and optical properties of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures with AlN buffer and interlayer journal, June 2007

The formation of MgZnO luminescent ceramics journal, September 2011

Influence of postdeposition annealing on the structural and optical properties of sputtered zinc oxide film journal, July 1996

MgxZn1−xO as a II–VI widegap semiconductor alloy journal, May 1998

Effects of Mg Additions on Microstructure and Optical Properties of Sol-Gel Derived ZnO Thin Films journal, January 2008

Sol–gel derived amorphous/nanocrystalline MgZnO thin films annealed by atmospheric pressure plasma jets journal, March 2014

Effects of post-annealing temperature on structural, optical, and electrical properties of MgxZn1−xO films by RF magnetron sputtering journal, January 2011

A comprehensive review of ZnO materials and devices journal, August 2005

Synthesis and characterization of FeSe2 nanoparticles and FeSe2/FeO(OH) nanocomposites by hydrothermal method journal, March 2015

Energy band bowing parameter in MgZnO alloys journal, July 2015

First Principles Analysis of the Stability and Diffusion of Oxygen Vacancies in Metal Oxides journal, November 2004

Defects in ZnO journal, October 2009

Thermal stability of supersaturated MgxZn1−xO alloy films and MgxZn1−xO/ZnO heterointerfaces journal, December 1999

Ultraviolet photoluminescence and Raman properties of MgZnO nanopowders
journal, January 2006

Alloy broadening in photoluminescence spectra of ${Al}_{x} {Ga}_{1 - x} As$
journal, July 1984

Optical transitions and multiphonon Raman scattering of Cu doped ZnO and MgZnO ceramics
journal, February 2009

Defects-Driven Ferromagnetism in Undoped Dilute Magnetic Oxides: A Review
journal, October 2015

Behavior of dual ion beam sputtered MgZnO thin films for different oxygen partial pressure
journal, December 2013

Dependence of the fundamental band gap of AlxGa1−xN on alloy composition and pressure
journal, June 1999

New insights into the role of native point defects in ZnO
journal, January 2006

Refractive indices and absorption coefficients of MgxZn1−xO alloys
journal, February 2000

Spin-Orbit Splitting of the $Γ$ Exciton in MgO
journal, August 1966

Highly luminescent, high-indium-content InGaN film with uniform composition and full misfit-strain relaxation
journal, September 2013

Stabilization of BeZnO alloy by S incorporation: A density functional theory investigation
journal, February 2016

Phonon dynamics and Urbach energy studies of MgZnO alloys
journal, March 2015

Optical Properties and Electronic Structure of Amorphous Germanium
journal, January 1966

The Oxygen Vacancy as the Origin of a Green Emission in Undoped ZnO
journal, July 2001

CdSe nanoparticles: facile hydrothermal synthesis, characterization and optical properties
journal, June 2015

Annealing effect on nano-ZnO powder studied from positron lifetime and optical absorption spectroscopy
journal, January 2006

Growth and characteristics of ternary Zn1−x Mg x O films using magnetron co-sputtering
journal, October 2007

Mobility control of ceramic grain boundaries and interfaces
journal, July 1993

Structural and optical properties of MgxZn1–xO thin films formed by sol–gel method
journal, September 2004

Deposition and characterization of sputtered ZnO films
journal, July 2007

Achieving highly-enhanced UV photoluminescence and its origin in ZnO nanocrystalline films
journal, August 2016

Effects of Mg on the electrical characteristics and thermal stability of MgxZn1−xO thin film transistors
journal, March 2011

Optical and structural characterization of AlInN layers for optoelectronic applications
journal, September 2010

Growth and characterization of ZnO1−xSx highly mismatched alloys over the entire composition
journal, December 2015

Raman scattering of polar modes of ZnO crystallites
journal, November 2005

Anharmonic resonant Raman modes in Mg $_{0.2}$ Zn $_{0.8}$ O
journal, March 2013

Hydrothermal synthesis, characterization, and magnetic properties of cubic MnSe 2 /Se nanocomposites material
journal, December 2014

Hydrothermal synthesis of CoSe nanostructures without using surfactant
journal, August 2016

Optical properties of ZnO and MgZnO nanocrystals below and at the phase separation range
journal, December 2008

Probing embedded structural inhomogeneities in MgZnO alloys via selective resonant Raman scattering
journal, May 2013

Voltage-Current Characteristics of a Simple Zinc Oxide Varistor Containing Magnesia
journal, April 1990

Deep level related photoluminescence in ZnMgO
journal, November 2010

Correlation between photoluminescence and oxygen vacancies in ZnO phosphors
journal, January 1996

Fundamentals of zinc oxide as a semiconductor
journal, October 2009

Effects of MgO doping in ZnO–0.5mol% V2O5 varistors
journal, July 2008

Optical Properties of ZnO-Alloyed Nanocrystalline Films
journal, January 2012

Optical and structural characterization of GaN thin films at different N to Ga flux ratios
journal, January 2011

ZnS _x O _1-x Films Grown on Flexible Substrates
journal, January 2012

Interstitial zinc in zinc oxide
journal, January 1957

Optimized synthesis of ZnSe nanocrystals by hydrothermal method
journal, September 2015

Low temperature LO-phonon dynamics of MgZnO nanoalloys
journal, September 2007

Cobalt selenide nanostructures: Hydrothermal synthesis, considering the magnetic property and effect of the different synthesis conditions
journal, July 2016

Defect dynamics in annealed ZnO by positron annihilation spectroscopy
journal, September 2005

Photoluminescence spectroscopy and positron annihilation spectroscopy probe of alloying and annealing effects in nonpolar m-plane ZnMgO thin films
journal, April 2010

High-temperature growth and in-situ annealing of MgZnO thin films by RF sputtering
journal, June 2008

Structural, morphological, and optical properties of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures with AlN buffer and interlayer
journal, June 2007

The formation of MgZnO luminescent ceramics
journal, September 2011

Influence of postdeposition annealing on the structural and optical properties of sputtered zinc oxide film
journal, July 1996

MgxZn1−xO as a II–VI widegap semiconductor alloy
journal, May 1998

Effects of Mg Additions on Microstructure and Optical Properties of Sol-Gel Derived ZnO Thin Films
journal, January 2008

Sol–gel derived amorphous/nanocrystalline MgZnO thin films annealed by atmospheric pressure plasma jets
journal, March 2014

Effects of post-annealing temperature on structural, optical, and electrical properties of MgxZn1−xO films by RF magnetron sputtering
journal, January 2011

A comprehensive review of ZnO materials and devices
journal, August 2005

Synthesis and characterization of FeSe2 nanoparticles and FeSe2/FeO(OH) nanocomposites by hydrothermal method
journal, March 2015

Energy band bowing parameter in MgZnO alloys
journal, July 2015

First Principles Analysis of the Stability and Diffusion of Oxygen Vacancies in Metal Oxides
journal, November 2004

Defects in ZnO
journal, October 2009

Thermal stability of supersaturated MgxZn1−xO alloy films and MgxZn1−xO/ZnO heterointerfaces
journal, December 1999