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Title: Beam test evaluation of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made from proton-damaged PbWO4 crystals

Abstract

The performance of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made of proton-irradiated PbWO4 crystals has been studied in beam tests. The modules, similar to those used in the Endcaps of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), were formed from 5×5 matrices of PbWO4 crystals, which had previously been exposed to 24 GeV protons up to integrated fluences between 2.1 × 1013 and 1.3 × 1014 cm–2. These correspond to the predicted charged-hadron fluences in the ECAL Endcaps at pseudorapidity η = 2.6 after about 500 fb–1 and 3000 fb–1 respectively, corresponding to the end of the LHC and High Luminosity LHC operation periods. The irradiated crystals have a lower light transmission for wavelengths corresponding to the scintillation light, and a correspondingly reduced light output. A comparison with four crystals irradiated in situ in CMS showed no significant rate dependence of hadron-induced damage. A degradation of the energy resolution and a non-linear response to electron showers are observed in damaged crystals. Direct measurements of the light output from the crystals show the amplitude decreasing and pulse becoming faster as the fluence increases. The latter is interpreted, through comparison with simulation, as a side-effect of the degradation in light transmission. In conclusion, the experimental results obtainedmore » can be used to estimate the long term performance of the CMS ECAL.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; « less
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
OSTI Identifier:
1326591
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB-16-403-CMS
Journal ID: ISSN 1748-0221; 1449140
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-07CH11359
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of Instrumentation
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 11; Journal Issue: 04; Journal ID: ISSN 1748-0221
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; calorimeters; scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators); radiation-hard detectors; detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter, interaction of photons with matter, interaction of hadrons with matter, etc)

Citation Formats

Adams, T., Adzic, P., Ahuja, S., Anderson, D., Andrews, M. B., Antropov, I., Antunovic, Z., Arcidiacono, R., Arenton, M. W., Argirò, S., Askew, A., Attikis, A., Auffray, E., Baccaro, S., Baffioni, S., Bailleux, D., Baillon, P., Barney, D., Barone, L., Bartoloni, A., Bartosik, N., Becheva, E., Bein, S., Beirāo Da Cruz E Silva, C., Bell, K. W., Benaglia, A., Bendavid, J., Berry, D., Besancon, M., Betev, B., Bialas, W., Bianchini, L., Biino, C., Bitioukov, S., Bornheim, A., Brianza, L., Brinkerhoff, A., Brown, R. M., Brummitt, A., Busson, P., Candelise, V., Montoya, C. A. Carrillo, Cartiglia, N., Cavallari, F., Chang, Y. W., Chen, K. F., Chevenier, G., Chipaux, R., Clement, E., Cockerill, D. J. A., Corpe, L., Couderc, F., Courbon, B., Cox, B., Cucciati, G., Cussans, D., D'imperio, G., Calafiori, D. R. Da Silva Di, Dafinei, I., Daguin, J., Daskalakis, G., Mendes, A. D. Tinoco, Guio, F. De, Degano, A., Dejardin, M., Re, D. Del, Ricca, G. Della, Denegri, D., Depasse, P., Dev, N., Deyrail, D., Marco, E. Di, Diamond, B., Diemoz, M., Dissertori, G., Dittmar, M., Djambazov, L., Doan, T. H., Dobrzynski, L., Dolgopolov, A., Donegà, M., Dordevic, M., Dröge, M., Durkin, T., Dutta, D., Mamouni, H. El, Elliott-Peisert, A., Elmalis, E., Fabbro, B., Fasanella, G., Faure, J., Fay, J., Fedorov, A., Ferri, F., Francis, B., Frank, N., Franzoni, G., Funk, W., Ganjour, S., Gascon, S., Gastal, M., Geerebaert, Y., Gelli, S., Gerosa, R., Ghezzi, A., Giakoumopoulou, V. A., Givernaud, A., Gninenko, S., Godinovic, N., Goeckner-Wald, N., Golubev, N., Govoni, P., Gras, P., Guilloux, F., Haller, C., de Monchenault, G. Hamel, Hansen, M., Hansen, P., Hardenbrook, J., Heath, H. F., Hill, J., Hirosky, R., Hobson, P. R., Holme, O., Honma, A., Hou, W. -S., Hsiung, Y., Iiyama, Y., Ille, B., Ingram, Q., Jain, S., Jarry, P., Jessop, C., Jovanovic, D., Kachanov, V., Kalafut, S., Kao, K. Y., Kellams, N., Kesisoglou, S., Khatiwada, A., Konoplyannikov, A., Konstantinov, D., Korzhik, M., Kovac, M., Kubota, Y., Kucher, I., Kumar, A., Kumar, A., Kuo, C., Kyberd, P., Kyriakis, A., Latyshev, G., Lecoq, P., Ledovskoy, A., Lei, Y. J., Lelas, D., Lethuillier, M., Li, H., Lin, W., Liu, Y. F., Locci, E., Longo, E., Loukas, D., Lu, R. -S., Lucchini, M. T., Lustermann, W., Mackay, C. K., Magniette, F., Malcles, J., Malhotra, S., Mandjavidze, I., Maravin, Y., Margaroli, F., Marinelli, N., Marini, A. C., Martelli, A., Marzocchi, B., Massironi, A., Matveev, V., Mechinsky, V., Meng, F., Meridiani, P., Micheli, F., Milosevic, J., Mousa, J., Musella, P., Nessi-Tedaldi, F., Neu, C., Newman, H., Nicolaou, C., Nourbakhsh, S., Obertino, M. M., Organtini, G., Orimoto, T., Paganini, P., Paganis, E., Paganoni, M., Pandolfi, F., Panov, V., Paramatti, R., Parracho, P., Pastrone, N., Paulini, M., Pauss, F., Pauwels, K., Pellegrino, F., Pena, C., Perniè, L., Peruzzi, M., Petrakou, E., Petyt, D., Pigazzini, S., Piroué, P., Planer, M., Plestina, R., Polic, D., Prosper, H., Ptochos, F., Puljak, I., Quittnat, M., Ragazzi, S., Rahatlou, S., Rander, J., Ranjan, K., Silva, J. Rasteiro Da, Razis, P. A., Romanteau, T., Rosowsky, A., Rovelli, C., Rusack, R., Salerno, R., Santanastasio, F., Santra, A., Schönenberger, M., Seez, C., Sharma, V., Shepherd-Themistocleous, C., Shiu, J. G., Shivpuri, R. K., Singovsky, A., Sinthuprasith, T., Sirois, Y., Smiljkovic, N., Soffi, L., Sun, M., Symonds, P., de Fatis, T. Tabarelli, Tambe, N., Tarasov, I., Taroni, S., Lima, R. Teixeira De, Thea, A., Theofilatos, K., Thiant, F., Titov, M., Torbet, M., Trapani, P. P., Tropea, P., Tsai, J. f., Tsirou, A., Turkewitz, J., Tyurin, N., Tzeng, Y. M., Uzunian, A., Valls, N., Varela, J., Veeraraghavan, V., Verdini, P. G., Vichoudis, P., Vlassov, E., Wang, J., Wang, T., Weinberg, M., Wolfe, E., Wood, J., Zabi, A., Zahid, S., Zelepoukine, S., Zghiche, A., Zhang, L., Zhu, K., Zhu, R., and Zuyeuski, R. Beam test evaluation of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made from proton-damaged PbWO4 crystals. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04012.
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Adams, T., Adzic, P., Ahuja, S., Anderson, D., Andrews, M. B., Antropov, I., Antunovic, Z., Arcidiacono, R., Arenton, M. W., Argirò, S., Askew, A., Attikis, A., Auffray, E., Baccaro, S., Baffioni, S., Bailleux, D., Baillon, P., Barney, D., Barone, L., Bartoloni, A., Bartosik, N., Becheva, E., Bein, S., Beirāo Da Cruz E Silva, C., Bell, K. W., Benaglia, A., Bendavid, J., Berry, D., Besancon, M., Betev, B., Bialas, W., Bianchini, L., Biino, C., Bitioukov, S., Bornheim, A., Brianza, L., Brinkerhoff, A., Brown, R. M., Brummitt, A., Busson, P., Candelise, V., Montoya, C. A. Carrillo, Cartiglia, N., Cavallari, F., Chang, Y. W., Chen, K. F., Chevenier, G., Chipaux, R., Clement, E., Cockerill, D. J. A., Corpe, L., Couderc, F., Courbon, B., Cox, B., Cucciati, G., Cussans, D., D'imperio, G., Calafiori, D. R. Da Silva Di, Dafinei, I., Daguin, J., Daskalakis, G., Mendes, A. D. Tinoco, Guio, F. De, Degano, A., Dejardin, M., Re, D. Del, Ricca, G. Della, Denegri, D., Depasse, P., Dev, N., Deyrail, D., Marco, E. Di, Diamond, B., Diemoz, M., Dissertori, G., Dittmar, M., Djambazov, L., Doan, T. H., Dobrzynski, L., Dolgopolov, A., Donegà, M., Dordevic, M., Dröge, M., Durkin, T., Dutta, D., Mamouni, H. El, Elliott-Peisert, A., Elmalis, E., Fabbro, B., Fasanella, G., Faure, J., Fay, J., Fedorov, A., Ferri, F., Francis, B., Frank, N., Franzoni, G., Funk, W., Ganjour, S., Gascon, S., Gastal, M., Geerebaert, Y., Gelli, S., Gerosa, R., Ghezzi, A., Giakoumopoulou, V. A., Givernaud, A., Gninenko, S., Godinovic, N., Goeckner-Wald, N., Golubev, N., Govoni, P., Gras, P., Guilloux, F., Haller, C., de Monchenault, G. Hamel, Hansen, M., Hansen, P., Hardenbrook, J., Heath, H. F., Hill, J., Hirosky, R., Hobson, P. R., Holme, O., Honma, A., Hou, W. -S., Hsiung, Y., Iiyama, Y., Ille, B., Ingram, Q., Jain, S., Jarry, P., Jessop, C., Jovanovic, D., Kachanov, V., Kalafut, S., Kao, K. Y., Kellams, N., Kesisoglou, S., Khatiwada, A., Konoplyannikov, A., Konstantinov, D., Korzhik, M., Kovac, M., Kubota, Y., Kucher, I., Kumar, A., Kumar, A., Kuo, C., Kyberd, P., Kyriakis, A., Latyshev, G., Lecoq, P., Ledovskoy, A., Lei, Y. J., Lelas, D., Lethuillier, M., Li, H., Lin, W., Liu, Y. F., Locci, E., Longo, E., Loukas, D., Lu, R. -S., Lucchini, M. T., Lustermann, W., Mackay, C. K., Magniette, F., Malcles, J., Malhotra, S., Mandjavidze, I., Maravin, Y., Margaroli, F., Marinelli, N., Marini, A. C., Martelli, A., Marzocchi, B., Massironi, A., Matveev, V., Mechinsky, V., Meng, F., Meridiani, P., Micheli, F., Milosevic, J., Mousa, J., Musella, P., Nessi-Tedaldi, F., Neu, C., Newman, H., Nicolaou, C., Nourbakhsh, S., Obertino, M. M., Organtini, G., Orimoto, T., Paganini, P., Paganis, E., Paganoni, M., Pandolfi, F., Panov, V., Paramatti, R., Parracho, P., Pastrone, N., Paulini, M., Pauss, F., Pauwels, K., Pellegrino, F., Pena, C., Perniè, L., Peruzzi, M., Petrakou, E., Petyt, D., Pigazzini, S., Piroué, P., Planer, M., Plestina, R., Polic, D., Prosper, H., Ptochos, F., Puljak, I., Quittnat, M., Ragazzi, S., Rahatlou, S., Rander, J., Ranjan, K., Silva, J. Rasteiro Da, Razis, P. A., Romanteau, T., Rosowsky, A., Rovelli, C., Rusack, R., Salerno, R., Santanastasio, F., Santra, A., Schönenberger, M., Seez, C., Sharma, V., Shepherd-Themistocleous, C., Shiu, J. G., Shivpuri, R. K., Singovsky, A., Sinthuprasith, T., Sirois, Y., Smiljkovic, N., Soffi, L., Sun, M., Symonds, P., de Fatis, T. Tabarelli, Tambe, N., Tarasov, I., Taroni, S., Lima, R. Teixeira De, Thea, A., Theofilatos, K., Thiant, F., Titov, M., Torbet, M., Trapani, P. P., Tropea, P., Tsai, J. f., Tsirou, A., Turkewitz, J., Tyurin, N., Tzeng, Y. M., Uzunian, A., Valls, N., Varela, J., Veeraraghavan, V., Verdini, P. G., Vichoudis, P., Vlassov, E., Wang, J., Wang, T., Weinberg, M., Wolfe, E., Wood, J., Zabi, A., Zahid, S., Zelepoukine, S., Zghiche, A., Zhang, L., Zhu, K., Zhu, R., & Zuyeuski, R. Beam test evaluation of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made from proton-damaged PbWO4 crystals. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04012
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Adams, T., Adzic, P., Ahuja, S., Anderson, D., Andrews, M. B., Antropov, I., Antunovic, Z., Arcidiacono, R., Arenton, M. W., Argirò, S., Askew, A., Attikis, A., Auffray, E., Baccaro, S., Baffioni, S., Bailleux, D., Baillon, P., Barney, D., Barone, L., Bartoloni, A., Bartosik, N., Becheva, E., Bein, S., Beirāo Da Cruz E Silva, C., Bell, K. W., Benaglia, A., Bendavid, J., Berry, D., Besancon, M., Betev, B., Bialas, W., Bianchini, L., Biino, C., Bitioukov, S., Bornheim, A., Brianza, L., Brinkerhoff, A., Brown, R. M., Brummitt, A., Busson, P., Candelise, V., Montoya, C. A. Carrillo, Cartiglia, N., Cavallari, F., Chang, Y. W., Chen, K. F., Chevenier, G., Chipaux, R., Clement, E., Cockerill, D. J. A., Corpe, L., Couderc, F., Courbon, B., Cox, B., Cucciati, G., Cussans, D., D'imperio, G., Calafiori, D. R. Da Silva Di, Dafinei, I., Daguin, J., Daskalakis, G., Mendes, A. D. Tinoco, Guio, F. De, Degano, A., Dejardin, M., Re, D. Del, Ricca, G. Della, Denegri, D., Depasse, P., Dev, N., Deyrail, D., Marco, E. Di, Diamond, B., Diemoz, M., Dissertori, G., Dittmar, M., Djambazov, L., Doan, T. H., Dobrzynski, L., Dolgopolov, A., Donegà, M., Dordevic, M., Dröge, M., Durkin, T., Dutta, D., Mamouni, H. El, Elliott-Peisert, A., Elmalis, E., Fabbro, B., Fasanella, G., Faure, J., Fay, J., Fedorov, A., Ferri, F., Francis, B., Frank, N., Franzoni, G., Funk, W., Ganjour, S., Gascon, S., Gastal, M., Geerebaert, Y., Gelli, S., Gerosa, R., Ghezzi, A., Giakoumopoulou, V. A., Givernaud, A., Gninenko, S., Godinovic, N., Goeckner-Wald, N., Golubev, N., Govoni, P., Gras, P., Guilloux, F., Haller, C., de Monchenault, G. Hamel, Hansen, M., Hansen, P., Hardenbrook, J., Heath, H. F., Hill, J., Hirosky, R., Hobson, P. R., Holme, O., Honma, A., Hou, W. -S., Hsiung, Y., Iiyama, Y., Ille, B., Ingram, Q., Jain, S., Jarry, P., Jessop, C., Jovanovic, D., Kachanov, V., Kalafut, S., Kao, K. Y., Kellams, N., Kesisoglou, S., Khatiwada, A., Konoplyannikov, A., Konstantinov, D., Korzhik, M., Kovac, M., Kubota, Y., Kucher, I., Kumar, A., Kumar, A., Kuo, C., Kyberd, P., Kyriakis, A., Latyshev, G., Lecoq, P., Ledovskoy, A., Lei, Y. J., Lelas, D., Lethuillier, M., Li, H., Lin, W., Liu, Y. F., Locci, E., Longo, E., Loukas, D., Lu, R. -S., Lucchini, M. T., Lustermann, W., Mackay, C. K., Magniette, F., Malcles, J., Malhotra, S., Mandjavidze, I., Maravin, Y., Margaroli, F., Marinelli, N., Marini, A. C., Martelli, A., Marzocchi, B., Massironi, A., Matveev, V., Mechinsky, V., Meng, F., Meridiani, P., Micheli, F., Milosevic, J., Mousa, J., Musella, P., Nessi-Tedaldi, F., Neu, C., Newman, H., Nicolaou, C., Nourbakhsh, S., Obertino, M. M., Organtini, G., Orimoto, T., Paganini, P., Paganis, E., Paganoni, M., Pandolfi, F., Panov, V., Paramatti, R., Parracho, P., Pastrone, N., Paulini, M., Pauss, F., Pauwels, K., Pellegrino, F., Pena, C., Perniè, L., Peruzzi, M., Petrakou, E., Petyt, D., Pigazzini, S., Piroué, P., Planer, M., Plestina, R., Polic, D., Prosper, H., Ptochos, F., Puljak, I., Quittnat, M., Ragazzi, S., Rahatlou, S., Rander, J., Ranjan, K., Silva, J. Rasteiro Da, Razis, P. A., Romanteau, T., Rosowsky, A., Rovelli, C., Rusack, R., Salerno, R., Santanastasio, F., Santra, A., Schönenberger, M., Seez, C., Sharma, V., Shepherd-Themistocleous, C., Shiu, J. G., Shivpuri, R. K., Singovsky, A., Sinthuprasith, T., Sirois, Y., Smiljkovic, N., Soffi, L., Sun, M., Symonds, P., de Fatis, T. Tabarelli, Tambe, N., Tarasov, I., Taroni, S., Lima, R. Teixeira De, Thea, A., Theofilatos, K., Thiant, F., Titov, M., Torbet, M., Trapani, P. P., Tropea, P., Tsai, J. f., Tsirou, A., Turkewitz, J., Tyurin, N., Tzeng, Y. M., Uzunian, A., Valls, N., Varela, J., Veeraraghavan, V., Verdini, P. G., Vichoudis, P., Vlassov, E., Wang, J., Wang, T., Weinberg, M., Wolfe, E., Wood, J., Zabi, A., Zahid, S., Zelepoukine, S., Zghiche, A., Zhang, L., Zhu, K., Zhu, R., and Zuyeuski, R. Mon . "Beam test evaluation of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made from proton-damaged PbWO4 crystals". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04012. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1326591.
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@article{osti_1326591,
title = {Beam test evaluation of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made from proton-damaged PbWO4 crystals},
author = {Adams, T. and Adzic, P. and Ahuja, S. and Anderson, D. and Andrews, M. B. and Antropov, I. and Antunovic, Z. and Arcidiacono, R. and Arenton, M. W. and Argirò, S. and Askew, A. and Attikis, A. and Auffray, E. and Baccaro, S. and Baffioni, S. and Bailleux, D. and Baillon, P. and Barney, D. and Barone, L. and Bartoloni, A. and Bartosik, N. and Becheva, E. and Bein, S. and Beirāo Da Cruz E Silva, C. and Bell, K. W. and Benaglia, A. and Bendavid, J. and Berry, D. and Besancon, M. and Betev, B. and Bialas, W. and Bianchini, L. and Biino, C. and Bitioukov, S. and Bornheim, A. and Brianza, L. and Brinkerhoff, A. and Brown, R. M. and Brummitt, A. and Busson, P. and Candelise, V. and Montoya, C. A. Carrillo and Cartiglia, N. and Cavallari, F. and Chang, Y. W. and Chen, K. F. and Chevenier, G. and Chipaux, R. and Clement, E. and Cockerill, D. J. A. and Corpe, L. and Couderc, F. and Courbon, B. and Cox, B. and Cucciati, G. and Cussans, D. and D'imperio, G. and Calafiori, D. R. Da Silva Di and Dafinei, I. and Daguin, J. and Daskalakis, G. and Mendes, A. D. Tinoco and Guio, F. De and Degano, A. and Dejardin, M. and Re, D. Del and Ricca, G. Della and Denegri, D. and Depasse, P. and Dev, N. and Deyrail, D. and Marco, E. Di and Diamond, B. and Diemoz, M. and Dissertori, G. and Dittmar, M. and Djambazov, L. and Doan, T. H. and Dobrzynski, L. and Dolgopolov, A. and Donegà, M. and Dordevic, M. and Dröge, M. and Durkin, T. and Dutta, D. and Mamouni, H. El and Elliott-Peisert, A. and Elmalis, E. and Fabbro, B. and Fasanella, G. and Faure, J. and Fay, J. and Fedorov, A. and Ferri, F. and Francis, B. and Frank, N. and Franzoni, G. and Funk, W. and Ganjour, S. and Gascon, S. and Gastal, M. and Geerebaert, Y. and Gelli, S. and Gerosa, R. and Ghezzi, A. and Giakoumopoulou, V. A. and Givernaud, A. and Gninenko, S. and Godinovic, N. and Goeckner-Wald, N. and Golubev, N. and Govoni, P. and Gras, P. and Guilloux, F. and Haller, C. and de Monchenault, G. Hamel and Hansen, M. and Hansen, P. and Hardenbrook, J. and Heath, H. F. and Hill, J. and Hirosky, R. and Hobson, P. R. and Holme, O. and Honma, A. and Hou, W. -S. and Hsiung, Y. and Iiyama, Y. and Ille, B. and Ingram, Q. and Jain, S. and Jarry, P. and Jessop, C. and Jovanovic, D. and Kachanov, V. and Kalafut, S. and Kao, K. Y. and Kellams, N. and Kesisoglou, S. and Khatiwada, A. and Konoplyannikov, A. and Konstantinov, D. and Korzhik, M. and Kovac, M. and Kubota, Y. and Kucher, I. and Kumar, A. and Kumar, A. and Kuo, C. and Kyberd, P. and Kyriakis, A. and Latyshev, G. and Lecoq, P. and Ledovskoy, A. and Lei, Y. J. and Lelas, D. and Lethuillier, M. and Li, H. and Lin, W. and Liu, Y. F. and Locci, E. and Longo, E. and Loukas, D. and Lu, R. -S. and Lucchini, M. T. and Lustermann, W. and Mackay, C. K. and Magniette, F. and Malcles, J. and Malhotra, S. and Mandjavidze, I. and Maravin, Y. and Margaroli, F. and Marinelli, N. and Marini, A. C. and Martelli, A. and Marzocchi, B. and Massironi, A. and Matveev, V. and Mechinsky, V. and Meng, F. and Meridiani, P. and Micheli, F. and Milosevic, J. and Mousa, J. and Musella, P. and Nessi-Tedaldi, F. and Neu, C. and Newman, H. and Nicolaou, C. and Nourbakhsh, S. and Obertino, M. M. and Organtini, G. and Orimoto, T. and Paganini, P. and Paganis, E. and Paganoni, M. and Pandolfi, F. and Panov, V. and Paramatti, R. and Parracho, P. and Pastrone, N. and Paulini, M. and Pauss, F. and Pauwels, K. and Pellegrino, F. and Pena, C. and Perniè, L. and Peruzzi, M. and Petrakou, E. and Petyt, D. and Pigazzini, S. and Piroué, P. and Planer, M. and Plestina, R. and Polic, D. and Prosper, H. and Ptochos, F. and Puljak, I. and Quittnat, M. and Ragazzi, S. and Rahatlou, S. and Rander, J. and Ranjan, K. and Silva, J. Rasteiro Da and Razis, P. A. and Romanteau, T. and Rosowsky, A. and Rovelli, C. and Rusack, R. and Salerno, R. and Santanastasio, F. and Santra, A. and Schönenberger, M. and Seez, C. and Sharma, V. and Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. and Shiu, J. G. and Shivpuri, R. K. and Singovsky, A. and Sinthuprasith, T. and Sirois, Y. and Smiljkovic, N. and Soffi, L. and Sun, M. and Symonds, P. and de Fatis, T. Tabarelli and Tambe, N. and Tarasov, I. and Taroni, S. and Lima, R. Teixeira De and Thea, A. and Theofilatos, K. and Thiant, F. and Titov, M. and Torbet, M. and Trapani, P. P. and Tropea, P. and Tsai, J. f. and Tsirou, A. and Turkewitz, J. and Tyurin, N. and Tzeng, Y. M. and Uzunian, A. and Valls, N. and Varela, J. and Veeraraghavan, V. and Verdini, P. G. and Vichoudis, P. and Vlassov, E. and Wang, J. and Wang, T. and Weinberg, M. and Wolfe, E. and Wood, J. and Zabi, A. and Zahid, S. and Zelepoukine, S. and Zghiche, A. and Zhang, L. and Zhu, K. and Zhu, R. and Zuyeuski, R.},
abstractNote = {The performance of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made of proton-irradiated PbWO4 crystals has been studied in beam tests. The modules, similar to those used in the Endcaps of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), were formed from 5×5 matrices of PbWO4 crystals, which had previously been exposed to 24 GeV protons up to integrated fluences between 2.1 × 1013 and 1.3 × 1014 cm–2. These correspond to the predicted charged-hadron fluences in the ECAL Endcaps at pseudorapidity η = 2.6 after about 500 fb–1 and 3000 fb–1 respectively, corresponding to the end of the LHC and High Luminosity LHC operation periods. The irradiated crystals have a lower light transmission for wavelengths corresponding to the scintillation light, and a correspondingly reduced light output. A comparison with four crystals irradiated in situ in CMS showed no significant rate dependence of hadron-induced damage. A degradation of the energy resolution and a non-linear response to electron showers are observed in damaged crystals. Direct measurements of the light output from the crystals show the amplitude decreasing and pulse becoming faster as the fluence increases. The latter is interpreted, through comparison with simulation, as a side-effect of the degradation in light transmission. In conclusion, the experimental results obtained can be used to estimate the long term performance of the CMS ECAL.},
doi = {10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04012},
journal = {Journal of Instrumentation},
number = 04,
volume = 11,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Apr 11 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Mon Apr 11 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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